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CN105861121A - 一种节能抗磨汽油机油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种节能抗磨汽油机油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105861121A
CN105861121A CN201610221256.4A CN201610221256A CN105861121A CN 105861121 A CN105861121 A CN 105861121A CN 201610221256 A CN201610221256 A CN 201610221256A CN 105861121 A CN105861121 A CN 105861121A
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黄毅
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种节能抗磨汽油机油及其制备方法，所述节能抗磨汽油机油由下述重量份的原料组成：单烯基丁二酰亚胺0.7‑0.9份、烷基苯磺酸钙0.4‑0.6份、乙丙共聚物5‑10份、4,4'‑二辛基二苯胺0.1‑0.3份、2,2'‑亚甲基双‑(4‑甲基‑6‑叔丁基苯酚)0.1‑0.3份、二丁基二硫代磷酸锌0.2‑0.4份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.3‑0.5份、二甲基硅油0.002‑0.005份、抗磨剂0.6‑0.9份、基础油75‑85份。本发明节能抗磨汽油机油，解决了现有技术中存在的汽油机油抗磨性能差的问题，大大延长了汽油机油的使用寿命，降低了成本，且环保节能，适用范围广，非常实用。

Description

一种节能抗磨汽油机油及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑油技术领域，是一种节能抗磨汽油机油及其制备方法。
背景技术
长期以来，人们一直关注着国内外内燃机油开发研制的状况：内燃机油开发研究的主要目的是选用合适的基础油，平衡各种添加剂的用量。通过大量的实验室试验、模拟试验和发动机台架试验，合理地确定内燃机油的组成。尽管目前控制汽车排放的发展方向主要针对着汽油中的芳烃和铅，但更少的燃料燃烧就意味着更少的排放，尤其是作为主要温室气体的二氧化碳的排放会更少。因此，润滑油一个显著的发展趋势是向更低粘度、更苛刻的挥发性要求，更好燃料经济性的节能型发展。节约不可再生的石油资源使得无论是汽油机油还是柴油都需要延长换油期。
发动机是汽车的心脏，其内有许多相互摩擦运动的金属表面，这些部件运动速度快、环境差，工作温度可达400-600℃，必须使用机油对发动机起到如下作用：1.润滑减磨：活塞和汽缸之间，主轴和轴瓦之间均存在着快速的相对滑动，要防止零件过快的磨损，则需要在两个滑动表面间建立油膜，有足够厚度的油膜将相对滑动的零件表面隔开，从而达到减少磨损的目的；2.冷却降温：机油能够将热量带回机油箱再散发至空气中帮助水箱冷却发动机。3.清洗清洁：机油能够将发动机零件上的碳化物、油泥、磨损金属颗粒通循环带回机油箱，通过润滑油的流动，冲洗零件工作面上产生的脏物。
目前较常用的机油主要为矿物油和合成油，该两种类型的机油均包括基础油和添加剂，其中矿物油由矿物基础油和添加剂混配制成。虽然矿物油存在着很多缺点，但由于其来源广泛，成本较低，目前仍得到了广泛的应用，本领域技术人员通过调整矿物基础油的比例以及添加剂的组份含量来提高机油的性能，但由于现有的有机添加剂在高温高压条件下会分解失效，无机添加剂由于颗粒较大导入摩擦界面性能差，从而影响发动机性能的发挥。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明解决技术问题之一是提供一种节能抗磨汽油机油。
本发明解决技术问题之二是提供上述节能抗磨汽油机油的制备方法。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种节能抗磨汽油机油，由下述重量份的原料组成：单烯基丁二酰亚胺0.7-0.9份、烷基苯磺酸钙0.4-0.6份、乙丙共聚物5-10份、4,4'-二辛基二苯胺0.1-0.3份、2,2'-亚甲基双-(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)0.1-0.3份、二丁基二硫代磷酸锌0.2-0.4份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.3-0.5份、二甲基硅油0.002-0.005份、抗磨剂0.6-0.9份、基础油75-85份。
所述的基础油由壬二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、偏苯三酸三壬酯、1,2,4-苯三甲酸三(2-乙基己基)酯混合而成，所述壬二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、偏苯三酸三壬酯、1,2,4-苯三甲酸三(2-乙基己基)酯的质量比为(1-3)：(1-3)：(1-3)。
优选地，所述的抗磨剂由40-60wt％N,N-二异辛基二硫代氨基甲酸钼和40-60wt％N,N-二(十三)烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼组成。
本发明还提供了上述节能抗磨汽油机油的制备方法：将单烯基丁二酰亚胺、烷基苯磺酸钙、乙丙共聚物、4,4'-二辛基二苯胺、2,2'-亚甲基双-(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)、二丁基二硫代磷酸锌、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、二甲基硅油、抗磨剂、基础油加入调和釜中混合均匀，即得所述节能抗磨汽油机油。
本发明节能抗磨汽油机油，解决了现有技术中存在的汽油机油抗磨性能差的问题，大大延长了汽油机油的使用寿命，降低了成本，且环保节能，适用范围广，非常实用。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的说明，以下所述，仅是对本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明做其他形式的限制，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更为同等变化的等效实施例。凡是未脱离本发明方案内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以下实施例所做的任何简单修改或等同变化，均落在本发明的保护范围内。
实施例各原料介绍：
2,2'-亚甲基双-(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)，CAS号：119-47-1。
壬二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯，CAS号：103-24-2。
偏苯三酸三壬酯，CAS号：35415-27-1。
1,2,4-苯三甲酸三(2-乙基己基)酯，CAS号：3319-31-1。
二丁基二硫代磷酸锌，CAS号：6990-43-8。
烷基苯磺酸钙采用专利申请号：200810011923.1中实施例1的方法制备。
4,4'-二辛基二苯胺，CAS号：101-67-7。
乙丙共聚物，CAS号：9010-79-1，采用大庆高新技术产业开发区林强油剂制品有限公司的型号为T613A的乙丙共聚物。
二甲基硅油，CAS号：63148-62-9，采用道康宁PMX-200常规粘度消泡剂二甲基硅油，粘度350cs。
聚甲基丙烯酸酯，按照专利申请号：201410753667.9中实施例1的方法制备。
单烯基丁二酰亚胺，其结构式如下：
其中，PIB为分子量为1000的聚异丁烯，n＝3。
N,N-二(十三)烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼，其结构式如下：其结构式如下：
其中R为直链十三烷基。
N,N-二异辛基二硫代氨基甲酸钼，其结构式如下：
其中R为异辛基，其结构式如下：
实施例1
节能抗磨汽油机油原料(重量份)：单烯基丁二酰亚胺0.8份、烷基苯磺酸钙0.5份、乙丙共聚物7份、4,4'-二辛基二苯胺0.2份、2,2'-亚甲基双-(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)0.2份、二丁基二硫代磷酸锌0.3份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.4份、二甲基硅油0.003份、抗磨剂0.7份、基础油78份。
所述的基础油由壬二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、偏苯三酸三壬酯、1,2,4-苯三甲酸三(2-乙基己基)酯按质量比为1：1：1搅拌混合均匀得到。
所述的抗磨剂由50wt％N,N-二异辛基二硫代氨基甲酸钼和50wt％N,N-二(十三)烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼搅拌混合均匀得到。
节能抗磨汽油机油制备：
将基础油总重量二分之一的基础油(即基础油总重量的一半)加入调和釜中，升温至85℃，加入乙丙共聚物、聚甲基丙烯酸酯，400转/分搅拌40分钟；加入剩余二分之一基础油，保持温度为60℃，加入单烯基丁二酰亚胺、烷基苯磺酸钙，400转/分搅拌25分钟；加入抗磨剂、4,4'-二辛基二苯胺、2,2'-亚甲基双-(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)、二丁基二硫代磷酸锌、二甲基硅油，400转/分搅拌35分钟，冷却至室温。得到实施例1的节能抗磨汽油机油。
实施例2
与实施例1基本相同，区别仅仅在于：所述的基础油由偏苯三酸三壬酯、1,2,4-苯三甲酸三(2-乙基己基)酯按质量比为1：1搅拌混合均匀得到。得到实施例2的节能抗磨汽油机油。
实施例3
与实施例1基本相同，区别仅仅在于：所述的基础油由壬二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、1,2,4-苯三甲酸三(2-乙基己基)酯按质量比为1：1搅拌混合均匀得到。得到实施例3的节能抗磨汽油机油。
实施例4
与实施例1基本相同，区别仅仅在于：所述的基础油由壬二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、偏苯三酸三壬酯按质量比为1：1搅拌混合均匀得到。得到实施例4的节能抗磨汽油机油。
实施例5
与实施例1基本相同，区别仅仅在于：所述的抗磨剂仅为N,N-二异辛基二硫代氨基甲酸钼。得到实施例5的节能抗磨汽油机油。
实施例6
与实施例1基本相同，区别仅仅在于：所述的抗磨剂仅为N,N-二(十三)烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼。得到实施例6的节能抗磨汽油机油。
测试例1
对实施例1-6的节能抗磨汽油机油使用性能进行测试，油品磨斑直径和平均摩擦力数据均为四球摩擦试验机试验数据，其试验方法根据GB/T12583-90，四球试验机设置条件为负载40kgf，转速1500rpm，运行时间1h，初始温度40℃。具体测试结果见表1。
表1：节能抗磨汽油机油使用性能测试结果表
比较实施例1与实施例2-4，实施例1(壬二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、偏苯三酸三壬酯、1,2,4-苯三甲酸三(2-乙基己基)酯复配)使用性能明显优于实施例2-4(壬二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、偏苯三酸三壬酯、1,2,4-苯三甲酸三(2-乙基己基)酯中任意二者复配)；比较实施例1与实施例5-6，实施例1(N,N-二异辛基二硫代氨基甲酸钼和N,N-二(十三)烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼复配)使用性能明显优于实施例5-6(N,N-二异辛基二硫代氨基甲酸钼和N,N-二(十三)烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼中单一原料)。
测试例2
实验根据SH/T 0193-2008润滑油氧化安定性的测定-旋转氧弹法检测，氧化时间越长则抗氧性越好。具体结果见表2。
表2：氧化安定性测试结果表
氧化时间/min
实施例1 327
实施例2 304
实施例3 312
实施例4 305
实施例5 315
实施例6 313
比较实施例1与实施例2-4，实施例1(壬二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、偏苯三酸三壬酯、1,2,4-苯三甲酸三(2-乙基己基)酯复配)抗氧化性能明显优于实施例2-4(壬二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、偏苯三酸三壬酯、1,2,4-苯三甲酸三(2-乙基己基)酯中任意二者复配)；比较实施例1与实施例5-6，实施例1(N,N-二异辛基二硫代氨基甲酸钼和N,N-二(十三)烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼复配)抗氧化性能明显优于实施例5-6(N,N-二异辛基二硫代氨基甲酸钼和N,N-二(十三)烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼中单一原料)。

Claims (3)

1.一种节能抗磨汽油机油，其特征在于，由下述重量份的原料组成：单烯基丁二酰亚胺0.7-0.9份、烷基苯磺酸钙0.4-0.6份、乙丙共聚物5-10份、4,4'-二辛基二苯胺0.1-0.3份、2,2'-亚甲基双-(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)0.1-0.3份、二丁基二硫代磷酸锌0.2-0.4份、聚甲基丙烯酸酯0.3-0.5份、二甲基硅油0.002-0.005份、抗磨剂0.6-0.9份、基础油75-85份；
所述的基础油由壬二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、偏苯三酸三壬酯、1,2,4-苯三甲酸三(2-乙基己基)酯混合而成，所述壬二酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、偏苯三酸三壬酯、1,2,4-苯三甲酸三(2-乙基己基)酯的质量比为(1-3)：(1-3)：(1-3)。
2.如权利要求1所述的节能抗磨汽油机油，其特征在于：所述的抗磨剂由40-60wt％N,N-二异辛基二硫代氨基甲酸钼和40-60wt％N,N-二(十三)烷基二硫代氨基甲酸钼组成。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的节能抗磨汽油机油的制备方法，其特征在于：将单烯基丁二酰亚胺、烷基苯磺酸钙、乙丙共聚物、4,4'-二辛基二苯胺、2,2'-亚甲基双-(4-甲基-6-叔丁基苯酚)、二丁基二硫代磷酸锌、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、二甲基硅油、抗磨剂、基础油加入调和釜中混合均匀，即得所述节能抗磨汽油机油。
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