CN105449814B - The protection circuit and method of rush of current when reducing super capacitor charging - Google Patents
The protection circuit and method of rush of current when reducing super capacitor charging Download PDFInfo
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- CN105449814B CN105449814B CN201510842465.6A CN201510842465A CN105449814B CN 105449814 B CN105449814 B CN 105449814B CN 201510842465 A CN201510842465 A CN 201510842465A CN 105449814 B CN105449814 B CN 105449814B
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Abstract
A kind of protection circuit and method for reducing rush of current when super capacitor charges, the protection circuit include output current Acquisition Circuit, output voltage Acquisition Circuit, capacitance voltage sample circuit, microcontroller and pulse-width modulation circuit；Output current Acquisition Circuit and output voltage Acquisition Circuit are respectively used to the output current value and output voltage values of acquisition charger, and capacitance voltage sample circuit is used to acquire the voltage value of super capacitor；The input terminal of microcontroller is connect respectively with output current Acquisition Circuit, output voltage Acquisition Circuit and capacitance voltage sample circuit, the input terminal of the output terminal connection pulse-width modulation circuit of microcontroller, the output terminal connection charger of pulse-width modulation circuit；Pulse-width modulation circuit is used for the actual voltage value certain value that the output voltage values of charger is controlled to be higher than super capacitor.The present invention can reduce the rush of current to super capacitor in initial charge process, be malfunctioned to avoid overcurrent protective device, play the role of protecting super capacitor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power technique fields, particularly a kind of to be used for protection circuit of the super capacitor in charging process.
Background technology
Super capacitor as energy-storage travelling wave tube, have power density is big, charging rate is fast, capacity is high, good reversibility, the service life
The advantages that growing, being large current discharge, and the charging and discharging curve of super capacitor can be used as backup power supply generation closer to capacitor
It is applied in every field for conventional batteries, is particular enable to be adapted in the field of high peak current in short-term.
It, can only be after super capacitor installs just since super capacitor does not allow to charge in transport, installation process
Allow to charge to super capacitor, to prevent the excessive larger current that generates of charger output voltage in charging process from impacting super electricity
Hold, overcurrent protective device is connected usually between charger and super capacitor.But super capacitor is in initial power-up moment, due to filling
The voltage difference of electric appliance and super capacitor is very big, and charger is very big to the dash current of super capacitor, it is easy to make charger and surpass
Overcurrent protective device malfunction between grade capacitance.Currently in order to the method that overcurrent protective device action generally uses is avoided to have three
Kind：1）The overcurrent protective device of large capacity is selected, shortcoming is the increase in equipment cost, and overcurrent protective device cannot be played and should be had
Overcurrent protection；2）The slow overcurrent protective device of overcurrent protection is selected, shortcoming is cannot timely to carry out overcurrent protection；
3）The reset overcurrent protective device artificial when overcurrent protective device acts, shortcoming are the increase in the intervention of people during first power-up,
There is certain Unpredictability.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the invention is to provide one kind can reduce pair in super capacitor initial charge process
The protection circuit and method of super capacitor rush of current malfunction to avoid overcurrent protective device.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows.
A kind of protection circuit for reducing rush of current when super capacitor charges, including output current Acquisition Circuit, output electricity
Press Acquisition Circuit, capacitance voltage sample circuit, microcontroller and pulse-width modulation circuit；The output current Acquisition Circuit is used to adopt
Collect the output current value of charger, output voltage Acquisition Circuit is used to acquire the output voltage values of charger, capacitance voltage sampling
Circuit is used to acquire the voltage value of super capacitor；The input terminal of the microcontroller is electric with output current Acquisition Circuit, output respectively
Pressure Acquisition Circuit is connected with capacitance voltage sample circuit, the input terminal of the output terminal connection pulse-width modulation circuit of microcontroller, pulsewidth
The output terminal connection charger of modulation circuit；The pulse-width modulation circuit is used to control the output voltage values of charger higher than super
The actual voltage value certain value of capacitance.
The protection circuit of rush of current during the charging of above-mentioned reduction super capacitor, the output voltage values of the charger with it is super
The pressure difference of capacitance actual voltage value is 50V.
The protection circuit of rush of current during the charging of above-mentioned reduction super capacitor, the output terminal of the microcontroller also with charger
Controlled end connection, for controlling the startup of charger and closing.
A kind of method using rush of current when above-mentioned protection circuit, reduction super capacitor charging specifically includes following step
Suddenly：
A. under charger open state, the whether continuous 30S of detection output current of charger value is more than 50mA, enters step in this way
Rapid B, if not, charger is controlled to shut down and enters switching on and shutting down sub-process；
B. whether detection super-capacitor voltage value U is less than definite value Ue, carries out step C in this way, if not, control charger shutdown
And enter switching on and shutting down sub-process；
C. the output voltage values of control charger are U+Ue, and charger charges using 3A current values as super capacitor.
A kind of above-mentioned method for reducing rush of current when super capacitor charges, switching on and shutting down sub-process is specially described in step B：
Under charger off-mode, detect super-capacitor voltage value U, control charger using output voltage values as U+Ue in the state of, into
Row is to be charged；After continuing 30S, control charger booting.
As a result of above technical scheme, the invention technological progress is as follows.
Circuit structure of the present invention is simple, small, at low cost, reliability is high, can be in super capacitor initial charge process
The middle rush of current reduced to super capacitor, malfunctions to avoid overcurrent protective device, plays the role of protecting super capacitor.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the electrical principle block diagram of protection circuit of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram that circuit is protected in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the main flow chart of the method for the invention；
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of switching on and shutting down sub-process described in the method for the present invention.
Each label is expressed as in figure：CAP_V：Super-capacitor voltage anode；VOUT：Charger output voltage positive signal；
VOUT_CY：Charger output voltage sampled signal；CAP_V _CY：Super-capacitor voltage sampled signal； OUT_I：Charger is defeated
Go out current sampling signal；ON/OFF：Charger switch machine control signal；PWM：Charger voltage adjusts signal；R1 ~ R15. first
Resistance is to the 15th resistance, the first capacitances of C1., the second capacitances of C2., U1.First amplifier, the second amplifiers of U2., V. triodes, D.
Diode.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Electrical principle of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1, including output current Acquisition Circuit, output voltage Acquisition Circuit, capacitance electricity
Press sample circuit, microcontroller and pulse-width modulation circuit；The input terminal of microcontroller is electric with output current Acquisition Circuit, output respectively
Pressure Acquisition Circuit is connected with capacitance voltage sample circuit, the input terminal of the output terminal connection pulse-width modulation circuit of microcontroller, pulsewidth
The output terminal connection charger of modulation circuit.
Output voltage Acquisition Circuit is connected between the output terminal microcontroller of charger, for acquiring the output of charger electricity
Pressure value, and the charger output voltage sampled signal OUT_CY of acquisition is transferred to microcontroller.In the present embodiment, output voltage is adopted
The circuit diagram of collector as shown in Fig. 2, the 6th resistance R6 including being connected in series between charger cathode output end and ground and
7th resistance R7, charger output voltage sampled signal OUT_CY are derived from the connecting pin of the 6th resistance R6 and the 7th resistance R7.
Output current Acquisition Circuit is connected between super capacitor cathode and microcontroller, for acquiring the output of charger electricity
Flow valuve, and the output current of charger sampled signal OUT_I of acquisition is transferred to microcontroller.In the present embodiment, output current is adopted
The circuit diagram of collector as shown in Fig. 2, including the tenth resistance R10 ~ the 15th resistance R15, the second capacitance C2 and the second amplifier U2；
Negative pole end of the electrode input end of second amplifier U2 through the 14th resistance R14 connection super capacitors, the anode of the second amplifier U2 are defeated
Enter end to be also grounded through the 15th resistance R15；The negative input of second amplifier U2 is grounded through the 12nd resistance R12；13rd electricity
Resistance R13 is connected between the 14th resistance R14 and the 12nd resistance R12；11st resistance R11 is connected to the negative of the second amplifier U2
Between the output terminal of pole input terminal and the second amplifier U2；The output terminal of second amplifier U2 is successively through the electricity of the tenth resistance R10 and second
Hold C2 ground connection, output current of charger sampled signal OUT_I is derived from the connecting pin of the tenth resistance R10 and the second capacitance C2.
It is super for acquiring between the positive voltage terminal CAP_V and microcontroller of capacitance voltage sample circuit connection super capacitor
The voltage value of capacitance, and the super-capacitor voltage sampled signal CAP_V_CY of acquisition is transferred to microcontroller.In the present embodiment, electricity
Hold the circuit diagram of voltage sampling circuit as shown in Fig. 2, including be connected in series between super capacitor electrode input end and ground the
Eight resistance R8 and the 9th resistance R9, super-capacitor voltage sampled signal CAP_V_CY are derived from the 8th resistance R8's and the 9th resistance R9
Connecting pin.
Pulse-width modulation circuit is connected between microcontroller and charger, for exporting charger electricity under the control of microcontroller
Pressure adjustment signal PWM, controls the output voltage values of charger to be higher than the actual voltage value certain value of super capacitor, and the present invention this determines
Value is set as 50V.In the present embodiment, the circuit diagram of pulse-width modulation circuit is as shown in Fig. 2, including the first amplifier U1 3rd resistors
R3, the 5th resistance R5 and the first capacitance C1；The pressure regulation signal output end of microcontroller is through 3rd resistor R3 the first amplifiers of connection U1's
Electrode input end, the pressure regulation signal output end of microcontroller are also grounded through the 5th resistance R5, and the first capacitance C1 is attempted by the first amplifier
Between the electrode input end and ground of U1；The negative input of first amplifier U1 is connect with the output terminal of the first amplifier U1；First fortune
Put the controlled end of the output terminal connection charger of U1.
In the present invention, switching on and shutting down control circuit is additionally provided between the output terminal and charger of microcontroller, is used for, output is filled
Electric switch machine control signal ON/OFF, to control the booting of charger and shutdown.In the present embodiment, switching on and shutting down control circuit
Circuit diagram is as shown in Fig. 2, including triode V, second resistance R2 and the 4th resistance R4；The switching on and shutting down signal output end of microcontroller according to
It is secondary to connect power supply+5V with second resistance R2 through the 4th resistance R4；The base stage of triode is connected to second resistance R2 and the 4th resistance
R4 connecting pins, the emitter ground connection of triode, the switching on and shutting down controlled end of the collector connection charger of triode.
In the present invention, it is also provided with overcurrent protection between the cathode output end of charger and the positive terminal of super capacitor
Device, overcurrent protective device can be air switch or contactor etc., play the role of cutting off circuit during overcurrent；The present embodiment
Middle overcurrent protective device selects air switch.Reversal connection during for super capacitor being prevented to charge, the present embodiment are defeated in the anode of charger
Series diode D between outlet and air switch, as shown in Figure 2.
The present invention also provides it is a kind of reduce super capacitor charging when rush of current method, flow chart as shown in figure 3,
Specifically include following steps：
A. under charger open state, the whether continuous 30S of detection output current of charger value is more than 50mA, enters step in this way
Rapid B, if not, charger is controlled to shut down and enters switching on and shutting down sub-process.
B. whether detection super-capacitor voltage value U is less than Ue, carries out step C in this way, if not, control charger shutdown is gone forward side by side
Enter switching on and shutting down sub-process.
C. the output voltage values of control charger are U+Ue, and charger charges using 3A current values as super capacitor.
The flow chart of above-mentioned switching on and shutting down sub-process is as shown in figure 4, be specially：Under charger off-mode, super electricity is detected
Hold voltage value U, control charger using output voltage values as U+Ue in the state of, progress it is to be charged；After continuing 30S, control charging
Device is switched on.
It is filled below with charger using 250V/3A constant-current constant-voltage chargings device, super capacitor using 260V/22F, overcurrent protection
It puts using the operation principle for illustrating the present invention for air switch.Voltage definite value Ue is set as 50V in the present embodiment.
It is spaced switching on and shutting down principle：When charger is in opening, such as the charger of output current Acquisition Circuit acquisition
When output current value continues 30S less than 50mA, microcontroller control charger shutdown；When charger is in off-mode, output
For the charger output voltage values of voltage collection circuit acquisition when to continue 30S be zero, microcontroller controls charger to turn back on.So
Repeat the interval switching on and shutting down action of charger.
Output voltage adjusts principle：
In the case where charger is in off-mode, capacitance voltage sample circuit detects the real-time voltage value of super capacitor, if inspection
Super capacitor is measured there are voltage U, then microcontroller sends out ON signals to charger, while exports charger to pulse-width modulation circuit
The voltage value that should be exported is set as " U+ 50V ", when device to be charged is switched on, charges for super capacitor.
If charger is under open state, air switch is closed, and super capacitor is accessed in charger circuit, then capacitance
Voltage sampling circuit can detect the voltage value of super capacitor suddenly.If the voltage value U of the super capacitor is less than 50V, by
There is output current in charger, can charge normal；Microcontroller passes through pulse-width modulation circuit output terminal PWM modulation signal, control
The output voltage values of charger is increase 50V on the basis of super capacitor real-time voltage value U, and charger is with the electricity of " U+50V "
It presses, the electric current of 3A charges to super capacitor;The output voltage values of charger is controlled to be up to 250V simultaneously.With super capacitor electricity
The increase of U' is pressed, microcontroller and pulse-width modulation circuit dynamic adjust the output voltage of charger, remain the output of charger
Voltage setting value is " U'+ 50V ", and output voltage setting value maximum is limited to 250V.If the voltage value U of the super capacitor is big
In 50V, then microcontroller exports OFF signal control charger shutdown immediately, and after 30S, microcontroller exports ON signal controls again
Charger booting processed, and at this point, the voltage value of charger booting output is " U+50V ".
The application of the present invention, can make the output voltage of charger and the voltage difference of super capacitor be up to 50V, subtract significantly
Small impact of the charger to overcurrent protective device and super capacitor.
Claims (5)
1. the protection circuit of rush of current when reducing super capacitor charging, it is characterised in that：Including output current Acquisition Circuit, defeated
Go out voltage collection circuit, capacitance voltage sample circuit, microcontroller and pulse-width modulation circuit；The output current Acquisition Circuit is used
In the output current value of acquisition charger, output voltage Acquisition Circuit is used to acquire the output voltage values of charger, capacitance voltage
Sample circuit is used to acquire the voltage value of super capacitor；The input terminal of the microcontroller respectively with output current Acquisition Circuit, defeated
Go out voltage collection circuit to connect with capacitance voltage sample circuit, the input terminal of the output terminal connection pulse-width modulation circuit of microcontroller,
The output terminal connection charger of pulse-width modulation circuit；The pulse-width modulation circuit is used to that the output voltage values of charger to be controlled to be higher than
The actual voltage value certain value of super capacitor；
The output current Acquisition Circuit includes the tenth resistance R15 of resistance R10-the 15th, the second capacitance C2 and the second amplifier
U2；Negative pole end of the electrode input end of second amplifier U2 through the 14th resistance R14 connection super capacitors, the anode of the second amplifier U2
Input terminal is also grounded through the 15th resistance R15；The negative input of second amplifier U2 is grounded through the 12nd resistance R12；13rd
Resistance R13 is connected between the 14th resistance R14 and the 12nd resistance R12；11st resistance R11 is connected to the second amplifier U2's
Between the output terminal of negative input and the second amplifier U2；The output terminal of second amplifier U2 is successively through the tenth resistance R10 and second
Capacitance C2 is grounded, and output current of charger sampled signal OUT_I is derived from the connecting pin of the tenth resistance R10 and the second capacitance C2.
2. the protection circuit according to claim 1 for reducing rush of current when super capacitor charges, it is characterised in that：It is described
The output voltage values of charger are 50V with the pressure difference of super capacitor actual voltage value.
3. the protection circuit according to claim 2 for reducing rush of current when super capacitor charges, it is characterised in that：It is described
Switching on and shutting down control circuit is additionally provided between microcontroller and charger, for controlling the startup of charger and closing.
A kind of 4. method for reducing rush of current when super capacitor charges, which is characterized in that charger is under open state,
Super capacitor is accessed in charger circuit, then capacitance voltage sample circuit can detect the voltage value of super capacitor suddenly, if
When the voltage value U of the super capacitor is less than 50V, charger has output current, charges normal；Microcontroller passes through pulse-width modulation circuit
Output terminal PWM modulation signal controls the output voltage values of charger to increase on the basis of super capacitor real-time voltage value U
50V, charger charge to super capacitor with the electric current of the voltage of " U+50V ", 3A；It is single with the increase of super-capacitor voltage U'
Piece machine and pulse-width modulation circuit dynamic adjust the output voltage of charger, and the output voltage setting value for remaining charger is
" U'+ 50V ", output voltage setting value maximum are limited to 250V；If the voltage value U of the super capacitor is more than 50V, monolithic
Machine exports OFF signal control charger shutdown immediately, and after 30S, microcontroller exports the control charger booting of ON signals again,
And at this point, the voltage value of charger booting output is " U+50V "；
It is as follows：
A. under charger open state, the whether continuous 30S of detection output current of charger value is more than 50mA, enters step B in this way,
If not, charger is controlled to shut down and enters switching on and shutting down sub-process；
B. whether detection super-capacitor voltage value U is less than definite value Ue, carries out step C in this way, if not, control charger shutdown is gone forward side by side
Enter switching on and shutting down sub-process；
C. the output voltage values of control charger are U+Ue, and charger charges using 3A current values as super capacitor.
A kind of 5. method for reducing rush of current when super capacitor charges according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step
Switching on and shutting down sub-process is specially described in B：Under charger off-mode, super-capacitor voltage value U is detected, charger is controlled to export
In a state that voltage value is U+Ue, carry out to be charged；After continuing 30S, control charger booting.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510842465.6A CN105449814B (en) | 2015-11-29 | 2015-11-29 | The protection circuit and method of rush of current when reducing super capacitor charging |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510842465.6A CN105449814B (en) | 2015-11-29 | 2015-11-29 | The protection circuit and method of rush of current when reducing super capacitor charging |
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| CN105449814A CN105449814A (en) | 2016-03-30 |
| CN105449814B true CN105449814B (en) | 2018-06-19 |
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202395473U (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-08-22 | 东南大学 | Charging device for super capacitor |
| CN102684267A (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2012-09-19 | 无锡富洪科技有限公司 | Charging method and charging device for supercapacitor |
| CN103904628A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-02 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | Charger and over-current protection circuit thereof |
| CN104795876A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-22 | 湖北三江航天万峰科技发展有限公司 | Intelligent charging device based on multi-resonant topology |
| CN205178619U (en) * | 2015-11-29 | 2016-04-20 | 深圳市国耀电子科技股份有限公司 | Super capacitor charge protection circuit |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004336919A (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2004-11-25 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Capacitor charging circuit and semiconductor device with the same |
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2015
- 2015-11-29 CN CN201510842465.6A patent/CN105449814B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202395473U (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2012-08-22 | 东南大学 | Charging device for super capacitor |
| CN102684267A (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2012-09-19 | 无锡富洪科技有限公司 | Charging method and charging device for supercapacitor |
| CN103904628A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-02 | 深圳市海洋王照明工程有限公司 | Charger and over-current protection circuit thereof |
| CN104795876A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-07-22 | 湖北三江航天万峰科技发展有限公司 | Intelligent charging device based on multi-resonant topology |
| CN205178619U (en) * | 2015-11-29 | 2016-04-20 | 深圳市国耀电子科技股份有限公司 | Super capacitor charge protection circuit |
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