CN104355488A - Domestic sewage treatment method and domestic sewage treatment device - Google Patents
Domestic sewage treatment method and domestic sewage treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104355488A CN104355488A CN201410582305.8A CN201410582305A CN104355488A CN 104355488 A CN104355488 A CN 104355488A CN 201410582305 A CN201410582305 A CN 201410582305A CN 104355488 A CN104355488 A CN 104355488A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
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Abstract
The invention relates to a domestic sewage treatment method. The domestic sewage treatment method comprises the following steps: removing residues in domestic sewage, and filtering to obtain first pretreated domestic sewage; adjusting the pH value of the first pretreated domestic sewage to obtain second pretreated domestic sewage; adjusting the pH value of the second pretreated domestic sewage to obtain third pretreated domestic sewage; carrying out anaerobic cleaning treatment on the third pretreated domestic sewage to obtain fourth pretreated domestic sewage; carrying out aerobic decontamination treatment on the fourth pretreated domestic sewage to obtain fifth pretreated domestic sewage; carrying out concentration standing treatment on the fifth pretreated domestic sewage to obtain pretreated bottom mud and pretreated water; carrying out reverse osmosis treatment on the pretreated water to obtain clear water. According to the domestic sewage treatment method, acidity adjustment is carried out twice on the domestic sewage, heavy metals in the domestic sewage are removed, and then the reverse osmosis treatment is carried out, so that a domestic drinking standard is met. Moreover, the invention further provides a domestic sewage treatment device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sanitary sewage disposal field, particularly relate to one way of life sewage water treatment method and sewage treatment unit.
Background technology
The sanitary sewage produced in human lives's process is one of primary pollution source of water body, and it mainly comprises ight soil and washing sanitary sewage etc.The sanitary sewage amount that city is discharged everyone every day is 150L ~ 400L, and its amount has substantial connection with standard of living.Containing large amount of organic in sanitary sewage, as Mierocrystalline cellulose, starch, carbohydrate and fat protein etc.; Also often containing pathogenic bacteria, virus and parasitic ovum; The muriate of inorganic salts, vitriol, phosphoric acid salt, supercarbonate and sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and a small amount of heavy metal etc.
For the problems referred to above, current most of city is all provided with after sanitary sewage disposal point processes these sanitary sewages and is disposed to the external world again, to preserve the ecological environment.The sanitary sewage of city resident enters sewage treatment plants by pipeline, through processes such as oxygenation, stirring, fermentation, precipitations, sanitary sewage is become clean, free of contamination water, protects river course and urban water resource, protect environment.
But due to reasons such as precipitation and chemical reactions in the process of process sanitary sewage, can produce a large amount of solid impurities, these solid impurities can precipitate, and then create a large amount of mud.Containing a large amount of organic matters and n-p-k element in mud, COD value is higher, cannot reach discharging standards far away.City domestic sewage treatment plant is since setting up, and people are making great efforts to study the fertilizer how utilizing sanitary sewage disposal mud, particularly people to expect to manufacture with sanitary sewage disposal mud agriculture production use always.But excess sludge is usually containing a large amount of hazardous and noxious substances, as parasitic ovum, pathogenic micro-organism, heavy metal, and the organism of non-stabilization, if do not dealt carefully with and disposal, these mud are directly applied in crop, direct or potential pollution can be caused to environment.
Such as, Chinese patent 201310654721.X discloses a kind of processing method of sewage disposal, it specifically discloses a kind of processing method of sewage disposal, water sampling 1000mL, adds lime slurry and stirs, add coagulating agent again to stir, then settlement separate after adding PAM solution stirring, get supernatant liquor 900mL, after KMn04 oxidation, dosing coagulation again, gets that supernatant liquor carries out filtering, activated carbon adsorption.Present invention process is simple, and occupation area of equipment is little, economical rationality compared with other sewage water treatment method domestic at present.
Such as, Chinese patent 201210489896.5 discloses a kind of sewage water treatment method, it specifically discloses environmental protection technical field, a kind of sewage water treatment method specifically, concrete steps are: sewage is inputed to mechanical grille, the equalizing tank that catchments is entered by the sewage of mechanical grille, again the sewage catchmented in equalizing tank is inputed to sewage cooling tower, sewage through cooling tower cooling inputs to coagulative precipitation tank, sewage through coagulating sedimentation enters to CASS pond, the sewage processed through CASS pond is through biological filter, finally obtain the water processed.The invention has the advantages that described sewage water treatment method impact load is adaptable, not easily sludge bulking occurs, floor space is little, simple and convenient management.
But above-mentioned disclosed patent still cannot solve and reduce heavy metal concentration in sanitary sewage and the COD technical problem to emission standard simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, be necessary to provide a kind of domestic sewage processing method and the sewage treatment unit that effectively can reduce COD and heavy metal content.
One way of life sewage water treatment method, comprises the steps:
Sanitary sewage is removed the gred, and filters, obtain the first Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage;
Regulate the potential of hydrogen of described first Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage, after leaving standstill, obtain the second Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage;
Regulate the potential of hydrogen of described second Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage, after leaving standstill, obtain the 3rd Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage;
After described 3rd Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage is carried out anaerobism decontamination process, obtain the 4th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage;
After described 4th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage is carried out aerobic decontamination process, obtain the 5th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage;
After described 5th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage being carried out concentrated standing process, obtain pre-treatment bed mud and pretreated water;
After described pretreated water is carried out reverse-osmosis treated, obtain water purification.
One way of life waste disposal plant comprises sanitary sewage manifold trunk, slagging-off lift, filter cloth, soda acid hold-up vessel, the first acid-alkali accommodation pond, the second acid-alkali accommodation pond, anaerobism decontamination tank, aerobic decontamination tank, blower chamber, concentration tank and reverse-osmosis treated pond;
Described slagging-off lift is arranged at the opening end of described sanitary sewage manifold trunk, described filter cloth is filled with in described sanitary sewage manifold trunk, described first acid-alkali accommodation pond is communicated with described sanitary sewage manifold trunk one end away from described filter cloth, described soda acid hold-up vessel is communicated with the position that is communicated with of described first acid-alkali accommodation pond and sanitary sewage manifold trunk, described second acid-alkali accommodation pond is communicated with described first acid-alkali accommodation pond, described anaerobism decontamination tank is communicated with described second acid-alkali accommodation pond, described aerobic decontamination tank is communicated with described anaerobism decontamination tank and described blower chamber, described concentration tank is communicated with described aerobic decontamination tank, described reverse-osmosis treated pond is communicated with described concentration tank.
Wherein in an embodiment, some aeration tubes that described blower chamber comprises gas blower and is communicated with described gas blower, described some aeration tubes are arranged in described aerobic decontamination tank.
Wherein in an embodiment, some described aeration tubes are arranged at the bottom of described aerobic decontamination tank.
Wherein in an embodiment, aeration tube described in each offers an air outlet.
Wherein in an embodiment, some described aeration tubes are that array is arranged.
Wherein in an embodiment, described reverse-osmosis treated pond is communicated with the top of described concentration tank.
Wherein in an embodiment, described second acid-alkali accommodation pond is communicated with the top in described first acid-alkali accommodation pond.
Wherein in an embodiment, described sanitary sewage manifold trunk is communicated with the middle part in described first acid-alkali accommodation pond.
Wherein in an embodiment, described blower chamber is communicated with the bottom of described aerobic decontamination tank.
Above-mentioned domestic sewage processing method is by first carrying out twice acidity adjustment by sanitary sewage, after removing the heavy metal in sanitary sewage, again respectively by anaerobism decontamination process, aerobic decontamination process, under the effect of microorganism, organism in sanitary sewage is degraded, significantly reduce chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of sanitary sewage, also can kill the pathogenic bacteria of sanitary sewage simultaneously, virus and parasitic ovum etc., and then be separated through deposition, reverse-osmosis treated, to remove in sanitary sewage the impurity such as salt, it is made to reach life standard for drinking, be conducive to the recycling of resource.Owing to first having carried out heavy metals removal process to sanitary sewage, the mud produced in follow-up aerobic decontamination process thus also can not bring heavy metal into, namely can be used as agriculture bed mud after the mud drying obtained is pulverized, decrease the secondary pollution of mud, be conducive to the recycling of environmental protection and resource.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schema of the domestic sewage processing method of an embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the sewage treatment unit of an embodiment.
Embodiment
For enabling above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage become apparent more, are described in detail the specific embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Set forth a lot of detail in the following description so that fully understand the present invention.But the present invention can be much different from alternate manner described here to implement, those skilled in the art can when without prejudice to doing similar improvement when intension of the present invention, therefore the present invention is by the restriction of following public concrete enforcement.
As shown in Figure 1, the domestic sewage processing method of an embodiment comprises the steps:
S110: sanitary sewage slagging-off is pulverized, and filters, obtain the first Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage.
By sanitary sewage slagging-off is pulverized, can by the various food refuses in sanitary sewage, as: fritter Os Sus domestica, chicken bone, Fishbone, eggshell, melon skin, pericarp fruit stone, tealeaf residue, dish root leaf, coffee grounds, leftovers, odds and ends of a meal, crumb etc. are pulverized and are ground to form paste-like liquid, thus reduce the stink of sanitary sewage, be also conducive to the carrying out of follow-up domestic sewage treatment process simultaneously.
By by sanitary sewage filtration treatment, can by the macrobead suspended substance interception in sanitary sewage, thus avoid sanitary sewage and occur the blocking phenomenon such as stuck in the duct, ensure that sanitary sewage in the duct unimpeded, also reduce the burden of subsequent technique process simultaneously.
Such as, slagging-off lift is adopted to perform described step S110.
S120: the potential of hydrogen regulating the first Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage, after leaving standstill, obtains the second Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage.
Common, sanitary sewage is due to Cu
2+, Pb
2+, Cd
2+, Ni
2+, Co
2+and Cr
3+etc. heavy metal ion existence and in slightly acidic, by adding appropriate alkali, such as sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide etc., the potential of hydrogen of the first Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage can be regulated, make heavy metal ion with the form Precipitation of oxyhydroxide, by leaving standstill, making heavy metal ion farthest generate precipitation of hydroxide and separating out.
Because part heavy metal hydroxide is amphoteric substance, there is dissolution phenomena under strongly alkaline conditions.PH controls too low, and heavy metal ion can not Precipitation completely, and the too high metal hydroxides of pH just there will be anti-molten, and the heavy metal ion content in sanitary sewage solution is increased.
Such as, Cu
2+and Cr
3+the pH being applicable to precipitation is 6, and the pH reaching best precipitation is 11, when pH rises to 12, and the Cu (OH) of generation
2with Cr (OH)
3precipitation can be partly dissolved.Cd
2+, Ni
2+and Co
2+the pH being applicable to precipitation is 8, and the pH reaching best precipitation is 11, when pH rises to 12, and the Cd (OH) of generation
2, Ni (OH)
2with Co (OH)
2precipitation can be partly dissolved.
In order to make heavy metal precipitation Precipitation to a greater degree, such as, by pH regulator to 10 ~ 11 of the first Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage, the heavy metal ion in sanitary sewage, after sanitary sewage and alkali reacts, the Cu of the overwhelming majority
2+, Pb
2+, Cd
2+, Ni
2+, Co
2+and Cr
3+can respectively with Cu (OH)
2, Pb (OH)
2, Cd (OH)
2, Ni (OH)
2, Co (OH)
2with Cr (OH)
3formation Precipitation, the clearance of heavy metal can be made to reach more than 95% by step S120.
Be appreciated that, because heavy metal ion is because concentration is low or the reason such as medium, the particle generated is less and be difficult to precipitation, such as, adds flocculation agent toward the first Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage, as, cationic-type polyacrylamide (Polyacrylamide, PAM) and magnetic kind, like this, the small-particle throw out of generation can be made to deposit completely, farthest to remove the heavy metal in sanitary sewage.
S130: the potential of hydrogen regulating the second Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage, after leaving standstill, obtains the 3rd Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage.
Be appreciated that the second Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage has overregulated pH process, namely add alkaline matter, the second Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage can be made to be strong basicity.Add acidic substance again by step S130, and then regulate the potential of hydrogen of the second Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage, make the 3rd Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage be slightly acidic, for subsequent technique is prepared; Simultaneously, also the organism generation acidification reaction in sanitary sewage can be made, by the macromolecular chain organic destruction in sanitary sewage, the organism of complexity is converted into simpler organism, thus improve the biodegradability of sanitary sewage, for follow-up technique is provided as organism that is favourable and that be convenient to decomposition, also partial organic substances can be removed simultaneously.
In order to make organic acidification reaction in sanitary sewage thoroughly carry out, such as, the time of acidification reaction is 8h ~ 12h.
S140: after the 3rd Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage is carried out anaerobism decontamination process, obtain the 4th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage.
Be appreciated that COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), i.e. chemical oxygen demand (COD) is under certain conditions, when adopting certain strong oxidizer process water sample, and the oxidant content consumed.It is the index representing that in water, reducing substances is how many.Reducing substances in water has various organism, nitrite, sulfide, ferrous salt etc., but importantly organism.Therefore, chemical oxygen demand (COD) is again often as weighing the how many index of Organic substance in water matter content.Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is larger, illustrates that water body is more serious by organic pollution.
BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) or biochemical oxygen demand (referring generally to biochemical oxygen requirement on the five), represent a comprehensively instruction of the aerobic pollution matter content such as Organic substance in water.Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) refers under defined terms, the dissolved oxygen of the Biochemical processes consumption of some oxidizable species, particularly decomposing organic matter in microbial decomposition water.Refer to that water sample is full of in completely airtight dissolved oxygen bottle under normal circumstances, cultivate 5d the dark places of 20 DEG C, measure the mass concentration of dissolved oxygen in water sample before and after cultivating respectively, by the difference of the mass concentration of dissolved oxygen before and after cultivation, calculate the dissolved oxygen content that often liter of sample consumes, represent with BOD5 form.Its value higher explanation organic pollutants matter is more, pollutes also more serious.
3rd Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage is being carried out in the process of anaerobism decontamination process, based on the complicated organism in the 3rd Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage under the effect of anaerobion and facultative microbe, complicated organic substance decomposing becomes the materials such as methane, carbonic acid gas, water, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, thus effectively can reduce COD and BOD of sanitary sewage, greatly facilitate the reaction efficiency of follow-up aerobic decontamination, simultaneously, due to the effect of the factors such as anoxic, free ammonia and temperature in anaerobism decontamination treating processes, the pathogenic bacteria of sanitary sewage, virus and parasitic ovum etc. can be killed.
In order to ensure that anaerobion breeds better, such as, the temperature in anaerobism decontamination process being controlled at 5 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C, preferably, temperature being controlled at 20 DEG C ~ 40 DEG C.And for example, the pH value of the 3rd Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage in decontamination process is controlled 6.8 ~ 7.8, preferably, the pH of the 3rd Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage is controlled 7.2 ~ 7.6, thus anaerobion is bred better, improve organic degradation speed in the 3rd Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage.
S150: after the 4th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage is carried out aerobic decontamination process, obtain the 5th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage and active bed mud.
After the 4th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage is carried out aerobic decontamination process, under aerobic condition, organism in 4th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage fast degradation under the effect of aerobic autotrophic type microorganism, as the ammonia nitrogen in the 4th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage is converted into nitric nitrogen under the effect of nitrifier, phosphorus is absorbed by polyP bacteria, reduce further COD and BOD in sanitary sewage, make it reach emission standard.
In order to ensure that aerobic microbiological is bred better, such as, the DO value (dissolved oxygen content) controlled in aerobic decontamination process in the 4th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage is not less than 1mg/L.And for example, the temperature of reaction in aerobic decontamination process is controlled 20 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, like this, be conducive to the breeding of aerobic microbiological, improve organic degradation speed.
Because pH has important impact to aerobic decontamination process, e.g., when pH is less than 6.2, nitrifying process will be greatly affected, even stopped reaction.When pH higher than 8.6 time, the denitrogenation dephosphorizing performance of microorganism declines rapidly.Such as, regulate the pH value range of the 4th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage to be 6.2 ~ 8.6, can improve and organicly in the 4th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage remove phosphorus process.
S160: after the 5th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage being carried out deposit standing process, obtain pre-treatment bed mud and pretreated water.
Be appreciated that, after aerobic decontamination, amount of activated mud may be brought in 5th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage, in order to remove the active sludge in the 5th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage, such as, the 5th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage is left standstill, active sludge is deposited completely, and for example, leave standstill after adding flocculation agent in the 5th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage.
In order to make the active sludge in the 5th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage farthest deposit, such as, time of repose is 4h ~ 6h.
S170: after active bed mud and pre-treatment bed mud drying and crushing, obtain agricultural bed mud.
Be appreciated that in active bed mud and pre-treatment bed mud, water content is higher, has highly variable, directly can not use, need drying and other treatment.Such as, adopt spiral shell pressure dewaterer except the water in deactivation bed mud and pre-treatment bed mud, and for example, adopt centrifugal drier except the water in deactivation bed mud and the second pre-treatment, and for example, the water in active bed mud and pre-treatment bed mud removed by employing dryer, and for example, adopts nature to dry except the water in deactivation bed mud and pre-treatment bed mud.
S180: after pretreated water is carried out reverse-osmosis treated, obtain water purification.
By pretreated water is carried out reverse-osmosis treated, can by the impurity in pretreated water as soluble solids, organism, colloidalmaterial and bacterium etc. be then retained by reverse osmosis membrane, to obtain water purification.
Life standard for drinking is reached in order to make the water purification obtained, such as, pretreated water is adopted two-pass reverse osmosis process, pretreated water enters first-stage reverse osmosis treatment unit through high-pressure pump, obtain one-level pure water, one-level pure water is further across two-pass reverse osmosis treatment unit, and further desalination, obtains secondary pure water.The electrodeionization water purification conductance obtained thus reaches 8 μ s/cm, is better than Ministry of Health's bottled water standard for drinking.
Above-mentioned domestic sewage processing method is by first carrying out twice acidity adjustment by sanitary sewage, after removing the heavy metal in sanitary sewage, again respectively by anaerobism decontamination process, aerobic decontamination process, under the effect of microorganism, organism in sanitary sewage is degraded, significantly reduce chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of sanitary sewage, also can kill the pathogenic bacteria of sanitary sewage simultaneously, virus and parasitic ovum etc., and then be separated through deposition, reverse-osmosis treated, to remove in sanitary sewage the impurity such as salt, it is made to reach life standard for drinking, be conducive to the recycling of resource.Owing to first having carried out heavy metals removal process to sanitary sewage, the mud produced in follow-up aerobic decontamination process thus also can not bring heavy metal into, namely can be used as agriculture bed mud after the mud drying obtained is pulverized, decrease the secondary pollution of mud, be conducive to the recycling of environmental protection and resource.
Such as, in order to introduce above-mentioned domestic sewage processing method further, the present invention also provides one way of life waste disposal plant.
As shown in Figure 2, it is the structural representation of the sewage treatment unit 10 of an embodiment.
Refer to Fig. 2, sewage treatment unit 10 comprises sanitary sewage manifold trunk 100, slagging-off lift 200, filter cloth 300, acid-alkali accommodation pond 600, soda acid hold-up vessel 400, first acid-alkali accommodation pond 500, second, anaerobism decontamination tank 700, aerobic decontamination tank 800, blower chamber 900, sedimentation basin 900a, drying and crushing machine 900b and reverse-osmosis treated pond 900c.
Refer to Fig. 2, slagging-off lift 200 is arranged at the opening end of sanitary sewage manifold trunk 100, slagging-off lift 200 is by the various food refuses in sanitary sewage, as, fritter Os Sus domestica, chicken bone, Fishbone, eggshell, melon skin, pericarp fruit stone, tealeaf residue, dish root leaf, coffee grounds, leftovers, odds and ends of a meal and crumb etc. are pulverized and are ground to form paste-like liquid, thus reduce the stink of sanitary sewage, be also conducive to the carrying out of subsequent step simultaneously.
Refer to Fig. 2, filter cloth 300 is arranged at sewage treatment unit 10 in sanitary sewage manifold trunk 100, after being positioned at slagging-off lift 200, the macrobead suspended substance in sanitary sewage is removed in order to interception, sanitary sewage manifold trunk 100 is made not easily to occur to block stuck problem, ensure that the unimpeded of sanitary sewage manifold trunk 100, effectively reduce the burden of subsequent technique section.
Refer to Fig. 2, soda acid hold-up vessel 400 is located at the junction in sanitary sewage manifold trunk 100 and the first acid-alkali accommodation pond 500, after filter cloth 300 is located in first acid-alkali accommodation pond 500, that is, sanitary sewage enters the first acid-alkali accommodation pond 500 after mixing with the solution in soda acid storage tank 400 after filter cloth 300.
In order to remove the heavy metal in sanitary sewage, such as, alkaline matter in soda acid storage tank 400, as, sodium hydroxide solution, aqua calcis etc., the first acid-alkali accommodation pond 500 is entered after being mixed with sanitary sewage by sanitary sewage manifold trunk 100, under the effect of alkaline matter, the heavy metal in sanitary sewage with the form Precipitation of oxyhydroxide, thus reaches the effect of removal heavy metal.
Because part heavy metal hydroxide is amphoteric substance, there is dissolution phenomena under strongly alkaline conditions.PH controls too low, and heavy metal ion can not Precipitation completely, and the too high metal hydroxides of pH just there will be anti-molten, and the heavy metal ion content in sanitary sewage solution is increased.
Such as, Cu
2+and Cr
3+the pH being applicable to precipitation is 6, and the pH reaching best precipitation is 11, when pH rises to 12, and the Cu (OH) of generation
2with Cr (OH)
3precipitation can be partly dissolved.Cd
2+, Ni
2+and Co
2+the pH being applicable to precipitation is 8, and the pH reaching best precipitation is 11, when pH rises to 12, and the Cd (OH) of generation
2, Ni (OH)
2with Co (OH)
2precipitation can be partly dissolved.
In order to make heavy metal precipitation Precipitation to a greater degree, such as, pH value of solution is adjusted to 10 ~ 11, the heavy metal ion in sanitary sewage, after sanitary sewage and alkali reacts, the Cu of the overwhelming majority
2+, Pb
2+, Cd
2+, Ni
2+, Co
2+and Cr
3+can respectively with Cu (OH)
2, Pb (OH)
2, Cd (OH)
2, Ni (OH)
2, Co (OH)
2with Cr (OH)
3formation Precipitation, the clearance of heavy metal reaches more than 95%.
In order to farthest remove the heavy metal ion in sanitary sewage, preferably, the first Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage is 24h ~ 36h in the residence time in the first acid-alkali accommodation pond 500.
In order to the alkaline solution and sanitary sewage that make soda acid storage tank 400 react more fully, such as, sanitary sewage manifold trunk 100 is communicated with the middle part in the first acid-alkali accommodation pond 500, thus the alkaline solution of soda acid storage tank 400 and sanitary sewage are reacted more fully.
It is pointed out that soda acid storage tank 400 can omit, such as, directly in the first acid-alkali accommodation pond 500, add alkali, such as, add the solid particulate such as sodium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide to regulate the pH value of sanitary sewage in the first acid-alkali accommodation pond.And for example, soda acid hold-up vessel is arranged at the first inside, acid-alkali accommodation pond.
In order to prevent heavy metal precipitation thing from entering follow-up sanitary sewage disposal process, such as, the second acid-alkali accommodation pond 600 is communicated with the top in the first acid-alkali accommodation pond 500.And for example, the first lift pump 510 is provided with on the top in the first acid-alkali accommodation pond 500, under the effect of lift pump 510, by the supernatant liquid suction second acid-alkali accommodation pond 600 in the first acid-alkali accommodation pond 500, thus avoid heavy metal precipitation thing and enter follow-up sanitary sewage disposal process.
Refer to Fig. 2, after the first acid-alkali accommodation pond 500, be also provided with the second acid-alkali accommodation pond 600.Be appreciated that sanitary sewage is strong basicity behind the first acid-alkali accommodation pond 500, be unfavorable for follow-up treating processes.In order to acidifying enters the sanitary sewage in the second acid-alkali accommodation pond 600, such as, acid solution is added in the second acid-alkali accommodation pond 600, with the sanitary sewage generation neutralization reaction entering the second acid-alkali accommodation pond 600, make to enter the second acid-alkali accommodation pond 600 in slightly acidic, also can make the organism generation acidification reaction in sanitary sewage simultaneously, by the macromolecular chain organic destruction in sanitary sewage, the organism of complexity is converted into simpler organism, thus improve the biodegradability of sanitary sewage, for providing more favorably in follow-up technique, be convenient to the organism decomposed, also partial organic substances can be removed simultaneously.
In order to the sanitary sewage and acid solution that make to enter the second acid-alkali accommodation pond 600 fully react, such as, whipping appts is provided with in second acid-alkali accommodation pond 600, by stirring, sanitary sewage and acid solution can be made fully to react, thus remove the organism of about about 20-30%, and the organism of complexity is converted into simpler organism, regulate the sanitary sewage water yield, homogenizing sanitary sewage water quality simultaneously.
Refer to Fig. 2, anaerobism decontamination tank 700 is communicated with after the second acid-alkali accommodation pond 600, by anaerobism decontamination pipe 700, complicated organism in sanitary sewage is under the effect of anaerobion and facultative microbe, resolve into the materials such as methane, carbonic acid gas, water, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, thus effectively can reduce COD and BOD of sanitary sewage, greatly facilitate the reaction efficiency of follow-up aerobic decontamination.
Retaining solid particulate and the suspended substance in sanitary sewage further and adhere to ground for microorganism provides, such as, in anaerobism decontamination tank 700, being filled with filler, as adopted modified poly ethylene filler.
In order to ensure that anaerobion breeds better, such as, the temperature of anaerobism decontamination tank 700 being controlled at 5 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C, preferably, temperature being controlled at 20 DEG C ~ 40 DEG C.And for example, the pH value in anaerobism decontamination tank 700 is controlled 6.8 ~ 7.8, preferably, the pH in anaerobism decontamination tank 700 is controlled 7.2 ~ 7.6, thus anaerobion is bred better, improve organic degradation speed in sanitary sewage.
Refer to Fig. 2, be communicated with aerobic decontamination tank 800 after anaerobism decontamination tank 700, blower chamber 900 is communicated with aerobic decontamination tank 800, for aerobic decontamination tank 800 provides sufficient oxygen.Under aerobic condition, organism in sanitary sewage fast degradation under the effect of aerobic autotrophic type microorganism, as, ammonia nitrogen in sanitary sewage is converted into nitric nitrogen under the effect of nitrifier, phosphorus is absorbed by polyP bacteria, reduce further COD and BOD in sanitary sewage, make it reach emission standard.
In order to ensure the dissolved oxygen of the abundance in sanitary sewage, as DO value is not less than 1mg/L, ensure that aerobic microbiological is bred better, such as, some aeration tubes 920 that blower chamber 900 comprises gas blower 910 and is communicated with gas blower 910, some aeration tubes 920 are arranged in aerobic decontamination tank 800, like this, when natural oxidation effect is undesirable, carry out micro-exposing to the sun, ensure the concentration of aerobic decontamination tank 800 dissolved oxygen.
In order to reach aeration effect better, such as, each aeration tube 920 offers an air outlet, and and for example, some aeration tubes 920 are arranged in array, like this, can reach aeration effect better.
Fully to mix with the mud in aerobic decontamination tank 800 to make sanitary sewage and contact, such as, bottom aerobic decontamination tank 800, whipping appts is set, like this, sanitary sewage can be made fully to contact with the mud in aerobic decontamination tank 800, organic speed in microbiological deterioration sanitary sewage in raising mud.
In order to ensure that aerobic microbiological is bred better, such as, the DO value controlling sanitary sewage in aerobic tank 800 is not less than 1mg/L.And for example, the temperature of reaction in aerobic decontamination tank 800 is controlled 20 DEG C ~ 30 DEG C, like this, be conducive to the breeding of aerobic microbiological, improve organic degradation speed.
Because pH has important impact to aerobic decontamination process.As when pH is less than 6.2, nitrifying process will be greatly affected, even stopped reaction.When pH higher than 8.6 time, the denitrogenation dephosphorizing performance of microorganism declines rapidly.Therefore, such as, regulate the pH value range of sanitary sewage in aerobic decontamination tank 800 to be 6.2 ~ 8.6, improve organic denitrogenation dephosphorizing process in sanitary sewage.
Refer to Fig. 2, after sedimentation basin 900a is located at aerobic decontamination tank 800.Be appreciated that, sanitary sewage is after aerobic decontamination tank, amount of activated mud may be brought into, in order to remove this part active sludge in sanitary sewage, such as, sanitary sewage is left standstill in sedimentation basin 900a, active sludge is deposited completely, and for example, in sanitary sewage, add flocculation agent, as rear in polyacrylamide (PAM) and sodium polyacrylate etc. standing.
In order to make the active sludge in sanitary sewage farthest deposit, such as, the residence time of sanitary sewage in sedimentation basin 900a is 4h ~ 6h.
Refer to Fig. 2, drying and crushing machine 900b is communicated with aerobic decontamination tank 800 and sedimentation basin 900a respectively.Mud in aerobic decontamination tank 800 and the mud bottom sedimentation basin 900a, after drying and crushing machine 900b, can be used as agriculture bed mud.
Be appreciated that the mud in aerobic decontamination tank 800 and the sludge moisture content bottom sedimentation basin 900a higher, there is highly variable, directly can not use, need drying and other treatment.Such as, adopt spiral shell pressing type dewatering device to dewater, and for example, adopt centrifugal drying device to dewater, and for example, adopt drying unit to dewater, and for example, also adopt nature to dry and dewater.
Because the mud of the mud in aerobic decontamination tank 800 and sedimentation basin 900a is due to self action of gravity, generally can be deposited into bottom, such as, drying and crushing machine 900b is communicated with the bottom of aerobic decontamination tank 800 and the bottom of sedimentation basin 900a respectively.
Refer to Fig. 2, reverse-osmosis treated pond 900c is communicated with sedimentation basin 900a, by the sanitary sewage in sedimentation basin 900a is carried out reverse-osmosis treated, the impurity in sanitary sewage is then retained by reverse osmosis membrane as soluble solids, organism, colloidalmaterial and bacterium etc., can obtain water purification.
Life standard for drinking is reached in order to make the water purification obtained, such as, sanitary sewage in sedimentation basin 900a is adopted two-pass reverse osmosis process, sanitary sewage in sedimentation basin 900a enters first-stage reverse osmosis treatment unit through high-pressure pump, obtain one-level pure water, one-level pure water is further across two-pass reverse osmosis treatment unit, and further desalination, obtains secondary pure water.The electrodeionization water purification conductance obtained thus reaches 8 μ s/cm, is better than Ministry of Health's bottled water standard for drinking.
Bring into reverse-osmosis treated pond 900c to prevent the mud in sedimentation basin 900a, increase the weight of the processing load of reverse-osmosis treated pond 900c, such as, reverse-osmosis treated pond 900c is communicated with the top of sedimentation basin 900a, like this, the mud in sedimentation basin 900a just can be avoided largely to bring into reverse-osmosis treated pond 900c.
Above-mentioned sewage treatment unit passes through first by sanitary sewage first acid-alkali accommodation pond, twice acidity adjustment is carried out in second acid-alkali accommodation pond, after removing the heavy metal in sanitary sewage, again respectively by anaerobism decontamination tank, aerobic decontamination tank, organism in sanitary sewage is degraded under the effect of microorganism, significantly reduce chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of sanitary sewage, also can kill the pathogenic bacteria of sanitary sewage simultaneously, virus and parasitic ovum etc., and then through sedimentation basin solid-liquid separation, the impurity such as salt are removed in sanitary sewage in the process of reverse osmosis pond, it is made to reach life standard for drinking, be conducive to the recycling of resource.Owing to first having carried out heavy metals removal process to sanitary sewage, the mud produced in follow-up aerobic decontamination tank thus also can not bring heavy metal into, namely can be used as agriculture bed mud after the mud drying obtained is pulverized, decrease the secondary pollution of mud, be conducive to the recycling of environmental protection and resource.
The above embodiment only have expressed several embodiment of the present invention, and it describes comparatively concrete and detailed, but therefore can not be interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the person of ordinary skill of the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. one way of life sewage water treatment method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Sanitary sewage is removed the gred, and filters, obtain the first Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage;
Regulate the potential of hydrogen of described first Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage, after leaving standstill, obtain the second Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage;
Regulate the potential of hydrogen of described second Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage, after leaving standstill, obtain the 3rd Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage;
After described 3rd Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage is carried out anaerobism decontamination process, obtain the 4th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage;
After described 4th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage is carried out aerobic decontamination process, obtain the 5th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage;
After described 5th Pretreatment of Domestic Sewage being carried out concentrated standing process, obtain pre-treatment bed mud and pretreated water;
After described pretreated water is carried out reverse-osmosis treated, obtain water purification.
2. one way of life waste disposal plant, it is characterized in that, comprise sanitary sewage manifold trunk, slagging-off lift, filter cloth, soda acid hold-up vessel, the first acid-alkali accommodation pond, the second acid-alkali accommodation pond, anaerobism decontamination tank, aerobic decontamination tank, blower chamber, concentration tank and reverse-osmosis treated pond;
Described slagging-off lift is arranged at the opening end of described sanitary sewage manifold trunk, described filter cloth is filled with in described sanitary sewage manifold trunk, described first acid-alkali accommodation pond is communicated with described sanitary sewage manifold trunk one end away from described filter cloth, described soda acid hold-up vessel is communicated with the position that is communicated with of described first acid-alkali accommodation pond and sanitary sewage manifold trunk, described second acid-alkali accommodation pond is communicated with described first acid-alkali accommodation pond, described anaerobism decontamination tank is communicated with described second acid-alkali accommodation pond, described aerobic decontamination tank is communicated with described anaerobism decontamination tank and described blower chamber, described concentration tank is communicated with described aerobic decontamination tank, described reverse-osmosis treated pond is communicated with described concentration tank.
3. sewage treatment unit according to claim 2, is characterized in that, some aeration tubes that described blower chamber comprises gas blower and is communicated with described gas blower, and described some aeration tubes are arranged in described aerobic decontamination tank.
4. sewage treatment unit according to claim 3, is characterized in that, some described aeration tubes are arranged at the bottom of described aerobic decontamination tank.
5. sewage treatment unit according to claim 4, is characterized in that, aeration tube described in each offers an air outlet.
6. sewage treatment unit according to claim 5, is characterized in that, some described aeration tubes are that array is arranged.
7. sewage treatment unit according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described reverse-osmosis treated pond is communicated with the top of described concentration tank.
8. sewage treatment unit according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described second acid-alkali accommodation pond is communicated with the top in described first acid-alkali accommodation pond.
9. sewage treatment unit according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described sanitary sewage manifold trunk is communicated with the middle part in described first acid-alkali accommodation pond.
10. sewage treatment unit according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described blower chamber is communicated with the bottom of described aerobic decontamination tank.
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