CN104317005A - Wavelength choice photoswitch based on tunable micro-ring resonators - Google Patents
Wavelength choice photoswitch based on tunable micro-ring resonators Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/351—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements
- G02B6/3532—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements the optical element being a wavelength independent filter or having spatially dependent transmission properties, e.g. neutral filter or neutral density wedge substrate with plurality of density filters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/351—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements
- G02B6/3534—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements the optical element being diffractive, i.e. a grating
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wavelength choice photoswitch based on tunable micro-ring resonators, wherein each tunable micro-ring resonator only acts on one specific wavelength, and each tunable micro-ring resonator enables the propagation direction of light with a specific wavelength entering the input end of the tunable micro-ring resonator to be unchanged or deviate so that light path switching can be achieved. The wavelength choice photoswitch comprises two tunable micro-ring resonator arrays, wherein the first tunable micro-ring resonator array is a one-dimensional array, the number of the tunable micro-ring resonators in the first tunable micro-ring resonator array is equal to the number of wavelengths contained in input optical signals, and the tunable micro-ring resonators in the first tunable micro-ring resonator array work independently to separate the input light signals one by one according to the wavelength; the second tunable micro-ring resonator array is a two-dimensional array, the number of lines of the two-dimensional array is equal to the number of output ports of the wavelength choice photoswitch, the number of columns of the two-dimensional array is equal to the number of wavelengths contained in the input optical signals, the two-dimensional tunable micro-ring resonator array works in a cooperative mode to recombine the optical signals, obtained after separation conducted by the one-dimensional array according to the wavelength, according to the wavelength freely, and then light is output through the output end of the wavelength choice photoswitch.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber communication, particularly relate to a kind of wavelength selecting optical switch based on tunable micro-ring resonator.
Background technology
Wavelength-division multiplex (WDM, Wavelength-Division Multiplexing) optical fiber telecommunications system has become the basic platform of modern high speed and wide band communication network.As the nucleus equipment of optical fiber telecommunications system, the use of Reconfigurable Optical Add/drop Multiplexer (ROADM, Reconfigurable Optical Add-Drop Multiplexer) brings the reduction of facility that more business carry out and operation cost to the operation of network.ROADM to carry out point inserting with multiplexing to signal in units of wavelength in area of light, and because of its transparency, dirigibility and extensibility, it is more and more subject to the favor of Virtual network operator.
The core devices of ROADM equipment is through development for many years, successively have passed through wavelength blocker (WB, Wavelength Blocker), the development of planar optical waveguide ROADM (PLC-ROADM, Planar LightwaveCircuit ROADM) two generation techniques.Along with the appearance of wavelength selecting optical switch (WSS, Wavelength Selective Switch), ROADM system enters a brand-new developing stage.
Desirable reconfigurable optical network is can with any frequency interval (or straight-through) any wavelength in any direction up and down.For realizing this target, require that ROADM of future generation has following characteristic: wavelength independence (Colorless): each port can carry any wavelength; Direction independence (Directionless): wavelength can realize the functions such as upper and lower and straight-through with any direction arbitrarily; Lothrus apterus (Contentionless): realize in any direction any wavelength up and down or straight-through; Flexible grid (Gridless): wavelength interval is adjustable flexibly.These features are generally collectively referred to as CDCG.
Wavelength-selective switches (WSS) is the essential elements realizing having the ROADM of future generation of CDCG feature, and it obtains the great attention of domestic and international optical communications industry, and many producers just carried out correlative study from 2010.U.S. JDSU has carried out correlative study the earliest, and 2012 start commercialization.U.S. Finisar, the companies such as Oclaro, Coadna have also carried out correlative study, are proposed the ROADM WSS device of future generation based on liquid crystal technology or MEMS technology.
In 2006, the people such as Australia Engana Pty company S.Frisken applied for based on liquid crystal on silicon without grid wavelength selecting optical switch patent " Wavelength selective reconfigurable optical cross-connect " (US 7,787,720).They carry out diffraction to the light beam in channel by proposition rib grid, and carry out angular adjustment with liquid crystal on silicon to the hot spot that diffraction is opened, and achieve port number 2 × 4, wavelength selecting optical switch that resolution is about 1nm.On the international optical fiber communication meeting (OFC2007) of 2007, the latest developments of S.Frisken to the wavelength-selective switches based on liquid crystal on silicon are summed up, point out based on liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS, Liquid Crystal on Silicon) wavelength-selective switches have less insertion loss and good filtering characteristic, and amplitude and phase adjusted can be carried out to any wavelength in each channel.
U.S.'s Bell Laboratory has applied for the patent (US 7 of " 1 × N wavelength selective switch " by name in 2004,689,073), subsequently on the international optical fiber communication meeting (OFC2012) of 2012, the researchist of Bell Laboratory proposes the folding wavelength selecting optical switch based on liquid crystal on silicon of two adjustment, they utilize the devices such as catoptron by light beam twice through LCoS, thus increase deflection angle and solve the problem of wavelength aliasing.
Fujitsu and NTT company have applied for utilizing MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) (MEMS) to realize patent " Wavelength selective MEMS switch " (European Patent Applicati on EP 1701580), " MEMS mirror and wavelength selection switch " (the Japanese Patent JP2008292951) of wavelength selecting optical switch respectively at 2005 and 2007.They are all adopt MEMS to instead of liquid crystal, and light splitting is still and is realized by grating.
Because above-mentioned published wavelength selecting optical switch all have employed body grating, liquid crystal or MEMS (micro electro mechanical system), and the optical system of lens composition, their volumes are large, and cost is high, poor stability, regulating and control difficulty.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of wavelength selecting optical switch based on tunable micro-ring resonator, can be large with solving existing wavelength selecting optical switch volume, the problems such as cost is high, poor stability, regulating and control difficulty.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
Input waveguide (1101), it has an input end (1102) and an output terminal (1103);
M and input waveguide (1101) in same plane and the first optical waveguide arranged in parallel (1111,1121 ..., 11M1):
N number of with input waveguide (1101) in same plane, and with orthogonal second optical waveguide of input waveguide (1101) (1211,1221 ..., 12N1);
At least N number of first ring optical waveguide (1301, 1302, 130N), wherein ring optical waveguide (130j, 1≤j≤N) and input waveguide (1101) and the second optical waveguide (12j1, 1≤j≤N) all in same plane, and with input waveguide (1101) and the second optical waveguide (12j1, 1≤j≤N) sidewall separation be all less than the first predetermined value, each first ring optical waveguide all with input waveguide (1101) close with it and the second optical waveguide (12j1, 1≤j≤N) form a first tunable micro-ring resonator, form N number of first tunable micro-ring resonator altogether,
At least M × N number of second ring optical waveguide (13ij1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N), wherein, second ring optical waveguide (13ij) and the first optical waveguide (11i1) and the second optical waveguide (12j1) are all in same plane, and be less than the second predetermined value with the sidewall separation of the first optical waveguide (11i1) and the second optical waveguide (12j1), each second ring optical waveguide all forms a second tunable micro-ring resonator with the first optical waveguide (11i1) close with it and the second optical waveguide (12j1), form M × N number of second tunable micro-ring resonator altogether,
Wherein, M, N are positive integer.
Outstanding advantages of the present invention is: adopt tunable micro-ring resonator as filtering and spectrophotometric unit, compared to utilizing body grating as filter unit, liquid crystal panel or the MEMS traditional wavelength selective optical switch implementation as spectrophotometric unit, the volume of this programme is less, integrated level is high, degree of stability is high, regulating and control advantage easily, is conveniently used directly in the structure of ROADM.Relative to disclosed patented claim, the outstanding advantages of this programme does not adopt discrete component, but adopt this integrated component of tunable micro-ring resonator.Made by semiconductor planar technique because whole device is integrated on certain material platform, whole device volume is little, and degree of stability is high, and it is convenient to control.
Accompanying drawing explanation
For further illustrating technology contents of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, content of the present invention is described in further detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is based on the structure schematic diagram that the wavelength selective optical of tunable micro-ring resonator is opened in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is structural representation and the typical, filtered curve synoptic diagram thereof of the tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of single disc waveguide in the present invention, wherein (a) and (b) is the structure of two kinds of tunable micro-resonators, and (c) and (d) is the filter curve figure corresponding to these two kinds of structures;
Fig. 3 is structural representation and the typical, filtered curve synoptic diagram thereof of the tunable micro-ring resonator formed by multiple disc waveguide cascades of connecting in the present invention; Wherein (a) and (b) is the structure of two kinds of tunable micro-resonators of even number disc waveguide series connection formation, c () and (d) are the structure of two kinds of tunable micro-resonators that odd number disc waveguide series connection is formed, (e) is filter curve figure when above-mentioned four kinds of structures are in resonant condition; F () above-mentioned four kinds of structures are in filter curve figure during non-resonant condition;
Fig. 4 is the wavelength selecting optical switch schematic diagram of the tunable micro-ring resonator adopting series cascading cascade to form in the present invention, and the disc waveguide number of wherein connecting is even number;
Fig. 5 is the wavelength selecting optical switch schematic diagram of the tunable micro-ring resonator adopting series cascading cascade to form in the present invention, and the disc waveguide number of wherein connecting is odd number;
Fig. 6 is the process flow diagram determining device resonant condition in the wavelength selecting optical switch based on tunable micro-ring resonator in the present invention;
Fig. 7 be in the embodiment of the present invention one can process 4 wavelength, have the tomb of 3 output ports in the wavelength selecting optical switch structural representation of tunable micro-ring resonator.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
Refer to shown in Fig. 1, the invention provides a kind of wavelength selecting optical switch based on tunable micro-ring resonator, comprising:
An input waveguide 1101, it has an input end 1102 and an output terminal 1103.The function of input waveguide 1101 is that light signal is constrained in its sandwich layer, transmits along the direction of the arrow in Fig..The Main Function of input waveguide 1101 is that the light signal received from the external world from input end 1102 inputs.The light signal entering this input end 1102 is pending multi-wavelength signals, and it comprises λ
1, λ
2..., λ
nn number of wavelength components altogether.
M and input waveguide 1101 in same plane and the optical waveguide 1111 arranged in parallel with input waveguide 1101,1121 ..., 11M1, their input end is respectively 1112,1122 ..., 11M2, output terminal is respectively 1113,1123 ..., 11M3.These optical waveguides have same sectional dimension with input waveguide 1101, are made by same material, and its function is also along direction of arrow transmitting optical signal.Their M output terminal is M output terminal of the wavelength selective optical switch that this programme proposes.
N number of with input waveguide 1101 in same plane, and with the orthogonal optical waveguide 1211 of input waveguide 1101,1221 ..., 12N1, its input end is respectively 1212,1222 ..., 12N2, output terminal is respectively 1213,1223 ..., 12N3.These optical waveguides have same sectional dimension with input waveguide 1101, are made by same material, and its function is also along direction of arrow transmitting optical signal.For optical waveguide 12j1, if having optical signal transmission inside it, then the wavelength of this light signal is λ
j.
N number of ring optical waveguide 1301,1302 ..., 130N.So-called ring optical waveguide is exactly the optical waveguide of end to end formation, after light is coupled into disc waveguide from the external world by close mode, can propagate circularly wherein.In ring optical waveguide, the light of circulating propagation has the energy loss that radiation loss brings.In ring optical waveguide, the light of circulating propagation has portion of energy when running into the optical waveguide of closing on ring optical waveguide and is coupled out, and enters this and closes on waveguide.For this N number of ring optical waveguide, 130j (1≤j≤N) and input waveguide 1101 and optical waveguide 12j1 are all in same plane, and be all less than 1 micron with their sidewall separation, each ring optical waveguide all has the energy exchange of more than 0.01% with two close with it optical waveguides, and three forms a tunable micro-ring resonator.Each tunable micro-ring resonator comprises 1 described ring optical waveguide 130j, and described ring optical waveguide 130j is positioned at the second quadrant of the decussate texture of described input waveguide 1101 and optical waveguide 12j1 formation.The N number of ring optical waveguide closed on input waveguide 1101 participates in forming N number of tunable micro-ring resonator altogether.By this N number of ring optical waveguide 1301,1302 ..., 130N form N number of tunable micro-ring resonator respectively in wavelength X
1, λ
2..., λ
nplace has two kinds of switchable states: resonant condition and non-resonant condition.When tunable micro-ring resonator is in resonant condition, it can make lightray propagation direction partially turn 90 degrees, and enters in the waveguide vertical with former waveguide and transmits, and claims this process for downloading; When tunable micro-ring resonator is in non-resonant condition, it can make light signal still onwards transmission in former waveguide, claims this process to be straight-through.For this N number of tunable micro-ring resonator, when the tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of ring optical waveguide 130j (1≤j≤N) is in wavelength X
jwhen place is set to be in resonant condition, the wavelength in the multi-wavelength signals inputted by input end 1102 is λ
jlight signal can be downloaded in optical waveguide 12j1 and propagate forward.For this N number of tunable micro-ring resonator, when the tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of ring optical waveguide 130j (1≤j≤N) is in wavelength X
jwhen place is set to non-resonant condition, the wavelength in the multi-wavelength signals inputted by input end 1102 is λ
jthe light signal output terminal 1103 that can be transferred to optical waveguide 1101 export.In simple terms, the function of this N number of tunable micro-ring resonator is exactly that the multiple wavelength optical signal entered from input end 1102 is carried out light splitting by wavelength difference.
M × N number of ring optical waveguide 13ij (1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N), they form the matrix of a disc waveguide, and matrix size is M × N.Wherein, ring optical waveguide 13ij and optical waveguide 11i1 and optical waveguide 12j1 is all in same plane, and be less than 1 micron with their sidewall separation, each ring optical waveguide all has the energy exchange of more than 0.01% with two close with it optical waveguides, their threes form a tunable micro-ring resonator, and M × N number of ring optical waveguide participates in forming M × N number of tunable micro-ring resonator altogether.Each tunable micro-ring resonator comprises 1 described ring optical waveguide 13ij, and described ring optical waveguide 13ij is positioned at the fourth quadrant of the decussate texture that described input waveguide 11i1 and optical waveguide 12j1 is formed.This M × N number of tunable micro-ring resonator all has two kinds of switchable states: resonant condition and non-resonant condition; When tunable micro-ring resonator is in resonant condition, it can make lightray propagation direction partially turn 90 degrees, and enters in the waveguide vertical with former waveguide and transmits, and claims this process for downloading; When tunable micro-ring resonator is in non-resonant condition, it can make light signal still onwards transmission in former waveguide, claims this process to be straight-through.For this M × N number of tunable micro-ring resonator, when the tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of ring optical waveguide 13ij (1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N) is in resonant condition, the wavelength propagated in optical waveguide 12j1 is λ
jlight signal can be downloaded in optical waveguide 11i1 by this tunable micro-ring resonator, finally export from output port 11i3.When the tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of ring optical waveguide 13ij (1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N) is in non-resonant condition, the wavelength propagated in optical waveguide 12j1 is λ
jlight signal do not downloaded in optical waveguide 11i1 by it (namely complete straight-through process) through this tunable micro-ring resonator, but continue to propagate forward along optical waveguide 12j1, it is downloaded by follow-up tunable micro-ring resonator.In simple terms, the function of this M × N number of tunable micro-ring resonator be by light splitting after the light signal of N number of wavelength carry out packet assembling again, then export from M output port.
For the above-mentioned wavelength selecting optical switch based on tunable micro-ring resonator, wherein, if desired from output terminal 11i3 (1≤i≤M) output wavelength be λ
jthe light signal of (1≤j≤N), the tunable micro-ring resonator then needing to allow the tunable micro-ring resonator that is made up of ring optical waveguide 130j and ring optical waveguide 13ij form all is in humorous polarization state, and the wavelength in the multi-wavelength signals inputted by input end 1102 is λ
jlight signal will first be downloaded in straight wave guide 12j1 by the tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of ring optical waveguide 130j, then downloaded in straight wave guide 11i1 by the tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of ring optical waveguide 13ij, finally export from output terminal 11i3.
For the above-mentioned wavelength-selective switches based on tunable micro-ring resonator, wherein, exporting a certain wavelength if do not need from any output terminal 11i3 (1≤i≤M) is λ
jthe light signal of (1≤j≤N), then need to allow the tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of ring optical waveguide 130j be in anharmonic polarization state, namely this wavelength is λ
jthe light signal of (1≤j≤N) can not be downloaded to by the tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of ring optical waveguide 130j in optical waveguide 12j1 (1≤j≤N), but continues to propagate forward along optical waveguide 1101, finally exports from output terminal 1103.
Fig. 2 (a) and (b) structure of two kinds of tunable micro-ring resonators for the present invention relates to, two straight wave guides that they all comprise a disc waveguide and close on it, the principle of work of the two is identical.Claim in Fig. 2 (a) and (b) 203 and 210 to be input end, 204 and 211 is straight-through end, and 207 and 214 is downloading end.The filter curve of these two kinds of tunable micro-ring resonators see figure (
c), its implication is, if from input end 203 (or 210) input wide spectrum optical signal (so-called wide range, refer to containing continuous print different wave length light signal), then will obtain curve 215 straight-through end 204 (or 211), obtain curve 216 in downloading end 207 (or 214).The wavelength that in curve 216, spike place is corresponding is the resonance wavelength of micro-ring resonator.In other words, micro-ring resonator is at these wavelength place resonance.If the wavelength being input to the light signal of input end 203 (or 210) is resonance wavelength, so they will export from downloading end 207 (or 214).If be input to the wavelength non-resonant wavelengths of the light signal of input end 203 (or 210), so they will export from straight-through end 204 (or 211).By thermo-optic effect or electrooptical effect, we can move the filter curve of micro-ring resonator, and namely control it at certain wavelength place resonance or not resonance, this is tunable micro-ring resonator, and the path being realized light signal by it is switched.
For the structure shown in Fig. 2 (a), it is one total N number of in the present invention, and they are all adjacent with input waveguide 1101, and its function input end from Fig. 1 1102 is entered the multiple wavelength optical signal of device by wavelength light splitting.Its working method is: wavelength is that input light input end 203 from Fig. 2 of λ enters waveguide 202, if λ is the resonance wavelength of this tunable micro-ring resonator, light will export from downloading end 207, otherwise will export from straight-through end 204.
For the structure shown in Fig. 2 (b), it is a total M × N number of in the present invention, forms tunable micro-ring resonator matrix.Its function reconfigures by the light signal after wavelength light splitting.Its working method is: wavelength is that the input light of λ enters waveguide 209 from input end 210, if λ is the resonance wavelength of this tunable micro-ring resonator, light will export from downloading end 214, otherwise will export from straight-through end 211.
For above-mentioned tunable micro-ring resonator used, they only may make the light signal of its corresponding wavelength download (but when it is set to resonant condition), and to the light signal of other wavelength, they keep straight-through forever.
Alternatively, each tunable micro-ring resonator can also comprise the ring optical waveguide of multiple series connection.When each tunable micro-ring resonator comprises the ring optical waveguide of multiple series connection, can form flat-top filter curve, such wavelength is so not high to alignment request.For example, when variation of ambient temperature, filter curve can move, if top is too sharp, can cause undesired consequence.If two have flat characteristic, a little movement does not affect normal work.The example of multiple ring optical waveguide tunable micro-ring resonator in series is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 3 is structural representation and the typical, filtered curve synoptic diagram thereof of the tunable micro-ring resonator formed by multiple ring optical waveguide cascades of connecting.The tunable micro-ring resonator that Fig. 3 (a) and (b) are formed for even number disc waveguide series connection.For this situation, Fig. 3 (a) is used for forming the one-dimensional array containing N number of tunable micro-ring resonator.In Fig. 3 (a), 203 is input waveguide, and 204 is input end, and 205 is straight-through end, and 208 is downloading end.Fig. 3 (b) is used for forming the two-dimensional array containing M × N number of tunable micro-ring resonator.In Fig. 3 (b), 211 is input waveguide, and 212 is input end, and 213 is straight-through end, and 216 is downloading end.Filter curve schematic diagram when tunable micro-ring resonator in Fig. 3 (a) and (b) is in resonant condition is shown in Fig. 3 (e), Fig. 3 (f) between filter curve figure when being in non-resonant condition; Wherein 233 is straight-through end filter curve, and 234 is downloading end filter curve.
In embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of the present invention, when each of described N number of tunable micro-ring resonator comprises even number ring optical waveguide 130j, described even number ring optical waveguide 130j is positioned at the third quadrant of the decussate texture that input waveguide 1101 and optical waveguide 12j1 are formed; When each of described M × N number of tunable micro-ring resonator comprises even number ring optical waveguide 13ij, described even number ring optical waveguide 13ij is positioned at the first quartile of the decussate texture that input waveguide 11i1 and optical waveguide 12j1 is formed.
The tunable micro-ring resonator that Fig. 3 (c) and (d) are formed for odd number disc waveguide series connection.For this situation, Fig. 3 (c) is used for forming the one-dimensional array containing N number of tunable micro-ring resonator.In Fig. 3 (c), 218 is input waveguide, and 219 is input end, and 220 is straight-through end, and 223 is downloading end.Fig. 3 (d) is used for forming the two-dimensional array containing M × N number of tunable micro-ring resonator.In Fig. 3 (d), 227 is input waveguide, and 228 is input end, and 229 is straight-through end, and 232 is downloading end.Filter curve schematic diagram when tunable micro-ring resonator in Fig. 3 (c) and (d) is in resonant condition is shown in Fig. 3 (e), Fig. 3 (f) between filter curve figure when being in non-resonant condition; Wherein 233 is straight-through end filter curve, and 234 is downloading end filter curve.
In embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of the present invention, when each of described N number of tunable micro-ring resonator comprises odd number ring optical waveguide 130j, described odd number ring optical waveguide 130j is positioned at the second quadrant of the decussate texture that input waveguide 1101 and optical waveguide 12j1 are formed; When each of described M × N number of tunable micro-ring resonator comprises odd number ring optical waveguide 13ij, described odd number ring optical waveguide 13ij is positioned at the fourth quadrant of the decussate texture that input waveguide 11i1 and optical waveguide 12j1 is formed.
As can be seen from Fig. 3 (e), the tunable micro-ring resonator adopting this multiple disc waveguide series connection to be formed has smooth passband in downloading end, passband edge is comparatively steep, and these characteristics can make the light signal distortion of each wavelength less, and channel isolation is large simultaneously.
Fig. 4 is the structural drawing of the wavelength selecting optical switch that the tunable micro-ring resonator utilizing two disc waveguide series connection to be formed builds.The wherein numbering of each component units and the consistent of Fig. 1.When the disc waveguide number of connecting is even number, this structure is all adopted to realize wavelength selecting optical switch.
Fig. 5 is the structural drawing of the wavelength selecting optical switch that the tunable micro-ring resonator utilizing three disc waveguide series connection to be formed builds.Wherein consistent also with Fig. 1 of the numbering of each component units.When the disc waveguide number of connecting is odd number, this structure is all adopted to realize wavelength selecting optical switch.
Fig. 6 is the flow process determining device resonant condition in the wavelength selecting optical switch based on tunable micro-ring resonator.Tunable micro-ring resonator mentioned here can be made up of single disc waveguide, also can be to be connected by multiple disc waveguide to be formed.Pending multi-wavelength signals contains N number of discrete wavelength signals, needs their packet assemblings to form M output.
Fig. 7 is one can process 4 wavelength, has the specific embodiment of the wavelength selecting optical switch based on tunable micro-ring resonator of 3 output ports.Suppose that input optical signal comprises λ
1, λ
2, λ
3, λ
4four wavelength components, we wish that input light medium wavelength is λ
2light from 1103 export, wavelength is λ
1, λ
3light all from 1123 export, wavelength is λ
4light from 1133 export.So according to the flow process of Fig. 6, need to carry out following setting: the tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of disc waveguide 1302 is at λ
2locate not resonance, the tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of disc waveguide 1301,1303,1304 is respectively at λ
1, λ
3, λ
4place's resonance, the tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of disc waveguide 1321,1323 is respectively at λ
1, λ
3place's resonance, the tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of disc waveguide 1334 is at λ
4place's resonance.Other tunable micro-ring resonators do not mentioned are not resonance at the wavelength place of correspondence.So just, predetermined function can be realized.
For the above-mentioned wavelength selecting optical switch based on tunable micro-ring resonator, wherein comprise (M+1) × N number of tunable micro-ring resonator, they can realize by the material platforms such as lithium niobate, silicon, silicon dioxide, indium phosphide, gallium arsenide are made by semiconductor technology, their switchings between humorous polarization state and anharmonic polarization state can be realized by thermo-optic effect, also can be realized by electrooptical effect.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; be understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1., based on the wavelength selecting optical switch of tunable micro-ring resonator, comprising:
Input waveguide (1101), it has an input end (1102) and an output terminal (1103);
M and input waveguide (1101) in same plane and the first optical waveguide arranged in parallel (1111,1121 ..., 11M1);
N number of with input waveguide (1101) in same plane, and with orthogonal second optical waveguide of input waveguide (1101) (1211,1221 ..., 12N1);
At least N number of first ring optical waveguide (1301, 1302, 130N), wherein ring optical waveguide (130j, 1≤j≤N) and input waveguide (1101) and the second optical waveguide (12j1, 1≤j≤N) all in same plane, and with input waveguide (1101) and the second optical waveguide (12j1, 1≤j≤N) sidewall separation be all less than the first predetermined value, each first ring optical waveguide all with input waveguide (1101) close with it and the second optical waveguide (12j1, 1≤j≤N) form a first tunable micro-ring resonator, form N number of first tunable micro-ring resonator altogether,
At least M × N number of second ring optical waveguide (13ij1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N), wherein, second ring optical waveguide (13ij) and the first optical waveguide (11i1) and the second optical waveguide (12j1) are all in same plane, and be less than the second predetermined value with the sidewall separation of the first optical waveguide (11i1) and the second optical waveguide (12j1), each second ring optical waveguide all forms a second tunable micro-ring resonator with the first optical waveguide (11i1) close with it and the second optical waveguide (12j1), form M × N number of second tunable micro-ring resonator altogether,
Wherein, M, N are positive integer.
2. the wavelength selecting optical switch based on tunable micro-ring resonator according to claim 1, wherein, the light signal entering the input end (1102) of described input waveguide (1101) is pending multi-wavelength signals, and it comprises λ
1, λ
2..., λ
nthe light signal of N number of wavelength components altogether.
3. the wavelength selecting optical switch based on tunable micro-ring resonator according to claim 2, wherein, by N number of first ring optical waveguide (1301,1302 ..., 130N) N number of first tunable micro-ring resonator of forming is respectively in wavelength X
1, λ
2..., λ
nplace has two kinds of switchable states: resonant condition and non-resonant condition; When the first tunable micro-ring resonator is in resonant condition, it can make the lightray propagation direction of respective wavelength partially turn 90 degrees, and enters in the waveguide vertical with former waveguide and transmits, and claims this process for downloading; When the first tunable micro-ring resonator is in non-resonant condition, it can make the light signal of respective wavelength still onwards transmission in former waveguide, claims this process to be straight-through.
4. the wavelength selecting optical switch based on tunable micro-ring resonator according to claim 3, wherein, when the tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of jth the first ring optical waveguide (130j) is in wavelength X
jwhen place is set to be in resonant condition, the wavelength in the multi-wavelength signals inputted by the input end of input waveguide (1101) is λ
jlight signal can be downloaded in jth the second optical waveguide (12j1) and propagate forward, wherein 1≤j≤N.
5. the wavelength selecting optical switch based on tunable micro-ring resonator according to claim 3, wherein, when the first tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of jth the first ring optical waveguide (130j) is in wavelength X
jwhen place is set to non-resonant condition, the wavelength in the multi-wavelength signals inputted by the input end (1102) of input waveguide (1101) is λ
jlight signal can be transferred to input waveguide (1101) output terminal (1103) export, wherein 1≤j≤N.
6. the wavelength selecting optical switch based on tunable micro-ring resonator according to claim 2, wherein, by M × N number of second ring optical waveguide (13ij, 1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N) M × N number of second tunable micro-ring resonator of forming all has two kinds of switchable states: resonant condition and non-resonant condition; When tunable micro-ring resonator is in resonant condition, it can make lightray propagation direction partially turn 90 degrees, and enters in the waveguide vertical with former waveguide and transmits, and claims this process for downloading; When tunable micro-ring resonator is in non-resonant condition, it can make light signal still onwards transmission in former waveguide, claims this process to be straight-through.
7. the wavelength selecting optical switch based on tunable micro-ring resonator according to claim 6, wherein, when by (i, j), when the second tunable micro-ring resonator that individual second ring optical waveguide (13ij) is formed is in resonant condition, the wavelength propagated in jth the second optical waveguide (12j1) is λ
jlight signal can be downloaded in i-th the first optical waveguide (11i1) by this second tunable micro-ring resonator, finally export from its output port, 1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N.
8. the wavelength selecting optical switch based on tunable micro-ring resonator according to claim 6, wherein, when by (i, j), when the second tunable micro-ring resonator that individual second ring optical waveguide (13ij) is formed is in non-resonant condition, the wavelength propagated in jth the second optical waveguide (12j1) is λ
jlight signal will do not downloaded in i-th the first optical waveguide (11i1) by it through this second tunable micro-ring resonator, but continue to propagate forward along jth the second optical waveguide (12j1), until downloaded by follow-up tunable micro-ring resonator, 1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N.
9. the wavelength selecting optical switch based on tunable micro-ring resonator according to claim 1, wherein, if desired from i-th output terminal output wavelength of described wavelength selecting optical switch be λ
jlight signal, then need to allow the first tunable micro-ring resonator and the (i be made up of jth the first ring optical waveguide 130j, j) the second tunable micro-ring resonator that individual second ring optical waveguide (13ij) is formed all is in humorous polarization state, and the wavelength in the multi-wavelength signals inputted by the input end of input waveguide (1101) is λ
jlight signal will first be downloaded in jth the second optical waveguide 12j1 by the first tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of a jth ring optical waveguide (130j), then by by (i, j) the second tunable micro-ring resonator that individual second ring optical waveguide (13ij) is formed downloads in i-th the first optical waveguide (11i1), finally exports from i-th output terminal (11i3) of described wavelength selecting optical switch; Wherein, 1≤i≤M, 1≤j≤N.
10. the wavelength-selective switches based on tunable micro-ring resonator according to claim 1, wherein, exporting a certain wavelength if do not need from i-th output terminal (11i3) of described wavelength selecting optical switch is λ
jlight signal, then need to allow the first tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of jth the first ring optical waveguide (130j) be in anharmonic polarization state, namely this wavelength is λ
jlight signal can not be downloaded to by the first tunable micro-ring resonator be made up of jth the first ring optical waveguide (130j) in jth the second optical waveguide (12j1), but continue to propagate forward along input waveguide (1101), finally export from the output terminal 1103 of input waveguide (1101).
11. wavelength selecting optical switches based on tunable micro-ring resonator according to claim 1, wherein, in described each first tunable micro-ring resonator the number of the first ring optical waveguide to be x, x be more than or equal to 1 integer; When x is odd number, described first ring optical waveguide is positioned at the second quadrant of the decussate texture of the first optical waveguide and the formation of the second optical waveguide; When x is even number, described first ring optical waveguide is positioned at the third quadrant of the decussate texture of the first optical waveguide and the formation of the second optical waveguide.
12. wavelength selecting optical switches based on tunable micro-ring resonator according to claim 1, wherein, in described each second tunable micro-ring resonator the number of the second ring optical waveguide to be y, y be more than or equal to 1 integer; When y is odd number, described second ring optical waveguide is positioned at the fourth quadrant of the decussate texture of the first optical waveguide and the formation of the second optical waveguide; When x is even number, described second ring optical waveguide is positioned at the first quartile of the decussate texture of the first optical waveguide and the formation of the second optical waveguide.
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