Straw-based panel and production method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to wood-based plate and manufacture field, particularly relate to a kind of straw-based panel and life thereof
Product method.
Background technology
Agricultural crop straw is the Renewable resource of a kind of preciousness, and the annual agricultural crop straw yield of China is 7
About hundred million tons.But for a long time owing to being affected by consumption idea and life style, China's straw from village
Resource is completely in high consumption, high pollution, the situation of low output, considerable a part of agricultural crop straw
Thrown aside or burned, do not obtain rational exploitation and utilization, and this is renewable to make full use of straw
One of resource effective way solving shortage of resources beyond doubt.Use agricultural crop straw manufactures wood-based plate
One of them truly feasible and project of industrialization.
But the present situation of artificial board of straw industry also allows of no optimist, and bottleneck therein is that the fiber section of preparation
Equipment is complicated, fault rate is high, and energy consumption remains high.Straw is different from timber, and straw is elongated, has chamber
Body, there is wax coat on surface, and quality is pliable and tough, selecting and the production efficiency production to stalk board of equipment of getting the raw materials ready
Extremely important.
Such as, traditional wood-base fibre and particle panel material produces, and particieboard uses chipper, i.e. with the side of cutting
Formula, and feature based on straw, then cannot use chipper, and many employing impact type hammers are broken and use screen cloth
Mode.But, from the point of view of this mode of getting the raw materials ready is for the preparation efficiency of stalk fibre, and straw itself
Moisture content, resting period, impurity content have close relationship, and the screen cloth that disintegrating apparatus is equipped with is especially
There is direct relation.And, the thickness of screen cloth directly affects again the distribution of fiber granularity, thus affects
The properties of product of artificial board of straw.Simultaneously as straw elongated flexible, it is all very thin cylinder, pulverizes
Stalk fibre the most also there is the feature of elongated flat, stalk fibre the most how long all has because it is thin
Long or flat feature and through disintegrator sieving net, especially cause with blower fan under the impact of hammer leaf
Under the traction of negative pressure, even if so the little generation also inevitably having thick material of screen cloth, this is also straw
Stalk prepares another feature of fiber.
And the purchase quality of straw cannot be guaranteed, then certainly will require that a lot of equipment goes to solve this difficult
Topic.Such as it is dried to reduce moisture content, uses multiple stage pulverizer to ensure crushing quantity of fiber etc..As
Straw is not carried out homogeneous or dry by fruit, then the moisture content undulatory property of straw is very big, if above
20%, pulverizing will be the most difficult.The many employings of existing stalk crasher have the hammer type crushing of screen cloth
Machine, the little then production efficiency of sieve aperture is low, if moisture content of straws is high or has foreign body, arise that vexed car or
Person damages the phenomenon of screen cloth;Sieve aperture is excessive, has a strong impact on physicochemical property and the surface quality of sheet material.
Line prepared by the fiber that existing stalk board production line is the most all provided with watch core layer different, because watch core
Form and the prescription of layer raw material are different.Especially artificial board of straw top layer veneer to be done, mopping etc.
Processing, compacts therefore it is required that top layer is the finest and closely woven, so top layer uses the thinnest screen cloth.And beating crusher hammer
Broken fiber broad particle distribution, does not meets the requirement that watch core layer is different to fibre fineness simultaneously.Even if point
Watch core layer is each pulverized, and such as top layer still suffers from some thick material and occurs on plate surface, from
And affect the facing application of sheet material.Meanwhile, almost without fines inside sandwich layer, and the specific surface of fines
Greatly, can substantial amounts of consumption adhesive.And, tiny screen cloth then adds pulverizing difficulty, especially straw
In the case of the moisture content of stalk can not be guaranteed, causing yielding poorly, equipment fault takes place frequently, and seriously constrains
The production capacity of straw-based panel production line.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of straw-based panel and producer thereof
Method, to improve the production efficiency of stalk board, reduces production cost.
Based on above-mentioned purpose, the production method of the straw-based panel that the present invention provides includes following step
Rapid:
1) straw is cut into the careless section of a length of 20~40mm, the moisture content of described grass section be 12~
20%;
2) pulverizer using mesh size to be 5~10mm pulverizes described grass section, the fiber grain after pulverizing
Footpath size meets normal distribution, and the span of μ is 0.2~1.0mm, the span of σ be 0.2~
0.6mm;
3) using screening plant that the fibre fractionation after described pulverizing becomes coarse fodder and fines, described coarse fodder is with thin
The mass ratio of material is 1~2:1~2;
4) coarse fodder and fines it are separately dried, by the moisture control of coarse fodder 8~14%, fines aqueous
Rate controls 10~14%;
5) with dried coarse fodder as core layer raw material, with dried fines for top layer raw material, carry out successively
Applying glue, mat formation, precompressed, hot pressing, post processing, obtain described straw-based panel.
Alternatively, in step 2) in, the screening value of the fiber after described pulverizing is:
It is preferred that in step 3) in, the screening value of described coarse fodder is:
The screening value of described fines:
Preferably, in step 2) in, the screening value of the fiber after described pulverizing is:
In step 3) in, the screening value of described coarse fodder is:
The screening value of described fines:
Alternatively, the moisture content of described grass section is 14~18%.
Alternatively, described pulverizer one in impact type beating crusher and ring type polisher.
It is preferred that described screening plant is selected from vibrosieve, the one in rotary screen and wind power sieving apparatus.
Preferably, the moisture control of described coarse fodder is 8~12%, and the moisture control of described fines exists
11~12%.
Alternatively, use pneumatic drier or rotor-type drier that coarse fodder and fines are dried respectively.
The present invention also provides for a kind of straw-based panel, and described straw-based panel is according to above-mentioned
The production method of straw-based panel prepares.
From the above it can be seen that the production method of the straw-based panel of present invention offer is standby
Material section is regardless of watch core layer, but first uses powerful large aperture screen pulverizer to unify grass section
Pulverize, then the fiber after pulverizing is sieved into watch core layer through sifting out, it is ensured that the agricultural crop straw after screening
Wood-based plate table core layer raw material meets different fractions distribution requirements.
Thick wood shavings are not had, it is ensured that the apparent mass of straw-based panel and facing inside top layer
Energy;And inside sandwich layer, there is no meticulous fiber, it is also possible to reduce glue consumption.
Most importantly improve the production efficiency of pulverizer, simultaneously the fractions distribution of fiber more rationally and
Guaranteed property, it is ensured that the apparent mass of straw-based panel and physicochemical property, reduces because of top layer
The defective defect rate caused.
Straw is different from timber, has cavity, surface to have wax coat, and quality is pliable and tough, and pulverizer uses punching
Hit formula beater grinder, and the screen cloth of pulverizer directly affects the production efficiency of pulverizer.The present invention uses
Powerful mesh size is the pulverizer pulverizing of 5~10mm, it is possible to reduce the use number of units of pulverizer,
Decrease mechanical mass and wind power transmission device, simplify Production Line Configured and control system, reduce and produce
Energy consumption, and decrease the probability of stalk fibre blocking screen cloth, pulverizer is almost without blocking screen cloth, vexed
Car phenomenon, thus significantly improve production efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the fiber after the embodiment of the present invention is pulverized and is sieved into the fiber after watch core layered material before screening
Fractions distribution schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with being embodied as
Example, and referring to the drawings, the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1
As embodiments of the invention, the production method of described straw-based panel includes following step
Rapid:
(1) use chaffcutter that wheat straw straw is cut into the careless section of 30mm, and control the aqueous of described grass section
Rate is about 18%.
(2) described grass section pulverized by the pulverizer using powerful mesh size to be about 8mm, after pulverizing
Fiber diameter size meet normal distribution, as shown in Figure 1.
Specifically, the mesh number of the fibre fineness vibrations standard screen after pulverizing represents, the fiber after pulverizing
Screening value see table:
Sieve-type (mesh) |
~+12 |
-12~+20 |
-20~+40 |
-40~+60 |
-60~+80 |
-80~+100 |
-100~ |
Mass ratio % |
0.32 |
5.31 |
28.75 |
44.33 |
14.78 |
5.31 |
1.20 |
In the present embodiment, using 32 × 132 twin shaft beater grinders, every pulverizer volume of production is
4 ton hour, the general power of 3 pulverizers is 792KW.Pulverizer is almost without blocking screen cloth, vexed
Car phenomenon.
(3) fibre fractionation after described pulverizing is become thick by the rotary screen using mesh size to be about 8mm
Material and fines.In the present embodiment, the coarse fodder of sorting is 1:1 with the mass ratio of fines.
Wherein, the screening value of described coarse fodder see table:
Sieve-type (mesh) |
~+12 |
-12~+20 |
-20~+40 |
-40~+60 |
-60~+80 |
-80~+100 |
-100~ |
Mass ratio % |
0.63 |
10.15 |
40.36 |
39.18 |
8.28 |
1.34 |
0.06 |
The screening value of described fines see table:
Sieve-type (mesh) |
~+12 |
-12~+20 |
-20~+40 |
-40~+60 |
-60~+80 |
-80~+100 |
-100~ |
Mass ratio % |
0.01 |
0.47 |
17.14 |
49.48 |
21.28 |
9.28 |
2.34 |
It should be noted that "~+12 " represent the material that can not pass through below 12 mesh sieves and 12 mesh sieves,
"-12~+20 " represent the material that can pass through 12 mesh sieves but can not pass through 20 mesh sieves, and "-20~+40 " represent
Can pass through 20 mesh sieves but can not pass through the material of 40 mesh sieves, "-40~+60 " represent can pass through 400 mesh sieves
But can not be by the material of 6 mesh sieves, "-60~+80 " expression can be passed through 60 mesh sieves but can not pass through 80 mesh
The material of sieve, "-80~+100 " represent the material that can pass through 80 mesh sieves but can not pass through 100 mesh sieves, "-
100~" represent the material that can pass through more than 100 mesh sieves and 100 mesh sieves.
4) coarse fodder and fines it are separately dried, by the moisture control of coarse fodder 8~14%, fines aqueous
Rate controls 11~14%;
5) with dried coarse fodder as core layer raw material, with dried fines for top layer raw material, carry out successively
Applying glue, mat formation, precompressed, hot pressing, post processing, obtain described straw-based panel.These crops
Artificial board of straw top layer because of big wood shavings and the disqualification rate that causes accounts for 0.1%.
Embodiment 2
As embodiments of the invention, the production method of described straw-based panel includes following step
Rapid:
(1) use chaffcutter that wheat straw straw is cut into the careless section of 33mm, and control the aqueous of described grass section
Rate is about 17.5%.
(2) described grass section pulverized by the pulverizer using powerful mesh size to be about 7mm, after pulverizing
Fiber diameter size meet normal distribution, as shown in Figure 1.
Specifically, the mesh number of the fibre fineness vibrations standard screen after pulverizing represents, the fiber after pulverizing
Screening value see table:
Sieve-type (mesh) |
~+12 |
-12~+20 |
-20~+40 |
-40~+60 |
-60~+80 |
-80~+100 |
-100~ |
Mass ratio % |
0.3 |
5.58 |
28.65 |
45.62 |
14.07 |
4.62 |
1.16 |
In the present embodiment, using 32 × 136 twin shaft beater grinders, every pulverizer volume of production is
4 ton hour, the general power of 3 pulverizers is 816KW.Pulverizer is almost without blocking screen cloth, vexed
Car phenomenon.
(3) fibre fractionation after described pulverizing is become thick by the rotary screen using mesh size to be about 7mm
Material and fines.In the present embodiment, the coarse fodder of sorting is 1:1.2 with the mass ratio of fines.
Wherein, the screening value of described coarse fodder see table:
Sieve-type (mesh) |
~+12 |
-12~+20 |
-20~+40 |
-40~+60 |
-60~+80 |
-80~+100 |
-100~ |
Mass ratio % |
0.71 |
9.27 |
41.02 |
38.53 |
9.26 |
1.16 |
0.05 |
The screening value of described fines see table:
Sieve-type (mesh) |
~+12 |
-12~+20 |
-20~+40 |
-40~+60 |
-60~+80 |
-80~+100 |
-100~ |
Mass ratio % |
0.02 |
0.28 |
16.08 |
50.78 |
20.62 |
10.06 |
2.16 |
It should be noted that "~+12 " represent the material that can not pass through below 12 mesh sieves and 12 mesh sieves,
"-12~+20 " represent the material that can pass through 12 mesh sieves but can not pass through 20 mesh sieves, and "-20~+40 " represent
Can pass through 20 mesh sieves but can not pass through the material of 40 mesh sieves, "-40~+60 " represent can pass through 400 mesh sieves
But can not be by the material of 6 mesh sieves, "-60~+80 " expression can be passed through 60 mesh sieves but can not pass through 80 mesh
The material of sieve, "-80~+100 " represent the material that can pass through 80 mesh sieves but can not pass through 100 mesh sieves, "-
100~" represent the material that can pass through more than 100 mesh sieves and 100 mesh sieves.
4) coarse fodder and fines it are separately dried, by the moisture control of coarse fodder 10~12%, fines aqueous
Rate controls 10~12%;
5) with dried coarse fodder as core layer raw material, with dried fines for top layer raw material, carry out successively
Applying glue, mat formation, precompressed, hot pressing, post processing, obtain described straw-based panel.These crops
Artificial board of straw top layer because of big wood shavings and the disqualification rate that causes accounts for 0.12%.
Embodiment 3
As embodiments of the invention, the production method of described straw-based panel includes following step
Rapid:
(1) use chaffcutter that wheat straw straw is cut into the careless section of 28mm, and control the aqueous of described grass section
Rate is about 18.2%.
(2) described grass section pulverized by the pulverizer using powerful mesh size to be about 8mm, after pulverizing
Fiber diameter size meet normal distribution, as shown in Figure 1.
Specifically, the mesh number of the fibre fineness vibrations standard screen after pulverizing represents, the fiber after pulverizing
Screening value see table:
Sieve-type (mesh) |
~+12 |
-12~+20 |
-20~+40 |
-40~+60 |
-60~+80 |
-80~+100 |
-100~ |
Mass ratio % |
0.35 |
5.28 |
28.55 |
44.53 |
14.78 |
5.41 |
1.10 |
In the present embodiment, using 32 × 132 twin shaft beater grinders, every pulverizer volume of production is
4 ton hour, the general power of 3 pulverizers is 792KW.Pulverizer is almost without blocking screen cloth, vexed
Car phenomenon.
(3) fibre fractionation after described pulverizing is become thick by the rotary screen using mesh size to be about 8mm
Material and fines.In the present embodiment, the coarse fodder of sorting is 1.2:1 with the mass ratio of fines.
Wherein, the screening value of described coarse fodder see table:
Sieve-type (mesh) |
~+12 |
-12~+20 |
-20~+40 |
-40~+60 |
-60~+80 |
-80~+100 |
-100~ |
Mass ratio % |
0.53 |
10.25 |
40.3 |
39.24 |
7.48 |
2 |
0.2 |
The screening value of described fines see table:
Sieve-type (mesh) |
~+12 |
-12~+20 |
-20~+40 |
-40~+60 |
-60~+80 |
-80~+100 |
-100~ |
Mass ratio % |
0.015 |
0.455 |
17.24 |
49.28 |
21.68 |
9.08 |
2.25 |
It should be noted that "~+12 " represent the material that can not pass through below 12 mesh sieves and 12 mesh sieves,
"-12~+20 " represent the material that can pass through 12 mesh sieves but can not pass through 20 mesh sieves, and "-20~+40 " represent
Can pass through 20 mesh sieves but can not pass through the material of 40 mesh sieves, "-40~+60 " represent can pass through 400 mesh sieves
But can not be by the material of 6 mesh sieves, "-60~+80 " expression can be passed through 60 mesh sieves but can not pass through 80 mesh
The material of sieve, "-80~+100 " represent the material that can pass through 80 mesh sieves but can not pass through 100 mesh sieves, "-
100~" represent the material that can pass through more than 100 mesh sieves and 100 mesh sieves.
4) coarse fodder and fines it are separately dried, by the moisture control of coarse fodder 8~12%, fines aqueous
Rate controls 11~12%;
5) with dried coarse fodder as core layer raw material, with dried fines for top layer raw material, carry out successively
Applying glue, mat formation, precompressed, hot pressing, post processing, obtain described straw-based panel.These crops
Artificial board of straw top layer because of big wood shavings and the disqualification rate that causes accounts for 0.11%.
Comparative example
Prior art produces the method for straw-based panel and comprises the following steps:
(1) use chaffcutter that wheat straw straw is cut into the careless section of 30mm, and control the aqueous of described grass section
Rate is about 18%.
(2) described grass section is divided into two parts, i.e. mass ratio is 1:1, pulverizes respectively,
To fines and coarse fodder.
Fines is pulverized: use 42 × 90 twin shaft beater grinders to pulverize part grass section, this pulverizer
Mesh size be about 4.5mm, every pulverizer volume of production is 1 ton hour, the sieve of the fiber after pulverizing
Score value see table:
Sieve-type (mesh) |
~+12 |
-12~+20 |
-20~+40 |
-40~+60 |
-60~+80 |
-80~+100 |
-100~ |
Mass ratio % |
4.36% |
11.39% |
28.43% |
32.25% |
10.44% |
5.32% |
7.81% |
Pulverizer is frequently occluded screen cloth, vexed car, and device damage etc., causes top layer to wait to expect.
Coarse fodder is pulverized: use 22 × 110 twin shaft beater grinders to pulverize another part grass section, this pulverizing
The mesh size of machine is about 8mm, and every pulverizer volume of production is 3 ton hour, the sieve of the fiber after pulverizing
Score value see table:
Sieve-type (mesh) |
~+12 |
-12~+20 |
-20~+40 |
-40~+60 |
-60~+80 |
-80~+100 |
-100~ |
Mass ratio % |
0.36 |
5.50 |
28.32 |
42.68 |
14.97 |
6.96 |
1.21 |
The general power of 6 pulverizers is 1160KW.
4) coarse fodder and fines it are separately dried, by the moisture control of coarse fodder 8~14%, fines aqueous
Rate controls 10~14%;
5) with dried coarse fodder as core layer raw material, with dried fines for top layer raw material, carry out successively
Applying glue, mat formation, precompressed, hot pressing, post processing, obtain described straw-based panel.
This is the production method of straw-based panel in prior art, is divided by watch core layer at the very start
Not getting the raw materials ready, it is wider that its fineness of raw material produced own i.e. sieves Distribution value, causes the agricultural crop straw produced
Wood-based plate top layer because of big wood shavings and the disqualification rate that causes accounts for 3.1%.
As can be seen here, the production method of straw-based panel that the present invention provides when chaffcutter section regardless of
Watch core layer, but first use powerful large aperture screen pulverizer that grass section is carried out unified pulverizing, then
Fiber after pulverizing is sieved into watch core layer through sifting out, it is ensured that the straw-based panel table after screening
Core layer raw material meets different fractions distribution requirements, does not i.e. have thick wood shavings inside top layer, and inside sandwich layer
There is no meticulous fiber.More reasonable and the guaranteed property of the fractions distribution of fiber, it is ensured that agricultural crop straw
The apparent mass of wood-based plate and physicochemical property, reduce the defect rate caused because top layer is defective.
Straw is different from timber, has cavity, surface to have wax coat, and quality is pliable and tough, and pulverizer uses punching
Hit formula beater grinder, and the screen cloth of pulverizer directly affects the production efficiency of pulverizer.The present invention uses
Powerful mesh size is the pulverizer pulverizing of 5~10mm, it is possible to reduce the use number of units of pulverizer,
Decrease mechanical mass and wind power transmission device, simplify Production Line Configured and control system, reduce and produce
Energy consumption, and decrease the probability of stalk fibre blocking screen cloth, pulverizer is almost without blocking screen cloth, vexed
Car phenomenon, thus significantly improve production efficiency.
Those of ordinary skill in the field are it is understood that the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention
, be not limited to the present invention, all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, that is done any repaiies
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.