CA2517365A1 - Riser pipe support system and method - Google Patents
Riser pipe support system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CA2517365A1 CA2517365A1 CA002517365A CA2517365A CA2517365A1 CA 2517365 A1 CA2517365 A1 CA 2517365A1 CA 002517365 A CA002517365 A CA 002517365A CA 2517365 A CA2517365 A CA 2517365A CA 2517365 A1 CA2517365 A1 CA 2517365A1
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- Prior art keywords
- risers
- hull
- vessel
- keel
- umbilicals
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- Abandoned
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002842 L-seryl group Chemical group O=C([*])[C@](N([H])[H])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B19/00—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
- E21B19/002—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables specially adapted for underwater drilling
- E21B19/004—Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables specially adapted for underwater drilling supporting a riser from a drilling or production platform
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/107—Semi-submersibles; Small waterline area multiple hull vessels and the like, e.g. SWATH
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
- B63B2001/128—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising underwater connectors between the hulls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
- B63B21/502—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers by means of tension legs
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
A system and method for mating risers or umbilicals (14) extending vertically or near vertically from the ocean floor to a floating offshore system (10).
The risers or umbilicals (14) are suspended vertically above the vessel's keel and are supported laterally near the platform's keel by keel guides or riser receptacles (7).
The risers or umbilicals (14) are suspended vertically above the vessel's keel and are supported laterally near the platform's keel by keel guides or riser receptacles (7).
Description
RISER PIPE SUPP~RT S~'STIElVI AhTD 1VIETD~D
I
1, lFiei~ of the Invention The present invention relates generally to offshore hydrocarbon production and more particularly to fixing a keel guide on the submerged perimeter of the hull of a tension leg platform or other floating offshore vessel to laterally support a riser or umbilical extending vertically or near vertically from the seabed.
I
1, lFiei~ of the Invention The present invention relates generally to offshore hydrocarbon production and more particularly to fixing a keel guide on the submerged perimeter of the hull of a tension leg platform or other floating offshore vessel to laterally support a riser or umbilical extending vertically or near vertically from the seabed.
2. Description of the Prior Art In the offshore drilling and production industry, signals, control fluids or chemicals are injected from the surface to the ocean-bottom wells in umbilicals, and hydrocarbons are transported from the subsea wells to the floating production platfomn or vessel in risers. A riser pipe is used to connect a subsea wellhead structure at the sea floor with the hydrocarbon processing system located on, a floating platform maintained in position above the wellhead. The lower ends of the risers are connected to the sea floor by structures embedded in the sea floor and grouted or cemented thereto. For a floating structure such as a tension leg platform (TLP) or a semi-submersible platform, the riser is typically suspended from the floating vessel wing a support platform.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a typical TLP (10) consists of one or more decks (~0) with equipment for production and processing of hyrdocarbons. The deck .(~0) is supported by a hull (1 ~), which is submerged or partially submerged and which provides the buoyant force for the platform. The hull (1 ~) provides attachment points (19) for tendons (12) anchored to the seabed (11). The hull (l~) may comprise one or more submerged pontoons, often positioned to form a horizontal triangle, square or circle, or as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, a craeiforxn structure. ~ne or more veri:ical columns (22) extend from the hall (18) upwards through the water's surface and attach to the decl~ (20).
Risers (14~) or umbilicals extend from subsea wells (40) to the platform (10).
The risers (14) are traditionally vertically suspended and laterally supported below the water's surface by a structure (16) attached to the platform (10). Risers are traditionally spaeed apart from the hull to minimize impact with the hull caused by environmental forces and to allow easier termination of the risers. For example, Figures 1-2 disclose a moored TLP
of prior art with risers (14) vertically suspended and laterally supported under water by a truss extending outboard from the hull.
Alternatively, Figures 3 and 4 show a prior art TLP '(10) moored by tendons (12) comlected to the hull (18) at attaclunent points (19).. The TLP (10) has columns (22) supporting a superstructure with decks (20). As illustrated in Figure 4, this TLP hull (18) is configured with pontoons forming a square within a cruciform shape. A
rectangular array of risers (14) passes through the center of the platform (10), suspended below the water's surface and laterally braced interiorly away from the hull by a grid-like network of struts (16). U.S. 6,273,018 shows a buoyant offshore platform using a similar arrangement of risers passing through the center of the platform and supported by trusses.
For floating offshore structures, the design of the interface between the riser and the offshore structure must take into account the loads and relative motions as well as the resulting stresses and fatigue that the riser and interface must endure.
Floating offshore vessels have structures which extend well below the surface of the water and which am subjected to environmental forces resulting in movement of the platform. both the upper _2_ and lower ends of the risers are affected by movement of a floating platform.
Forces acting on a, floating vessel and riser pipe system include forces resulting from laea~re, pitch, roll, sv~ay or surge:, height and period of waves and swell, currents, specific gravity of fluid conducted within the riser, buoyancy means attached to the riser, current pro~xle, offset of the platform from the well, tension at the top of the riser, the stiffness of the riser, and the riser's vertical disposition.
Environmental forces can produce lateral movement of the platform with respect to the wellhead, which causes platform set-down - the difference between the vertical elevation at the no-load position above the wellhead and the vertical elevation when laterally displaced by enviromnental forces. In other words, a lateral displacement increases platform draft due to tendon restraint. Platform set-down produces a change in riser tension and, unless a riser is located coaxially with a mooring tendon, a change in the effective length of the riser. Thus, during platform set-down, there is a vertical sliding movement between the upper ends of the risers and the platform. This relative vertical movement is known as riser stroke.
Because of the generally parallel relationship between the risers or umbilicals and the mooring tendons, riser stroke is also a function of platform design.
Locating risers close to the hull reduces potential riser stroke, while locating risers further away from the hull increases potential riser stroke. To compensate for riser stroke, the upper ends of risers are connected to the platform by relatively complex riser tensioning systems which permit the platform to move relative to the riser and at the same time maintain a desired tenSl~n ~n the rlSer.
It is advantageous to place risers close to the vessel hull to provide increased and simplified lateral support to the risers or ugnbilicals without an e~~ten~ive network of strazts.
Fur"llaer, placing the risers close to the hull results in reduced riser loads and reduced riser stroke for a given horizontal platform displacement, which allows more relayed riser tensioner design requirements with a concomitant cost savings. ~ reduction in tensioner size and capacity requirements may also reduce deck loading and deck structural support requirements.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a typical TLP (10) consists of one or more decks (~0) with equipment for production and processing of hyrdocarbons. The deck .(~0) is supported by a hull (1 ~), which is submerged or partially submerged and which provides the buoyant force for the platform. The hull (1 ~) provides attachment points (19) for tendons (12) anchored to the seabed (11). The hull (l~) may comprise one or more submerged pontoons, often positioned to form a horizontal triangle, square or circle, or as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, a craeiforxn structure. ~ne or more veri:ical columns (22) extend from the hall (18) upwards through the water's surface and attach to the decl~ (20).
Risers (14~) or umbilicals extend from subsea wells (40) to the platform (10).
The risers (14) are traditionally vertically suspended and laterally supported below the water's surface by a structure (16) attached to the platform (10). Risers are traditionally spaeed apart from the hull to minimize impact with the hull caused by environmental forces and to allow easier termination of the risers. For example, Figures 1-2 disclose a moored TLP
of prior art with risers (14) vertically suspended and laterally supported under water by a truss extending outboard from the hull.
Alternatively, Figures 3 and 4 show a prior art TLP '(10) moored by tendons (12) comlected to the hull (18) at attaclunent points (19).. The TLP (10) has columns (22) supporting a superstructure with decks (20). As illustrated in Figure 4, this TLP hull (18) is configured with pontoons forming a square within a cruciform shape. A
rectangular array of risers (14) passes through the center of the platform (10), suspended below the water's surface and laterally braced interiorly away from the hull by a grid-like network of struts (16). U.S. 6,273,018 shows a buoyant offshore platform using a similar arrangement of risers passing through the center of the platform and supported by trusses.
For floating offshore structures, the design of the interface between the riser and the offshore structure must take into account the loads and relative motions as well as the resulting stresses and fatigue that the riser and interface must endure.
Floating offshore vessels have structures which extend well below the surface of the water and which am subjected to environmental forces resulting in movement of the platform. both the upper _2_ and lower ends of the risers are affected by movement of a floating platform.
Forces acting on a, floating vessel and riser pipe system include forces resulting from laea~re, pitch, roll, sv~ay or surge:, height and period of waves and swell, currents, specific gravity of fluid conducted within the riser, buoyancy means attached to the riser, current pro~xle, offset of the platform from the well, tension at the top of the riser, the stiffness of the riser, and the riser's vertical disposition.
Environmental forces can produce lateral movement of the platform with respect to the wellhead, which causes platform set-down - the difference between the vertical elevation at the no-load position above the wellhead and the vertical elevation when laterally displaced by enviromnental forces. In other words, a lateral displacement increases platform draft due to tendon restraint. Platform set-down produces a change in riser tension and, unless a riser is located coaxially with a mooring tendon, a change in the effective length of the riser. Thus, during platform set-down, there is a vertical sliding movement between the upper ends of the risers and the platform. This relative vertical movement is known as riser stroke.
Because of the generally parallel relationship between the risers or umbilicals and the mooring tendons, riser stroke is also a function of platform design.
Locating risers close to the hull reduces potential riser stroke, while locating risers further away from the hull increases potential riser stroke. To compensate for riser stroke, the upper ends of risers are connected to the platform by relatively complex riser tensioning systems which permit the platform to move relative to the riser and at the same time maintain a desired tenSl~n ~n the rlSer.
It is advantageous to place risers close to the vessel hull to provide increased and simplified lateral support to the risers or ugnbilicals without an e~~ten~ive network of strazts.
Fur"llaer, placing the risers close to the hull results in reduced riser loads and reduced riser stroke for a given horizontal platform displacement, which allows more relayed riser tensioner design requirements with a concomitant cost savings. ~ reduction in tensioner size and capacity requirements may also reduce deck loading and deck structural support requirements.
3: Identification of Objects of the Invention The primary object of the invention is provide a floating platform designed to have risers or umbilicals that are vertically or near veutically suspended above the keel of the floating platform and that are laterally supported by keel guides positioned along the perimeter of the platfoun's hull at an elevation at or near the keel.
Another object of the invention is to provide lateral support to risers or umbilicals at a vertical elevation at or near the keel or the vertical elevation of the hull attachment poinst for mooring tendons.
Another object of the invention is to provide increased riser structural support, with a lateral support structure integral to or rigidly connected with the hull.
Another object of the invention is to provide a method to reduce the impact of wave action on the risers or umbilicals in the wave zone, minimising ri'ser/hull clashing and increasing riser fatigue life while allowing the risers to be arranged vertically~or near vertically close to the hull.
Another object of the invention is to provide a method of reducing potential wiser stroke by arranging risers vertically close to the hull.
Another object of the invention is to provide lateral support to risers or umbilicals at a vertical elevation at or near the keel or the vertical elevation of the hull attachment poinst for mooring tendons.
Another object of the invention is to provide increased riser structural support, with a lateral support structure integral to or rigidly connected with the hull.
Another object of the invention is to provide a method to reduce the impact of wave action on the risers or umbilicals in the wave zone, minimising ri'ser/hull clashing and increasing riser fatigue life while allowing the risers to be arranged vertically~or near vertically close to the hull.
Another object of the invention is to provide a method of reducing potential wiser stroke by arranging risers vertically close to the hull.
l~nother object of the invention is to provide a method of reducing riser tensioner capacity and other deign requirements by reducing potential riper ~trol,e.
~TI1I'~P~A~~ ~~ 1l ~~ ill~T'~~I'~TTI~i'~T
The objects identified above, as well as other feataares and advantages of the invention are incorporated in a floating offshore system, such as a TLP or semi-submersible platf~rm, which mates with risers or umbilicals extending vertically or near vertically from the ocean floor. The risers are suspended vertically from above the keel (and usually, but not necessarily, above the water's surface) and are supported laterally at or near the hull by keel guides positioned along the submerged perimeter of the platform's hull, or within the hull by production riser slots. The keel guides or production riser slots are designed and an-anged to receive a keel joint which provides a bearing surface to laterally support the riser while allowing free vertical movement relative to the platform.
The keel guides may be positioned on outboard-facing hull surfaces, inboard-facing hull surfaces, or within a moonpool.
BRIEF DESCRIPTI~N ~F THE DRAWINGS
The invention is described in detail hereinafter on the basis of the embodiments represented in the accompanying figures, in which:
Figure 1 illustrates a side view of a moored TLP of prior art having risers suspended under water from truss extending ~utboard from the hull;
LO Figure 2 is a cross section taken along lines 2-2 of Figure 1;
Figure 3 illustrates a side view of a moored TLP of prior art having risers suspended under water using a grid network attached to the interior sides of the TLP
pontoons;
Figure 4 is a cross section taken along lines 4-4 of Figure 3;
Figure ~ gs sgde vgew of a moored TLP according to the invention having risers vertically suspended from above the waterline and laterally suppor"~ed below the waterline adjacent to and outboard of the TLP hull using lbeel guides;
Figure 6 is a arose section taken along lines 6-6 of Figure ~ showing risers laterally supported near the keel using keel guides attached to the outboard hull surfaces according to the invention;
Figure 7 is an enlarged side view of a portion of Figure 5 showing detail of the keel guides;
Figure 8 is a per spective view of an open frame side-entry keel guide according to the invention;
Figure 9 is a cross section of a typical keel joint or prior ant;
Figure 10 is a vertical cross section of a TLP according to the invention showing a riser tensioner located on a platform deck;
Figure 11 is a horizontal cross section of a TLP according to the invention having risers laterally supported near the keel using keel .guides attached to the inboard pontoon surfaces;
Figure 12 is a horizontal cross section of a TLP according to the invention having a moonpool with keel guides disposed therein; and Figure 13 is a horizontal cross section of a TLP according to the invention having riser production slots in the bottom of the TLP hull.
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d~l~Ta~hI
Deferring to Figures ~ and 69 thg~ gnveaat~on concerns a floating offshore systean, such as a TL,P or seam-submersible pl~,tfoaxnn, hereinafl:er referred to simply as platforgxa 10.
The platform consists of one or more decl~s 20 with equipment for production and processing of hyrdocarbons, drilling, and workover. The deck 20 provides utility, saf~;ty, and supporting structures for human use. The deck 20 is supported by a hull 18 which is submerged or partially submerged and which provides the buoyant force for the platform.
The hull 18 provides attachment points 19 for tendons 12 or other means of mooring. The hull 18 may include one or more submerged pontoons, often positioned to form a horizontal triangle, square, circle; or cruciform-shaped structure. One or more vertical columns 22 extend from the hull 18 upwards through the water's surface and attach to the deck 20.
The platform 10 mates with one or more risers 14 or umbilicals extending vertically or near vertically from the ocean floor 11. The risers 14 are used for drilling, production, export, or injection of water, gas or chemicals. The risers 14 according to the invention are vertically suspended above the keel 26, preferably from the deck 20. The platform 10 includes keel guides 7, also known as keel joint receptacles or support receptacles, which are positioned along the exterior submerged perimeter of the hull 18 and which simply provide lateral support to the risers 14. While keel -guides 7 may be positioned at an elevated position on the hull 18, the keel guides 7 are preferably located at or near the vertical elevation of the keel 26 and/or the vertical elevation of the hull tendon attachment points (tendon porches). It is desirable, pauticularly in the case of TLPs, for the vertical elevation of the keel guides 7 to be kept at or close to that of the tendon _7_ porches so that the top of the risers at the keel guide level moves in parallel with the top of the tendons.
Each riser 14' is equipped with a heel joint assembly ~ vrhich is received into a feel guide 7. The keel joint 8 provides a bearing surface for riser 14', allowing the riper to freely move along its vertical aegis within the keel guide 7 while being supported laterally.
Figure 7 is an enlarged view of the sip keel guides illustrated in Figure 5 which provides greater detail of the structure of the keel guides but which slows only one riser 14 and keel joint 8.
Keel guide 7 is a structure integral with the hull 18 or designed and arranged for rigid mounting to the vessel hull 18. Keel guide 7 is designed to receive particular riser keel joint 8. The keel guide 7 provides lateral support to a keel joint 8 and riser 14 within it. A keel guide can be of a slotted design 7A for side entry of the riser pipe or closed design 7B for vertical riser entry. A perspective sketch of a typical open frame side entry keel guide structure is shown in Figure 8.
Keel joints are known in the art, and Figure 9 illustrates detail of an ordinary keel joint 8 of prior art. Riser 14 is fitted with a keel joint outer casing 60 and elastomeric bearings 62. Bearings 62 are held in place by capture rings 64. A keel joint bushing '66 is fitted on the lower end of the outer casing 60. The keel joint 8 is then lowered into the keel guide 7, with the keel joint bushing 66 providing a secure ft within receptacle 7.
Alternate keel joints may be used, such as split joints, those with variable stiffness elements, or those with integral transitions from heavy wall riser pipe to noaxnal riser ~.~.
pipe.
_$_ Figure 10 illustrates a production riser system according to the invention.
Miser 14 is shown connected to a subsea wellhead ~~0 at the ocean floor 11. In order to cognpensate for riser strolee caused by environmental forces on the riser 1 ~~ and the platform 10, the riser 1 ~~ is tensioned from deck 20 by a passive spring riser tensioner 42.
Preferably, the S tensioner 42 is located on the cellar decl~ of platform 10. h..iser 14 is laterally supported by a keel guide 7 attached to the platform hull 18 and keel joint 8 which is received in the keel guide 7. The riser 14 terminates at a tubing head 44 and surface tree 4P~, with an injection umbilical 48 and a production umbilical 50 extending therefrom.
According to the invention, keel guides may be placed anywhere along the hull perimeter, including both outboard exterior surfaces 30 as illustrated in Figure 6, and inboard exterior surfaces 32 as illustrated in Figure 11. Figure 11 is a horizontal cross section of a TLP with a hull 18 fomned by a ring shaped pontoon. Feel guides 7 are attached directly to the hull on the inboard surfaces 32 for laterally supporting risers 14.
Although not shown in Figure 11, keel guides can simultaneously exist on both inboard surfaces 32 and outboard surfaces 30.
As illustrated in Figure 12, the hull 18 may include one or more moonpools 24.
A
moonpool is an opening in or near the center of the hull 18 or a closure of some space around the hull 18 that is used to route and protect the risers 14; among other functions.
An open moonpool is one whose top and bottom are perforated to allow the routing of risers, and whose bottom and top are both below the water's surface. A closed moonpool, on the other hand, has a bottom located below the waterline and a top located above: the waterline. Feel guides 7 may also be positioned within an either an open moonpool or a closed moonpool.
The present invention provides an alternate structure for laterally supporting a riser. production riser ~1~ts or h~:wser pipe penetTation~ b, positioned ix~
the hull a~ shown in Figure 13, may be used. Life the earlier described c~n~gurations of the invention, the risers may be vertically supported by a tensioner located on deck ~0, and Iseel joints errs designed and arranged to fxt within the production riser slots ~.
although this invention is best suited for support of risers during platform operation, it may be used for temporary support of the risers as well.
While the preferred embodiments of the invention have been illustrated in detail, it is apparent that modifications and adaptations of the preferred embodiments will occur to those skilled in the aut. Such modifications and adaptations are in the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims:
~TI1I'~P~A~~ ~~ 1l ~~ ill~T'~~I'~TTI~i'~T
The objects identified above, as well as other feataares and advantages of the invention are incorporated in a floating offshore system, such as a TLP or semi-submersible platf~rm, which mates with risers or umbilicals extending vertically or near vertically from the ocean floor. The risers are suspended vertically from above the keel (and usually, but not necessarily, above the water's surface) and are supported laterally at or near the hull by keel guides positioned along the submerged perimeter of the platform's hull, or within the hull by production riser slots. The keel guides or production riser slots are designed and an-anged to receive a keel joint which provides a bearing surface to laterally support the riser while allowing free vertical movement relative to the platform.
The keel guides may be positioned on outboard-facing hull surfaces, inboard-facing hull surfaces, or within a moonpool.
BRIEF DESCRIPTI~N ~F THE DRAWINGS
The invention is described in detail hereinafter on the basis of the embodiments represented in the accompanying figures, in which:
Figure 1 illustrates a side view of a moored TLP of prior art having risers suspended under water from truss extending ~utboard from the hull;
LO Figure 2 is a cross section taken along lines 2-2 of Figure 1;
Figure 3 illustrates a side view of a moored TLP of prior art having risers suspended under water using a grid network attached to the interior sides of the TLP
pontoons;
Figure 4 is a cross section taken along lines 4-4 of Figure 3;
Figure ~ gs sgde vgew of a moored TLP according to the invention having risers vertically suspended from above the waterline and laterally suppor"~ed below the waterline adjacent to and outboard of the TLP hull using lbeel guides;
Figure 6 is a arose section taken along lines 6-6 of Figure ~ showing risers laterally supported near the keel using keel guides attached to the outboard hull surfaces according to the invention;
Figure 7 is an enlarged side view of a portion of Figure 5 showing detail of the keel guides;
Figure 8 is a per spective view of an open frame side-entry keel guide according to the invention;
Figure 9 is a cross section of a typical keel joint or prior ant;
Figure 10 is a vertical cross section of a TLP according to the invention showing a riser tensioner located on a platform deck;
Figure 11 is a horizontal cross section of a TLP according to the invention having risers laterally supported near the keel using keel .guides attached to the inboard pontoon surfaces;
Figure 12 is a horizontal cross section of a TLP according to the invention having a moonpool with keel guides disposed therein; and Figure 13 is a horizontal cross section of a TLP according to the invention having riser production slots in the bottom of the TLP hull.
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d~l~Ta~hI
Deferring to Figures ~ and 69 thg~ gnveaat~on concerns a floating offshore systean, such as a TL,P or seam-submersible pl~,tfoaxnn, hereinafl:er referred to simply as platforgxa 10.
The platform consists of one or more decl~s 20 with equipment for production and processing of hyrdocarbons, drilling, and workover. The deck 20 provides utility, saf~;ty, and supporting structures for human use. The deck 20 is supported by a hull 18 which is submerged or partially submerged and which provides the buoyant force for the platform.
The hull 18 provides attachment points 19 for tendons 12 or other means of mooring. The hull 18 may include one or more submerged pontoons, often positioned to form a horizontal triangle, square, circle; or cruciform-shaped structure. One or more vertical columns 22 extend from the hull 18 upwards through the water's surface and attach to the deck 20.
The platform 10 mates with one or more risers 14 or umbilicals extending vertically or near vertically from the ocean floor 11. The risers 14 are used for drilling, production, export, or injection of water, gas or chemicals. The risers 14 according to the invention are vertically suspended above the keel 26, preferably from the deck 20. The platform 10 includes keel guides 7, also known as keel joint receptacles or support receptacles, which are positioned along the exterior submerged perimeter of the hull 18 and which simply provide lateral support to the risers 14. While keel -guides 7 may be positioned at an elevated position on the hull 18, the keel guides 7 are preferably located at or near the vertical elevation of the keel 26 and/or the vertical elevation of the hull tendon attachment points (tendon porches). It is desirable, pauticularly in the case of TLPs, for the vertical elevation of the keel guides 7 to be kept at or close to that of the tendon _7_ porches so that the top of the risers at the keel guide level moves in parallel with the top of the tendons.
Each riser 14' is equipped with a heel joint assembly ~ vrhich is received into a feel guide 7. The keel joint 8 provides a bearing surface for riser 14', allowing the riper to freely move along its vertical aegis within the keel guide 7 while being supported laterally.
Figure 7 is an enlarged view of the sip keel guides illustrated in Figure 5 which provides greater detail of the structure of the keel guides but which slows only one riser 14 and keel joint 8.
Keel guide 7 is a structure integral with the hull 18 or designed and arranged for rigid mounting to the vessel hull 18. Keel guide 7 is designed to receive particular riser keel joint 8. The keel guide 7 provides lateral support to a keel joint 8 and riser 14 within it. A keel guide can be of a slotted design 7A for side entry of the riser pipe or closed design 7B for vertical riser entry. A perspective sketch of a typical open frame side entry keel guide structure is shown in Figure 8.
Keel joints are known in the art, and Figure 9 illustrates detail of an ordinary keel joint 8 of prior art. Riser 14 is fitted with a keel joint outer casing 60 and elastomeric bearings 62. Bearings 62 are held in place by capture rings 64. A keel joint bushing '66 is fitted on the lower end of the outer casing 60. The keel joint 8 is then lowered into the keel guide 7, with the keel joint bushing 66 providing a secure ft within receptacle 7.
Alternate keel joints may be used, such as split joints, those with variable stiffness elements, or those with integral transitions from heavy wall riser pipe to noaxnal riser ~.~.
pipe.
_$_ Figure 10 illustrates a production riser system according to the invention.
Miser 14 is shown connected to a subsea wellhead ~~0 at the ocean floor 11. In order to cognpensate for riser strolee caused by environmental forces on the riser 1 ~~ and the platform 10, the riser 1 ~~ is tensioned from deck 20 by a passive spring riser tensioner 42.
Preferably, the S tensioner 42 is located on the cellar decl~ of platform 10. h..iser 14 is laterally supported by a keel guide 7 attached to the platform hull 18 and keel joint 8 which is received in the keel guide 7. The riser 14 terminates at a tubing head 44 and surface tree 4P~, with an injection umbilical 48 and a production umbilical 50 extending therefrom.
According to the invention, keel guides may be placed anywhere along the hull perimeter, including both outboard exterior surfaces 30 as illustrated in Figure 6, and inboard exterior surfaces 32 as illustrated in Figure 11. Figure 11 is a horizontal cross section of a TLP with a hull 18 fomned by a ring shaped pontoon. Feel guides 7 are attached directly to the hull on the inboard surfaces 32 for laterally supporting risers 14.
Although not shown in Figure 11, keel guides can simultaneously exist on both inboard surfaces 32 and outboard surfaces 30.
As illustrated in Figure 12, the hull 18 may include one or more moonpools 24.
A
moonpool is an opening in or near the center of the hull 18 or a closure of some space around the hull 18 that is used to route and protect the risers 14; among other functions.
An open moonpool is one whose top and bottom are perforated to allow the routing of risers, and whose bottom and top are both below the water's surface. A closed moonpool, on the other hand, has a bottom located below the waterline and a top located above: the waterline. Feel guides 7 may also be positioned within an either an open moonpool or a closed moonpool.
The present invention provides an alternate structure for laterally supporting a riser. production riser ~1~ts or h~:wser pipe penetTation~ b, positioned ix~
the hull a~ shown in Figure 13, may be used. Life the earlier described c~n~gurations of the invention, the risers may be vertically supported by a tensioner located on deck ~0, and Iseel joints errs designed and arranged to fxt within the production riser slots ~.
although this invention is best suited for support of risers during platform operation, it may be used for temporary support of the risers as well.
While the preferred embodiments of the invention have been illustrated in detail, it is apparent that modifications and adaptations of the preferred embodiments will occur to those skilled in the aut. Such modifications and adaptations are in the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the following claims:
Claims (43)
1. ~A method for coupling a plurality of risers or umbilicals having lower ends fixed to an area of the sea floor to a floating vessel having a hull with a keel and moored generally above said area, the method comprising the steps of, enduringly suspending said risers or umbilicals from an elevation above said hull, and laterally supporting said risers or umbilicals at points along the perimeter of said hull.
2. ~The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of, laterally supporting said risers or umbilicals below the waterline.
3.~The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of, laterally supporting said risers or umbilicals at an elevation generally corresponding to the elevation of said keel.
4. ~The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of, laterally supporting said risers or umbilicals at outboard-facing surfaces of said hull.
5. ~The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of, laterally supporting said risers or umbilicals at inboard-facing surfaces of said hull.
6. ~The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of, laterally supporting said risers or umbilicals at surfaces of a moonpool in said vessel.
7. ~The method of claim 1 further comprising the steps of, providing a bearing at each of said points, and allowing axial movement of said riser relative to said vessel.
8.~The method of claim 1 wherein said step of laterally supporting said risers or umbilicals further comprises the step of, providing a plurality of keel guides disposed at said points,
9. ~The method of claim 8 further comprising fine step of, allowing side entry of one of said risers or umbilicals into at least one of said keel guides.
10. ~The method of claim 8 further comprising the step of, allowing vertical entry of one of said risers or umbilicals into at least one of said keel guides.
11. ~The method of claim 1 wherein said suspending further comprises the steps of, tensioning said risers or umbilicals, and allowing said risers or umbilicals to move axially with respect to said vessel.
12. ~The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of, suspending said risers or umbilicals with a generally vertical orientation.
13. ~The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of, suspending said risers or umbilicals from an elevation above the waterline.
14. ~The method of claim 1 further comprising the step of, suspending said risers or umbilicals by a spring.
15. ~(Cancelled)
16. ~A method for coupling a plurality of risers or umbilicals having lower ends fixed to an area of the sea door to a floating vessel having a submerged hull with a keel and moored generally above said area, the method comprising the steps of, enduringly suspending said risers or umbilicals from an elevation above said keel, and laterally supporting said risers or umbilicals in vertical passages formed through said hull.
17. ~The method of claim 16 further comprising the steps of, providing a bearing in each of said passages, and allowing axial movement of said user relative to said vessel.
18. ~The method of claim 16 wherein said suspending further comprises the steps of, tensioning said risers or umbilicals, and allowing said risers or umbilicals to move axially with respect to said vessel.
19. ~The method of claim 16 further comprising the step of, suspending said risers or umbilicals with a generally vertical orientation.
20. ~The method of claim 16 further comprising the step of, suspending said risers or umbilicals from an elevation above the waterline.
21. ~The method of claim 16 further comprising the step of, suspending said risers or umbilicals by a spring.
22. ~(Cancelled)
23. ~A floating vessel comprising, a submerged buoyant hull having a keel, a column having a lower end coupled to said hull, said column extending above the waterline, a deck coupled to an upper end of said column, a mooring device having an upper end coupled to said hull and a lower end coupled to the seabed, a keel guide having a vertically oriented generally cylindrical passage therein coupled to an exterior surface of said hull, a tensioner coupled to said vessel and disposed at an elevation above said hull, and a riser or umbilical having a lower end coupled to the seabed and an upper end enduringly coupled to said tensioner, said riser or umbilical passing within said passage of said keel guide.
24. ~The vessel of claim 23 wherein, said mooring device is generally vertically oriented and tensioned by said buoyant hull.
25. ~The vessel of claim 23 wherein, said riser or umbilical is generally vertically oriented and tensioned by said buoyant hull.
26. ~The vessel of claim 23 further comprising, a keel joint disposed between said riser or umbilical and said keel guide, said keel joint having a bearing disposed adjacent to said riser or umbilical, wherein said bearing is designed and arranged to provide lateral support to said riser or umbilical while allowing said riser or umbilical to move in a longitudinal direction within said keel guide.
27. ~The vessel of claim 23 wherein, said keel guide is disposed at an outboard-facing surface of said hull.
28, ~The vessel of claim 23 wherein, said keel guide is disposed at an inboard-facing surface of said hull.
29. ~The vessel of claim 23 wherein, said keel guide is disposed in a moonpool in said hull.
30. ~The vessel of claim 23 wherein, said keel guide has a slot which communicates with said passage and which is designed and arranged to allow side entry of said riser or umbilical.
31, ~The vessel of claim 23 wherein, said keel guide is disposed at an elevation generally corresponding to the elevation of said keel.
32. ~The vessel of claim 23 wherein, said keel guide is disposed at an elevation generally corresponding to the elevation of said upper end of said mooring device.
33. ~(Cancelled)
34. ~The vessel of claim 23 wherein, said tensioner is disposed above the waterline.
35. ~The vessel of claim 23 wherein, said tensioner is disposed on said deck.
36. ~A floating vessel comprising, a submerged buoyant hull having a keel, a column having a lower end coupled to said hull, said column extending above the waterline, a deck coupled to an upper end of said column, a mooring device having an upper end coupled to said hull and a lower end coupled to the seabed,~
an aperture vertically formed through said hull, a tensioner coupled to said vessel and disposed at an elevation above said hull, and a riser or umbilical having a lower end coupled to the seabed and an upper end enduringly coupled to said tensioner, said riser or umbilical passing within said passage of said keel guide.
an aperture vertically formed through said hull, a tensioner coupled to said vessel and disposed at an elevation above said hull, and a riser or umbilical having a lower end coupled to the seabed and an upper end enduringly coupled to said tensioner, said riser or umbilical passing within said passage of said keel guide.
37. ~The vessel of claim 36 wherein, said mooring device is generally vertically oriented and tensioned said buoyant hull.
38. ~The vessel of claim 36 wherein, said riser or umbilical is generally vertically oriented and tensioned by said buoyant hull.
39. ~The vessel of claim 36 further comprising, a keel joint disposed between said riser or umbilical and said aperture, said keel joint designed and arranged to provide lateral support to said riser or umbilical while allowing said riser or umbilical to move in a longitudinal direction within said aperture.
40. ~(Cancelled)
41. ~The vessel of claim 36 wherein, said tensioner is disposed above the waterline.
42. ~The vessel of claim 36 wherein, said tensioner is disposed on said deck.
43. ~The vessel of claim 36 wherein, said riser or umbilical is generally vertically oriented and tensioned by said tensioner.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US45138003P | 2003-02-28 | 2003-02-28 | |
| US60/451,380 | 2003-02-28 | ||
| PCT/US2004/005892 WO2004077951A2 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-02-27 | Riser pipe support system and method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2517365A1 true CA2517365A1 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
Family
ID=32962587
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002517365A Abandoned CA2517365A1 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-02-27 | Riser pipe support system and method |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20040182297A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1597141A2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2006519137A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20050109516A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1777532A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2004218479A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0408048A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2517365A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004077951A2 (en) |
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| US7669660B1 (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2010-03-02 | Floatec, Llc | Riser disconnect and support mechanism |
| CN102030085B (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2013-05-08 | 天津市海王星海上工程技术有限公司 | Novel floating production oil storage platform structure |
| US20110206466A1 (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2011-08-25 | Modec International, Inc. | Tension Leg Platform With Improved Hydrodynamic Performance |
| JP5665024B2 (en) * | 2010-07-02 | 2015-02-04 | 独立行政法人海上技術安全研究所 | Riser tube suspension device and mooring tube coupling device |
| US8757082B2 (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2014-06-24 | Seahorse Equipment Corp | Offshore platform with outset columns |
| US9109404B2 (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2015-08-18 | Cameron International Corporation | Riser string hang-off assembly |
| US9352808B2 (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2016-05-31 | Seahorse Equipment Corp | Offshore platform having SCR porches mounted on riser keel guide |
| WO2014172291A1 (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2014-10-23 | Seahorse Equipment Corp | Riser tensioner conductor for dry-tree semisubmersible |
| NO335480B1 (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2014-12-15 | Gva Consultants Ab | pipeline Suspension |
| WO2015126811A1 (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2015-08-27 | Conocophillips Company | Tension leg platform (tlp) having offset top tension riser (ttr) guides |
| US20150298775A1 (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2015-10-22 | Floatec, Llc | Low Heave Semi-Submersible Offshore Structure |
| WO2015168432A1 (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-05 | Seahorse Equipment Corp | Bundled, articulated riser system for fpso vessel |
| JP2016117363A (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-30 | 三井造船株式会社 | Fairing cover |
| US9718518B2 (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2017-08-01 | Exmar Offshore Company | Methods for connecting to floating structures |
| JP2017052469A (en) | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | 三井造船株式会社 | Floating installation provided with riser support structure |
| CN108049558A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2018-05-18 | 浙江亚厦装饰股份有限公司 | The installation method of furred ceiling, furred ceiling assembly and furred ceiling |
| CN111634369B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2022-03-18 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Outboard protective pipe structure of FPSO anchor chain detection system |
| BR102020020314A2 (en) * | 2020-10-02 | 2022-04-19 | Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. - Petrobras | Multipurpose riser balcony (polyvalent riser balcony) |
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2004
- 2004-02-27 KR KR1020057016124A patent/KR20050109516A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-02-27 CA CA002517365A patent/CA2517365A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-02-27 EP EP04715646A patent/EP1597141A2/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-02-27 AU AU2004218479A patent/AU2004218479A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-02-27 BR BRPI0408048-3A patent/BRPI0408048A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-02-27 CN CNA2004800110275A patent/CN1777532A/en active Pending
- 2004-02-27 WO PCT/US2004/005892 patent/WO2004077951A2/en active Application Filing
- 2004-02-27 JP JP2006508876A patent/JP2006519137A/en active Pending
- 2004-02-27 US US10/788,771 patent/US20040182297A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| CN1777532A (en) | 2006-05-24 |
| WO2004077951A2 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
| BRPI0408048A (en) | 2006-02-14 |
| JP2006519137A (en) | 2006-08-24 |
| AU2004218479A1 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
| EP1597141A2 (en) | 2005-11-23 |
| WO2004077951B1 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
| US20040182297A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 |
| KR20050109516A (en) | 2005-11-21 |
| WO2004077951A3 (en) | 2005-06-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| FZDE | Discontinued |