OA16379A - Data processing for securing local resources in a mobile device. - Google Patents

Abstract

Method of data processing for securing local resources in a mobile device (100), the method comprising : a) when network connectivity is available : - coupling the mobile device (100) with a first identity module (7) associated to a first International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI), - receiving in the first identity module (7) a network challenge from a communication network, ciphering the network challenge using a secret key, and sending a corresponding response to the network for subsequent successful authentication, b) after a successful authentication to the communication network : - associating at least a part of the local resources to the first IMSI, and - storing, in a database (16) of the mobile device (100), authentication data related to the challenge/response duplet, - granting access to local resources associated to the first IMSI, c) when network connectivity is not available : - coupling the mobile device (100) with a second identity module associated to a second IMSI, - sending a challenge to the second identity module, said challenge being determined from the authentication data stored in the database (16), - receiving a response from the second identity module, - comparing the response received with the stored authentication data, and granting access to local resources associated to the second IMSI if the response received from the second identity module matches a response associated to the sent challenge in the database (16).

Description

TREATMENT OF WATER IN AT LEAST ONE MEMBRANE FILTRATION UNIT FOR ASSISTED OIL RECOVERY

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a process for treating water in the context of the production of hydrocarbons, and more particularly to the enhanced recovery of hydrocarbons, as well as to an installation suitable for the implementation of this process.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

In the field of hydrocarbon production, after hydrocarbon recovery operations by means of the natural pressure of the underground formation containing the hydrocarbons, called "primary", a so-called "secondary" recovery is generally carried out by injection of oil. 'water.

In this context, it is generally necessary to treat two types of aqueous flow, namely water taken from the environment and which is intended to be injected (at least initially) into the underground formation, and production water, which represents the aqueous fraction recovered from the production wells. This produced water can be released into the environment or, preferably, can be reused as injection water as long as it is obtained in sufficient quantity.

These two aqueous streams have relatively different characteristics with regard to their content of various contaminants, and in particular of solids and hydrocarbons. Consequently, these aqueous flows are treated in a different way, which leads to a multiplication of equipment which is particularly undesirable in congested environments, in particular at sea.

There is therefore a real need to develop a water treatment process in the context of enhanced hydrocarbon recovery which is both efficient and simpler to implement, in particular with a reduced number of equipment. .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates firstly to a water treatment process, comprising:

ORIGINAL

- water withdrawal from the environment;

- filtration of the water taken in a membrane filtration unit;

- extraction of a production stream from an underground formation containing hydrocarbons;

- the separation and collection of produced water from the production flow;

- filtration of the production water in said membrane filtration unit;

- collecting a stream of treated water from said membrane filtration unit.

According to one embodiment, the water is taken from the sea, a river, a lake, an aquifer and / or a wastewater effluent.

According to one embodiment, the method further comprises purifying the stream of treated water in an additional membrane filtration unit, and collecting a stream of treated and purified water from the additional membrane filtration unit.

According to one embodiment, the method comprises:

- The pretreatment of the produced water prior to the filtration thereof, said pretreatment preferably comprising one or more stages chosen from a gas / liquid separation, a liquid / solid separation and a water / hydrocarbon separation; and or

- the pretreatment of the water withdrawn prior to the filtration thereof, said pretreatment preferably comprising one or more stages chosen from a preliminary filtration, a deoxygenation, a chlorination, a desulfation, a biocide treatment and an injection of anti-compounds. -deposit or anti-corrosion.

According to one embodiment, the method is implemented at sea on a floating support or at the bottom of the sea.

According to one embodiment, the filtration unit is a tangential filtration unit.

According to one embodiment, the filtration in the filtration unit comprises:

- the water supply to at least one membrane filtration module;

- collecting a permeate and collecting a retentate at the outlet of the membrane filtration module Λ

ORIGINAL

- the removal of solids and / or hydrocarbons contained in the retentate, to provide a treated retentate;

- recycling of the treated retentate at the inlet of the membrane filtration module.

The invention also relates to a water treatment installation, comprising:

- means of taking water from the environment;

- a unit for extracting hydrocarbons contained in an underground formation;

- a membrane filtration unit;

- a water intake line sampled from the water sampling means and feeding the membrane filtration unit;

- a production water supply line, fed by the hydrocarbon extraction unit and feeding the membrane filtration unit; and

- a collection line for treated water, from the membrane filtration unit.

According to one embodiment, the membrane filtration unit is a tangential membrane filtration unit.

According to one embodiment, the installation comprises:

- at least one membrane filtration module;

- a water supply line connected to the inlet of the membrane filtration module;

- a permeate collection line connected to the outlet of the membrane filtration modules;

- Retentate collection means connected at the outlet of the membrane filtration modules;

- liquid separation means! strong and ! or water / hydrocarbon separation means supplied by the retentate collection means;

- A treated retentate recycling line connected to the outlet of the liquid / solid separation means and! or means of water / hydrocarbon separation and feeding the water supply line;

and the liquid separation means! solid and / or the water / hydrocarbon separation means preferably comprise a hydrocyclone.

According to one embodiment, the membrane filtration unit comprises a plurality of membrane filtration trains, each train of

ORIGINAL membrane filtration comprising a feed pump and one or more circuits which each include one or more membrane filtration modules; and a distribution system, fed by the sampled water supply line and the production water supply line and feeding the membrane filtration trains.

According to one embodiment, the membrane filtration unit comprises inorganic membrane filters or organic membrane filters or hybrid membrane filters, preferably inorganic membrane filters are ceramic based on Al2O2, TiO ₂ , ZrO ₂ , SiO ₂ , MgO, SiC or a mixture of these and more particularly preferably ceramic membrane filters based on SiC.

According to one embodiment, the installation comprises:

- an additional membrane filtration unit, supplied by the treated water collection line;

- a collection line for treated and purified water connected to the outlet of the additional membrane filtration unit.

According to one embodiment, the installation comprises:

- a pre-treatment unit located on the production water supply line, and preferably comprising one or more separation systems chosen from gas / liquid separation, liquid / solid separation and water separation systems! hydrocarbons; and or

- a pre-treatment unit located on the intake line for sampled water, and preferably comprising one or more equipment chosen from a preliminary filtration system, a deoxygenation system, a chlorination system, a desulfation system, a system biocide treatment and an anti-deposit or anti-corrosion compound injection system.

According to one embodiment, the installation is arranged on a support floating at sea or on the seabed.

The invention also relates to a process for the production of hydrocarbons comprising:

- water treatment according to the process described above;

- optionally the addition of one or more additives in the treated water, and if necessary purified;

- the injection of treated water, and if necessary purified, into the underground formation

ORIGINAL

- the recovery of a stream of hydrocarbons from the production stream.

The present invention overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art. It more particularly provides a water treatment method (and a corresponding installation) which is both efficient and simpler to implement than the methods used in the state of the art. In particular, the invention can be implemented with a reduced number of equipment and with a better rate of use of the equipment.

This is accomplished through a common treatment of water taken from the environment and produced water, using the same equipment, namely the same membrane filtration unit.

According to some particular embodiments, the invention also exhibits one or preferably more of the advantageous characteristics listed below.

- The invention allows versatile treatment. By using the same equipment, it is possible either to treat only water taken from the environment (especially at the initial stage of the operation of the underground formation), or to treat only produced water (if this is harvested in sufficient quantity, after the initial stage of exploitation of the underground formation), or still simultaneously treat production water and water taken from the environment (providing a make-up for injection).

- The invention makes it possible, if desired, to obtain a very good quality of injection water, allowing not only injection into the subterranean formation in fractured mode, but also optionally in matrix mode. It also allows water to be released into the environment.

- The invention makes it possible to obtain a constant water quality regardless of the variations in the supply, and in particular the variations in inlet flow.

- Membrane filtration is easy to control. No gas is generated, which is compatible with underwater use.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Figure 1 shows schematically an embodiment of the installation according to the invention, / to

ORIGINAL

Figure 2 schematically shows an embodiment of the membrane filtration unit used in the invention.

Figure 3 schematically shows an embodiment of a circuit present in the membrane filtration unit used in the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

The invention is now described in more detail and in a non-limiting manner in the description which follows.

Referring to Figure 1, the installation according to the invention comprises a single membrane filtration unit 9, which is fed or capable of being fed by two separate water flows, namely water taken from the environment and production water, and this by means respectively of a supply line for sampled water 2 and a supply line for production water 7.

Produced water refers to water that comes from a production flow, that is, a flow from an underground formation containing hydrocarbons. Specifically, a hydrocarbon extraction unit 30, comprising one or more extraction wells located in the subterranean formation, provides a production flow in a production flow 4 feed line.

The production flow is a mixture of hydrocarbons, water and possibly solid particles and / or gases. This production flow is separated into several fractions in a separation unit 5 supplied by the production flow feed line 4. In particular, at least one hydrocarbon fraction is recovered in a hydrocarbon collection line 6, and one aqueous fraction (production water) is drawn into the production water supply line 7.

The produced water can undergo a preliminary treatment before filtration in the membrane filtration unit 9, if this is necessary taking into account the nature and quality of the produced water, and taking into account the desired specifications for the treated water. In this case, a pre-treatment unit 8 is provided on the production water supply line 7. This pre-treatment unit 8 can for example comprise one or more separation systems chosen from gas / liquid separation systems, liquid / solid separation and water separation! hydrocarbons, which may in particular comprise one or more hydrocyclones, or one or more gravity separation devices ^

ORIGINAL

Pre-treatment unit 8, when present, continues and refines the separation between water, hydrocarbons, solids and gases from the production stream that was initiated in separation unit 5.

According to one embodiment, on the contrary, no pre-treatment of the produced water is provided, the treatment of the produced water being carried out directly in the membrane filtration unit 9 for greater simplicity.

The water withdrawn from the environment is obtained by means of abstraction 1. The term “environment” designates not only the natural environment (water which may for example be withdrawn from rivers or areas of surface water, in particular rivers, lakes and sea, or even that can be taken from an underground aquifer formation), but also non-natural sources of water, such as industrial or domestic effluents (wastewater, sewage and other). Generally speaking, the water withdrawn can come from any water source except the underground formation containing the hydrocarbons. It is, in other words, distinct from produced water.

According to one embodiment, the invention is implemented at sea, and the water is taken from the sea.

The sampling means 1 can include extraction and pumping means.

The water withdrawn can undergo a preliminary treatment before filtration in the membrane filtration unit 9, if this is necessary taking into account the nature and quality of the water withdrawn, and taking into account the desired specifications for the water. processed. In this case, a pre-treatment unit 3 is provided on the intake line for sampled water 2. This pre-treatment unit 3 can for example include a preliminary filtration system; and / or a deoxygenation system; and / or a chlorination system; and / or a desulfation system; and / or a biocidal treatment system; and / or an anti-deposit / anti-corrosion compound injection system.

Thus, the water withdrawn is pretreated, and in particular according to the cases filtered in a preliminary manner; and! or deoxygenated; and / or chlorinated; and / or desulphated; and / or treated with a biocidal agent; and / or with the addition of anti-deposit or anti-corrosion compounds.

The preliminary filtration in question is a coarse filtration by means of one or more filters having a pore size greater than

ORIGINAL pm, and generally greater than 10 μm, greater than 100 μm or even greater than 1 mm.

According to one embodiment, on the contrary, no pre-treatment of the withdrawn water is provided, the treatment of the withdrawn water being carried out directly in the membrane filtration unit 9 for greater simplicity.

The production water and I or the water withdrawn are treated in the membrane filtration unit 9. The treated water is recovered in at least one treated water collection line 31 connected at the outlet of the filtration unit. membrane 9, while a retentate is recovered in a retentate collection line 24, and recycled if the membrane filtration is of the tangential type. The treated water recovered in the treated water collection line 31 is preferably used to be injected into the underground formation, into one or more injection wells. It is possible to add one or more additives to the treated water (for example surfactants or polymers intended to increase the viscosity of the water), in order to increase the efficiency of the sweeping of the underground formation by the injected water. .

According to one embodiment, and with reference to FIG. 2, the membrane filtration unit 9 comprises at least one, and in general several, membrane filtration trains 18, 19. Each membrane filtration train 18, 19 is supplied with power. by a respective train feed line 10, 11, optionally provided with a respective feed pumping system 12, 13.

Each membrane filtration train 18, 19 comprises at least one, and in general several, circuits 14, 15, 16, 17. In the example illustrated, a first membrane filtration train 18 comprises two circuits 14, 15 which are both supplied by the same train supply line 10. Likewise, a second membrane filtration train 19 comprises two circuits 16, 17 which are both supplied by the same train supply line 11.

Each circuit 14, 15, 16, 17 comprises at least one, and in general several, membrane filtration modules. With reference to Figure 3, the membrane filtration modules 22, 23 can be arranged in series and / or in parallel in the circuit. The term “membrane filtration module” denotes an individual membrane filtration element, comprising a membrane filter. Each membrane filtration module provides a permeate (or filtrate) and a retentate. (t)

ORIGINAL

Returning to Figure 2, individual treated water collection lines 14 ’, 15’, 16 ’, 17’ are connected at the output of the respective circuits 14,

15, 16, 17.

The membrane filtration unit 9 therefore has a modular structure and can function in a versatile manner, both at the inlet and at the outlet.

As regards the inlet, the membrane filtration unit 9 advantageously comprises a distribution system 34 to which are connected: at the inlet the line for supplying sampled water 2 and the line for supplying production water 7 ; and at the outlet the train supply lines 10, 11. The distribution system 34 is adapted to separately supply each train supply line 10, 11 either with withdrawn water or with production water. , or with a mixture of withdrawn water and production water, at the choice of the operator.

As regards the outlet, the membrane filtration unit 9 advantageously comprises a distribution system 35 to which are connected: at the inlet the individual treated water collection lines 14 ’, 15’, 16 ’, 17’; and at the outlet the treated water collection line or lines 31.

When the underground formation begins to operate, there is no production water available, and only water taken from the membrane filtration unit 9 is treated. Subsequently, when water production is available, it is advantageous to use this produced water for injection. In this case, only the production water is treated in the membrane filtration unit 9 (we then stop taking water from the environment); either the production water and the water withdrawn (providing additional water) are treated in the membrane filtration unit 9, and this either in separate membrane filtration modules, or in the same membrane filtration (production water and withdrawn water can be mixed).

Therefore, in the method of the invention, the filtration of the withdrawn water and the filtration of the produced water in the membrane separation unit 9 can be carried out successively or simultaneously, depending on the periods of operation.

In the event of excess production water according to injection needs (and in particular in the event of reduction or interruption or stopping of injection), it is possible to reject all or part of the treated water in the environment instead of injecting it into the underground formation

ORIGINAL

The membrane filters present in the membrane filtration unit 9 can be organic (polymer) or inorganic (ceramic) or hybrid (partly inorganic and partly polymer) membrane filters. The choice of membrane filters is made so that they can treat both withdrawn water and production water, despite the different characteristics of these flows.

Preferably, the membrane filters must tolerate the presence of hydrocarbon compounds and in particular of aromatic compounds such as toluene and benzene, which may be present in the production water.

Preferably, the membrane filters must be able to withstand a temperature greater than or equal to 40 ° C, in particular greater than or equal to 50'0, in particular greater than or equal to 60 ° C, in particular greater than or equal to 70 ° C, in particular greater than or equal to at 80 ° C, or even greater than or equal to 90 ° C, since the production water can reach or exceed such temperature thresholds.

For all of these reasons, it is preferable to use ceramic membrane filters (which can in particular withstand a hydrocarbon content of up to 1 or even 3% as well as a temperature above 100 ° C), and in particular membrane filters based on Al ₂ O ₂ , TiO ₂ , ZrO ₂ , SiO ₂ , MgO, SiC or a mixture of these. SiC-based membrane filters are particularly preferred on account of their high hydrophilicity and their resistance to abrasion: they make it possible to obtain a higher permeate flux and are easier to clean.

Certain organic membrane filters, in particular those based on the material known as Teflon®, may also be suitable, depending on the applications.

According to one embodiment, all the filtration trains 18, 19 of the membrane filtration unit 9 are identical; and / or all the circuits 14, 15, 16, 17 of the filtration trains 18, 19 are identical; and / or all the membrane filtration modules 22, 23 and all the membrane filters are identical.

Alternatively, the filtration trains 18, 19 of the membrane filtration unit 9 can be different.

The membrane filtration unit 9 can be a frontal or tangential filtration unit. Frontal membrane filtration is more economical, while tangential membrane filtration allows fl

ORIGINAL reduce filter clogging and therefore reduce the frequency of required maintenance (or increase the life of the unit).

The membrane filtration unit 9 is preferably a microfiltration or ultrafiltration unit, that is to say that the membrane filters which it contains have a pore size of 0.01 to 10 μm, and preferably from 0.01 to 1 µm. Thus, the membrane filtration unit 9 is suitable for removing drops of hydrocarbons as well as solids suspended in water.

For example, the water entering the membrane filtration unit 9 can contain up to 1000 ppm of hydrocarbons and up to 200 mg / L of suspended solids. The treated water at the outlet of the membrane filtration unit 9 may contain less than 10 ppm (preferably less than 5 ppm or even less than 1 ppm) of hydrocarbons and less than 10 mg / l (preferably less than 1 mg / l) suspended solids: it is thus suitable for injection (including in matrix mode) or for release into the environment.

If it is desired to obtain an even higher water purity, and in particular to eliminate the dissolved salts, an additional membrane filtration unit 32 is provided, supplied by the treated water collection line 31. This additional membrane filtration unit 32 is provided. preferably a nanofitration or reverse osmosis unit (comprising membrane filters having a pore size of less than 0.01 μm). Treated and purified water is then collected in a treated and purified water collection line 33 connected to the outlet of the additional membrane filtration unit 32.

Additional treatment means can also be provided as needed, for example a water deoxygenation unit between the membrane filtration unit 9 and the additional membrane filtration unit 32 (in this case it is unnecessary to provide a deoxygenation upstream of the membrane filtration unit 9).

It may be advantageous to heat the water at the inlet of the membrane filtration unit 9, in order to reduce its viscosity and to reduce the risks of the membrane filters clogging by hydrocarbons. To do this, a heat exchanger is provided on the sample water supply line 2 and / or on the production water supply line 7 and / or on the train supply lines 10, 11 .

The heat exchanger can for example be coupled with the treated water collection pipe or pipes 31 or with the individual lines

ORIGINAL collection of treated water 14 ", 15", 16 ", 17", in order to recover the calories from the treated water (which can typically be at a temperature of 30 to 90 ° C),

The invention can be implemented on land or at sea. The implementation at sea can be on a floating support or a platform, or on the seabed, using suitable equipment (marinization of the equipment).

Variant

In the case of tangential filtration, a variant of the invention provides for coupling the membrane filtration to purification of the retentate continuously in the filtration loop or discontinuously when this is necessary for separation.

More precisely, and with reference to FIG. 3, a circuit of the membrane filtration unit 9 comprises a water supply line 29, on which is arranged a circulation pump 21. The supply line of water 29 opens into one or more membrane filtration modules 22, 23. In the illustrated embodiment, two membrane filtration modules 22, 23 arranged in parallel are provided.

At the outlet of the membrane filtration modules 22, 23 is connected a permeate collection line 25. This permeate collection line 25 corresponds to an individual treated water collection line 14 ', 15', 16 ', 17' described. above in relation to figure 2.

Also at the outlet of the membrane filtration modules 22, 23 are connected retentate collection means 24. In the illustrated case, this is a retentate collection line.

The retentate collection means 24 feed the separation means 26 which can be liquid / solid separation means; or means of water separation! hydrocarbons; or else liquid / solid separation means associated with water / hydrocarbon separation means.

The separation means 26 may include gravity separation means of the settling type or separation means by flotation. But preferably it is hydrocyclone (s) for sandblasting and / or deoiling because these devices are relatively compact.

It is still possible to use a rotating hydrocyclone, such as that described in application No. FR 09/59254 of December 18, 2009. ^ 4.

ORIGINAL

At least one contaminant collection line 27 is connected at the output of the separation means 26; it makes it possible to recover the materials removed from the retentate (hydrocarbons and / or solids).

A line for recycling treated retentate 28 is also connected at the outlet of the separation means 26; it makes it possible to recover the majority of the retentate, freed from part of its contaminants (hydrocarbons and / or solids). The treated retentate recycling line 28 supplies the water supply line 29. A water supply line 20 also opens into the water supply line 29. It comes from a supply line. train 10, 11 and supplies the membrane filtration modules 22, 23 with the water taken and / or the production water to be treated.

The present variant makes it possible to limit the quantity of contaminants (hydrocarbons and / or solids) in contact with the membrane filters, and therefore to reduce the risks of clogging and to increase the service life of the membrane filters, while making it possible to reduce the amount of retentate to be treated. The power of the circulation pump 21 is adapted to take into account the presence of the separation means 26.

According to another embodiment (not illustrated), it is possible to provide a separator (in particular a hydrocyclone) coupled directly to the outlet of each membrane filtration module 22, 23. In this case, the retentate collection means 24 are simply means. connection between the membrane filtration modules 22, 23 and the respective separators, which ensures optimal compact integration of the various equipment.

In general, the separation of solids and / or drops of hydrocarbons in the retentate is all the more effective the higher the flow rate of the retentate and the higher the concentration of solids and / or drops of hydrocarbons. high (in any case higher than in the flow feeding the membrane filtration unit): these are particularly favorable conditions for separation means of the hydrocyclone type. There is therefore a particularly effective coupling between the filtration membranes and the separation means associated with them.

Claims (16)

1. Water treatment process, comprising: - water withdrawal from the environment; - filtration of the water taken in a membrane filtration unit; - extraction of a production stream from an underground formation containing hydrocarbons; - the separation and collection of produced water from the production flow; - filtration of the production water in said membrane filtration unit; - collecting a stream of treated water from said membrane filtration unit. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the water is taken from the sea, a river, a lake, an aquifer and / or a wastewater effluent. 3. The method of claim 1 or 2, further comprising purifying the stream of treated water in an additional membrane filtration unit, and collecting a stream of treated and purified water from the membrane filtration unit. additional. 4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: - The pretreatment of the produced water prior to the filtration thereof, said pretreatment preferably comprising one or more stages chosen from a gas separation! liquid, liquid / solid separation and water / hydrocarbon separation; and or - the pretreatment of the water withdrawn prior to the filtration thereof, said pretreatment preferably comprising one or more stages chosen from a preliminary filtration, a deoxygenation, a chlorination, a desulphation, a biocidal treatment and an injection of anti compounds. -deposit or anti- corrosion.Gb ORIGINAL 5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, which is implemented at sea on a floating support or on the seabed. 6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the filtration unit is a tangential filtration unit. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the filtration in the filtration unit comprises: - the water supply to at least one membrane filtration module; - collecting a permeate and collecting a retentate at the outlet of the membrane filtration module; - sampling of solids and / or hydrocarbons contained in the retentate, to provide a treated retentate; - recycling of the treated retentate at the inlet of the membrane filtration module. 8. Water treatment installation, comprising: - means of taking water (1) from the environment; - a unit for extracting hydrocarbons (30) contained in an underground formation; - a membrane filtration unit (9); - a water intake line sampled (2), coming from the water sampling means (1) and feeding the membrane filtration unit (9); - a production water supply line (7), supplied by the hydrocarbon extraction unit (30) and supplying the membrane filtration unit (9); and - a treated water collection line (31), from the membrane filtration unit (9). 9. Installation according to claim 8, wherein the membrane filtration unit (9) is a tangential membrane filtration unit. 10. Installation according to claim 9, comprising: ORIGINAL - at least one membrane filtration module (22, 23); - a water supply line (29) connected to the inlet of the membrane filtration module (22, 23); - a permeate collection line (25) connected at the outlet of the membrane filtration modules (22, 23); - retentate collection means (24) connected at the outlet of the membrane filtration modules (22, 23); - liquid / solid separation means (26) and / or water / hydrocarbon separation means (26) supplied by the retentate collection means (24); - A treated retentate recycling line (28) connected to the outlet of the liquid separation means (26)! solid and / or water / hydrocarbon separation means (26) and supplying the water supply line (29); wherein the liquid / solid separation means (26) and / or the water / hydrocarbon separation means (26) preferably comprise a hydrocyclone. 11. Installation according to one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the membrane filtration unit (9) comprises a plurality of membrane filtration trains (18, 19), each membrane filtration train (18, 19) comprising a feed pump (12, 13) and one or more circuits (14, 15, 16, 17) which each include one or more membrane filtration modules; and a distribution system (34), fed by the sampled water supply line (2) and the production water supply line (7) and feeding the membrane filtration trains (18, 19). 12. Installation according to one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the membrane filtration unit (9) comprises inorganic membrane filters or organic membrane filters or hybrid membrane filters, preferably inorganic membrane filters are ceramic to based on Al ₂ O ₂ , TiO ₂ , ZrO ₂ , SiO ₂ , MgO, SiC or a mixture of these and more particularly preferably ceramic membrane filters based on SiC. ORIGINAL 13, Installation according to one of claims 8 to 12, comprising: - an additional membrane filtration unit (32), supplied by the treated water collection line (31); - a collection line for treated and purified water (33) connected to the outlet of the additional membrane filtration unit (32). 14, Installation according to one of claims 8 to 13, comprising: - a pre-treatment unit (8) located on the production water supply line (7), and preferably comprising one or more separation systems chosen from among gas / liquid separation systems, liquid / solid separation and water / hydrocarbon separation; and or - a pre-treatment unit (3) located on the sampled water supply line (2), and preferably comprising one or more equipment chosen from a preliminary filtration system, a deoxygenation system, a chlorination system, a desulfation system, a biocide treatment system and an anti-deposit or anti-corrosion compound injection system. 15, Installation according to one of claims 8 to 14, arranged on a floating support at sea or on the seabed. 16. A process for the production of hydrocarbons comprising: - a water treatment according to the process of claims 1 to 7; - optionally the addition of one or more additives in the treated water, and if necessary purified; - injection of treated water, and if necessary purified, into the underground formation; - the recovery of a stream of hydrocarbons from the production stream.