Papers by Patrick K . Mukadi
Vaccine, Feb 1, 2020
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American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Oct 2, 2019
Schistosomiasis afflicts an estimated 10 million pregnant women in Africa annually. With mounting... more Schistosomiasis afflicts an estimated 10 million pregnant women in Africa annually. With mounting evidence of adverse impacts to reproductive health resulting from urogenital schistosomiasis, including increased transmission of HIV, further research on prenatal disease epidemiology is warranted, with implications for maternal and fetal health. Between October 2016 and March 2017, we conducted a cross-sectional study examining the prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis and its association with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) other than HIV among pregnant women visiting antenatal clinics in Kisantu health zone, Democratic Republic of Congo. An extensive sociodemographic and clinical survey was administered to consenting participants, with urine samples and vaginal swabs collected to deduce active schistosomiasis and STIs, respectively. In total, 17.4% of expectant mothers were infected with Schistosoma haematobium, 3.1% with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), 1.4% with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and 14.6% with Trichomonas vaginalis (TV). Women infected with urogenital schistosomiasis were at significantly increased odds of harboring a CT, NG, or TV infection (adjusted odds ratio = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.5, 6.0), but reports of clinical symptoms were low, ranging from 17.2% of schistosomiasis to 30.8% of TV cases. Laboratory confirmation of schistosomiasis and STIs provided objective evidence of disease in a cohort with low symptomology where syndromic management may not suffice. Shedding light on local risk factors and associated coinfections of urogenital schistosomiasis can identify unique intervention opportunities for prenatal care in trematode-endemic regions and aid in reducing adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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PLOS ONE, Mar 7, 2019
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Aug 12, 2021
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, May 18, 2022
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The Cochrane library, Feb 25, 2022
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Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, Feb 1, 2018
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Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 2018
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The Cochrane library, Jul 26, 2022
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Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 2017
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Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, May 1, 2017
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Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, Oct 19, 2018
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Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
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PLOS ONE
Background Tetanus is a potentially fatal disease that is preventable through vaccination. While ... more Background Tetanus is a potentially fatal disease that is preventable through vaccination. While the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has continued to improve implementing routine vaccination activities throughout the country, they have struggled to maintain high childhood vaccine coverage. This study aims to examine the seroprevalence of tetanus in children 6 to 59 months to identify areas for intervention and improvement of vaccination coverage. Methods In collaboration with the 2013–2014 Demographic and Health Survey, we assessed the seroprevalence of tetanus antibodies among children in the DRC. Dried blood spot samples collected from children 6–59 months of age were processed using a prototype DYNEX Multiplier® chemiluminescent automated immunoassay instrument with a multiplex measles, mumps, rubella, varicella and tetanus assay. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with tetanus vaccination and seroprotection. Results Overall, 36.1% o...
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PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2022
Although multiple antigenically distinct ebolavirus species can cause human disease, previous ser... more Although multiple antigenically distinct ebolavirus species can cause human disease, previous serosurveys focused on only Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV). Thus, the extent of reactivity or exposure to other ebolaviruses, and which sociodemographic factors are linked to this seroreactivity, are unclear. We conducted a serosurvey of 539 healthcare workers (HCW) in Mbandaka, Democratic Republic of the Congo, using ELISA-based analysis of serum IgG against EBOV, Sudan ebolavirus (SUDV) and Bundibugyo ebolavirus (BDBV) glycoproteins (GP). We compared seroreactivity to risk factors for viral exposure using univariate and multivariable logistic regression. Seroreactivity against different GPs ranged from 2.2–4.6%. Samples from six individuals reacted to all three species of ebolavirus and 27 samples showed a species-specific IgG response. We find that community health volunteers are more likely to be seroreactive against each antigen than nurses, and in general, that HCWs with indirect patient con...
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2022
Significance This paper describes findings from a seroepidemiologic study involving a cohort of E... more Significance This paper describes findings from a seroepidemiologic study involving a cohort of Ebola-vaccinated individuals from North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), who were studied as part of a collaborative effort between American and Congolese scientists and epidemiologists. Our study examines antibody response at 21 d and 6 mo postvaccination after single-dose rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP vaccination among Ebola virus disease–exposed and potentially exposed populations in the DRC. At 21 d of follow-up, 87.2% had an antibody response. Additionally, 95.6% demonstrated antibody persistence at 6 mo of follow-up. These findings give crucial evidence that antibody response and persistence after Ebola vaccination is robust in outbreak settings in the DRC, knowledge that significantly informs the use of vaccination for outbreak control.
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BMC Infectious Diseases, 2022
Background Vaccination efforts to eradicate polio currently focus on children under 5 years of ag... more Background Vaccination efforts to eradicate polio currently focus on children under 5 years of age, among whom most cases of poliomyelitis still occur. However, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), an outbreak of wild poliovirus type 1 occurred in 2010–2011 in which 16% of cases occurred among adults; in a related outbreak in the neighboring Republic of Congo, 75% of cases occurred among the same adult age-group. Given that infected adults may transmit poliovirus, this study was designed to assess adult immunity against polioviruses. Methods We assessed poliovirus seroprevalence using dried blood spots from 5,526 adults aged 15–59 years from the 2013–2014 Demographic and Health Survey in the DRC. Results Among adults in the DRC, 74%, 72%, and 57% were seropositive for neutralizing antibodies for poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3, respectively. For all three serotypes, seroprevalence tended to be higher among older age groups, those living in households with more children, and a...
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Vaccine, 2021
Background In 2018, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) declared its 9th and 10th Zaire eb... more Background In 2018, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) declared its 9th and 10th Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) outbreaks, in the Equateur province (end: July 2018), and in the eastern provinces including North Kivu (end: June 2020). The DRC Ministry of Health deployed the rVSV-vectored glycoprotein (VSV-EBOV) vaccine in response during both outbreaks. Methods A cohort of vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals from the Equateur province were enrolled and followed prospectively for 6 months. Among participants included in this analysis, 505 were vaccinated and 1,418 were unvaccinated. Differences in transmission behaviors pre- and post- outbreak were identified, along with associations between behaviors and vaccination. Results There was an overall increase in the proportion of both unvaccinated and vaccinated individuals in Mbandaka who participated in risky activities post-outbreak. Travel outside of the province pre-outbreak was associated with vaccination. Post-outbreak, vaccinated individuals were less likely to participate in funeral traditions than unvaccinated individuals. Conclusion A net increase in activities considered high risk was observed in both groups despite significant efforts to inform the population of risky behaviors. The absence of a reduction in transmission behavior post-outbreak should be considered for improving future behavior change campaigns in order to prevent recurrent outbreaks.
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PLOS ONE, 2019
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Papers by Patrick K . Mukadi