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nLab finite topological space (Rev #6, changes)

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Context

Topology

topology (point-set topology, point-free topology)

see also differential topology, algebraic topology, functional analysis and topological homotopy theory

Introduction

Basic concepts

Universal constructions

Extra stuff, structure, properties

Examples

Basic statements

Theorems

Analysis Theorems

topological homotopy theory

Contents

Definition

Definition

A finite topological space is a topological space whose underlying set is a finite set.

Properties

Finite topological spaces are equivalent to finite preordered sets, by the specialisation order.

Theorem

Finite topological spaces have the same weak homotopy type as finite simplicial complexes / finite CW-complexes.

This is due to McCord . For example, if2\mathbf{2} is Sierpinski space (two points 00, 11 and three opens βˆ…\emptyset, {1}\{1\}, and {0,1}\{0, 1\}), then the continuous map I=[0,1]β†’2I = [0, 1] \to \mathbf{2} taking 00 to 00 and t>0t \gt 0 to 11 is a weak homotopy equivalence. For any finite topological space XX with specialization order π’ͺ(X)\mathcal{O}(X), the topological interval map Iβ†’2I \to \mathbf{2} induces a weak homotopy equivalence Bπ’ͺ(X)β†’XB\mathcal{O}(X) \to X:

Bπ’ͺ(X)=∫ [n]βˆˆΞ”Cat([n],π’ͺ(X))β‹…Int([n],I)β†’βˆ« [n]βˆˆΞ”Cat([n],π’ͺ(X))β‹…Int([n],2)β‰…XB\mathcal{O}(X) = \int^{[n] \in \Delta} Cat([n], \mathcal{O}(X)) \cdot Int([n], I) \to \int^{[n] \in \Delta} Cat([n], \mathcal{O}(X)) \cdot Int([n], \mathbf{2}) \cong X
Example

If 2\mathbf{2} is Sierpinski space (two points 00, 11 and three opens βˆ…\emptyset, {1}\{1\}, and {0,1}\{0, 1\}), then the continuous map I=[0,1]β†’2I = [0, 1] \to \mathbf{2} taking 00 to 00 and t>0t \gt 0 to 11 is a weak homotopy equivalence.

For any finite topological space XX with specialization order π’ͺ(X)\mathcal{O}(X), the topological interval map Iβ†’2I \to \mathbf{2} induces a weak homotopy equivalence Bπ’ͺ(X)β†’XB\mathcal{O}(X) \to X:

Bπ’ͺ(X)=∫ [n]βˆˆΞ”Cat([n],π’ͺ(X))β‹…Int([n],I)β†’βˆ« [n]βˆˆΞ”Cat([n],π’ͺ(X))β‹…Int([n],2)β‰…XB\mathcal{O}(X) = \int^{[n] \in \Delta} Cat([n], \mathcal{O}(X)) \cdot Int([n], I) \to \int^{[n] \in \Delta} Cat([n], \mathcal{O}(X)) \cdot Int([n], \mathbf{2}) \cong X

(where we implicitly identify Ξ” op\Delta^{op} with the category IntInt of finite intervals with distinct top and bottom).

On the other hand, any finite simplicial complex XX is homotopy equivalent to its barycentric subdivision, which is the geometric realization of the poset of simplices ordered by inclusion. Thus finite posets model the weak homotopy types of finite simplicial complexes.

(where we implicitly identify Ξ” op\Delta^{op} with the category IntInt of finite intervals with distinct top and bottom).

On the other hand, any finite simplicial complex XX is homotopy equivalent to its barycentric subdivision, which is the geometric realization of the poset of simplices ordered by inclusion. Thus finite posets model the weak homotopy types of finite simplicial complexes.

Examples

References

A survey is in

  • Jonathan A. Barmak, TopologΓ­a Algebraica de Espacios TopolΓ³gicos Finitos y Aplicaciones (pdf)

The original results by McCord are in

  • M.C. McCord. Homotopy type comparison of a space with complexes associated with its open covers . Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 18 (1967), 705-708.
  • M.C. McCord. Singular homology groups and homotopy groups of finite topological spaces , Duke Math. J. 33 (1966), 465-474. (EUCLID)

Revision on September 3, 2012 at 20:42:07 by Urs Schreiber See the history of this page for a list of all contributions to it.