Abstract
We study the average size of independent (vertex) sets of a graph. This invariant can be regarded as the logarithmic derivative of the independence polynomial evaluated at 1. We are specifically concerned with extremal questions. The maximum and minimum for general graphs are attained by the empty and complete graph respectively, while for trees we prove that the path minimises the average size of independent sets and the star maximises it. Although removing a vertex does not always decrease the average size of independent sets, we prove that there always exists a vertex for which this is the case.
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This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of South Africa (Grants 96236 and 96310).
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Andriantiana, E.O.D., Razanajatovo Misanantenaina, V. & Wagner, S. The average size of independent sets of graphs. European Journal of Mathematics 6, 561–576 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40879-019-00333-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40879-019-00333-8