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Data-Driven Self-sensing Technique for Active Magnetic Bearing

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Abstract

In the last two decades, soft sensors proved themselves as a valuable alternative to the physical sensor for gathering critical process information. A self-sensing technique for the magnetic bearing is considered as a soft sensor since the object position is estimated from the current signal of the electromagnet. Self-sensing techniques developed so far are the model-driven soft sensors. This paper presents a data-driven self-sensing technique to compensate for the nonlinear characteristic of the electromagnet. First, model-driven self-sensing techniques and their problems are reviewed. Then, data-driven self-sensing technique using recurrent neural network (RNN) is proposed to compensate for the nonlinear characteristics. Both the position control and self-sensing with the RNN are implemented in a single digital signal processor. The effectiveness of the proposed method is experimentally verified by comparison with the current slope method. Both estimation errors during initial levitation and jitter after levitation are reduced by 90% and 36%, respectively. Estimation error with 2 Hz sine wave is improved by 65.9%, while jitter during self-sensing levitation is cut down to 26.8%.

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Abbreviations

A g :

Cross-section area of E core

a :

Area ratio of E core

b :

RNN bias

h i :

RNN ith hidden layer value

H :

Unit step function

I :

Current

L :

Coil inductance

N c :

Number of PWM period

R :

Coil resistance

T S :

PWM switching period

u :

PWM voltage to drive the coil

U :

RNN input weight

V dc :

DC link voltage

W :

RNN layer weight

x :

Air gap

x 0 :

Nominal air gap

x n :

Discretized air gap

\({\hat{x}}_{n}\) :

Estimated air gap

X i :

RNN ith input value

β :

Voltage coefficient

γ :

PWM duty cycle

μ 0 :

Magnetic permeability of air

τ :

Time constant of coil

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Acknowledgements

This paper was supported by the Korea Institute of Advancement of Technology (KIAT) Grant funded by the Korea Government (MOTIE) (P0006915, Korea-China Joint R&D Project) and by the Soongsil University Research Fund of 2018.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School, Soongsil University, 396, Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea

    Seong Jong Yoo

  2. Department of Bioinformatics, Soongsil University, 396, Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea

    Sinyoung Kim

  3. School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, 396, Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea

    Kwang-Hwi Cho

  4. School of Mechanical Engineering, Soongsil University, 396, Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea

    Hyeong-Joon Ahn

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  1. Seong Jong Yoo
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Correspondence to Hyeong-Joon Ahn.

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Yoo, S.J., Kim, S., Cho, KH. et al. Data-Driven Self-sensing Technique for Active Magnetic Bearing. Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. 22, 1031–1038 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-021-00525-x

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