Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections Observed in the Heliosphere: 1. Review of Theory

  • Published:
Space Science Reviews Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

With the recent advancements in interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) imaging it is necessary to understand how heliospheric images may be interpreted, particularly at large elongation angles. Of crucial importance is how the current methods used for coronal mass ejection measurement in coronagraph images must be changed to account for the large elongations involved in the heliosphere. In this review of theory we build up a picture of ICME appearance and evolution at large elongations in terms of how it would appear to an observer near 1 AU from the Sun. We begin by revisiting the basics of Thomson scattering describing how ICMEs are detected, in this we attempt to clarify a number of common misconceptions. We then build up from a single electron to an integrated line of sight, consider the ICME as a collection of lines of sight and describe how a map of ICME appearance may be developed based on its appearance relative to each line of sight. Finally, we discuss how the topology of the ICME affects its observed geometry and kinematic properties, particularly at large elongations. This review is the first of a three-part series of papers, where a review of theory is presented here and a model is developed and used in subsequent papers.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • D.E. Billings, A Guide to the Solar Corona (Academic Press, San Diego, 1966)

    Google Scholar 

  • G.E. Brueckner, R.A. Howard, M.J. Koomen, C.M. Korendyke, D.J. Michels, J.D. Moses, D.G. Socker, K.P. Dere, P.L. Lamy, A. Llebaria, M.V. Bout, R. Schwenn, G.M. Simnett, D.K. Bedford, C.J. Eyles, Sol. Phys. 162, 357 (1995)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • L.F. Burlaga, E. Sittler, F. Mariani, R. Schwenn, J. Geophys. Res. 86, 6673 (1981)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • H.L. DeMastus, W.J. Wagner, R.D. Robinson, Sol. Phys. 100, 449 (1973)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • M. Dryer, Space Sci. Rev. 67, 363 (1994)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • C.J. Eyles, G.M. Simnett, M.P. Cooke, B.V. Jackson, A. Buffington, N.R. Waltham, J.M. King, P.A. Anderson, P.E. Holladay, Sol. Phys. 217, 319 (2003)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • J.T. Gosling, J. Geophys. Res. 98, 18937 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • R.A. Harrison, C.J. Davis, C.J. Eyles, D. Bewsher, S.R. Crothers, J.A. Davies, R.A. Howard, D.J. Moses, D.G. Socker, J.S. Newmark, J.-P. Halain, J.-M. Defise, E. Mazy, P. Rochus, D.F. Webb, G.M. Simnett, Sol. Phys. 247, 171 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • A. Hewish, M.D. Symonds, Planet. Space Sci. 17, 318 (1969)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • A. Hewish, P.F. Scott, D. Wills, Nature 203, 1214 (1964)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • A. Hewish, S.J. Tappin, G.R. Gapper, Nature 314, 137 (1985)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • A.R. Hinks, Map Projections (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1912)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • T.A. Howard, S.J. Tappin, Space Sci. Rev. (2009, this issue)

  • T.A. Howard, D.F. Webb, S.J. Tappin, D.R. Mizuno, J.C. Johnston, J. Geophys. Res. 111, A04105 (2006). doi:10.1029/2005JA011349

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • T.A. Howard, C.D. Fry, J.C. Johnston, D.F. Webb, Astrophys. J. 667, 610 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Z. Houminer, Nat. Phys. Sci. 231, 165 (1971)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Z. Houminer, Planet. Space Sci. 21, 1617 (1973)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Z. Houminer, A. Hewish, Planet. Space Sci. 20, 1703 (1972)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • A.J. Hundhausen, J. Geophys. Res. 78, 1528 (1973)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • B.V. Jackson, H.R. Froehling, Astron. Astrophys. 299, 885 (1995)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • B.V. Jackson, P. Hick, Adv. Space Res. 25, 1875 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • B.V. Jackson, P. Hick, in Solar and Space Weather Radiophysics, Current Status and Future Developments, ed. by D.E. Gary, C.U. Keller, vol. 314 (Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, 2005), p. 355, Chap. 17

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • B.V. Jackson, C. Leinert, J. Geophys. Res. 90, 10759 (1985)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • B.V. Jackson, A. Buffington, P.P. Hick, R.C. Altrock, S. Figueroa, P.E. Holladay, J.C. Johnston, S.W. Kahler, J.B. Mozer, S. Price, R.R. Radick, R. Sagalyn, D. Sinclair, G.M. Simnett, C.J. Eyles, M.P. Cooke, S.J. Tappin, T. Kuchar, D.R. Mizuno, D.F. Webb, P.A. Anderson, S.L. Keil, R.E. Gold, N.R. Waltham, Sol. Phys. 225, 177 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • B.V. Jackson, A. Buffington, P.P. Hick, D.F. Webb, J. Geophys. Res. 111, A04S91 (2006). doi:10/1029/2004JA010942

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • J.D. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics, 2nd edn. (Wiley, New York, 1975)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • R.A. Jones, A.R. Breen, R.A. Fallows, A. Canals, M.M. Bisi, G. Lawrence, J. Geophys. Res. 112, A08107 (2007). doi:10.1029/2006JA011875

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • H. Kimura, I. Mann, Earth Planets Space 50, 493 (1998)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • S. Koutchmy, P.L. Lamy, in Properties and Interactions of Interplanetary Dust, ed. by R.H. Giese, P. Lamy (Springer, Berlin, 1985), p. 63

    Google Scholar 

  • J.B. Leighly, Geogr. Rev. 45, 246 (1955)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • C. Leinert, H. Link, E. Pitz, N. Salm, D. Knuppleberg, Raumfahartforschung 19, 264 (1975)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • P.K. Manoharan, M. Tokumaru, M. Pick, P. Subramanian, F.M. Ipavich, K. Schenk, M.L. Kaiser, R.P. Lepping, A. Vourlidas, Astrophys. J. 559, 1180 (2001)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • M. Minnaert, Z. Astrophys. 1, 209 (1930)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • A. Schuster, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 40, 35 (1879)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • R. Schwenn, A. Dal Lago, E. Huttunen, W.D. Gonzalez, Ann. Geophys. 23, 1033 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • N.R. Sheeley Jr., A.D. Herbst, C.A. Palatchi, Y.-M. Wang, R.A. Howard, J.D. Moses, A. Vourlidas, J.S. Newmark, D.G. Socker, S.P. Plunkett, C.M. Korendyke, Astrophys. J. 675, 853 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • S.J. Tappin, Planet. Space Sci. 35, 271 (1987)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • S.J. Tappin, T.A. Howard, Space Sci. Rev. (2009, this issue)

  • S.J. Tappin, Z.K. Smith, M. Dryer, Planet. Space Sci. 38, 955 (1990)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • S.J. Tappin, A. Buffington, M.P. Cooke, C.J. Eyles, P.P. Hick, P.E. Holladay, B.V. Jackson, J.C. Johnston, T. Kuchar, D. Mizuno, J.B. Mozer, S. Price, R.R. Radick, G.M. Simnett, D. Sinclair, N.R. Waltham, D.F. Webb, Geophys. Res. Lett. 31, L02802 (2004). doi:10.1029/2003GL018766

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • R. Tousey, Space Res. 13, 713 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • H.C. van de Hulst, Bull. Astron. Inst. Neth. 11, 135 (1950)

    ADS  Google Scholar 

  • A. Vourlidas, R.A. Howard, Astrophys. J. 642, 1216 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • D.F. Webb, D.R. Mizuno, A. Buffington, M.P. Cooke, C.J. Eyles, C.D. Fry, L.C. Gentile, P.P. Hick, P.E. Holladay, T.A. Howard, J.G. Hewitt, B.V. Jackson, J.C. Johnston, T.A. Kuchar, J.B. Mozer, S. Price, R.R. Radick, G.M. Simnett, S.J. Tappin, J. Geophys. Res. 111, 12101 (2006). doi:10.1029/2006JA011655

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • D.F. Webb, T.A. Howard, C.D. Fry, T.A. Kuchar, D. Odstrĉil, B.V. Jackson, M.M. Bisi, R.A. Harrison, J.S. Morrill, R.A. Howard, J.C. Johnston, Sol. Phys. 256, 239 (2009)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • X.-P. Zhao, J. Geophys. Res. 97, 15051 (1992)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Air Force Research Laboratory, National Solar Observatory, Sunspot, NM, 88349, USA

    Timothy A. Howard & S. James Tappin

  2. Department of Space Studies, Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO, 80302, USA

    Timothy A. Howard

Authors
  1. Timothy A. Howard
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. S. James Tappin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Timothy A. Howard.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Howard, T.A., Tappin, S.J. Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections Observed in the Heliosphere: 1. Review of Theory. Space Sci Rev 147, 31–54 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-009-9542-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-009-9542-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation