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The emotional hearing aid: an assistive tool for children with Asperger syndrome

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Abstract

People diagnosed along the autistic spectrum often have difficulties interacting with others in natural social environments. The emotional hearing aid is a portable assistive computer-based technology designed to help children with Asperger syndrome read and respond to the facial expressions of people they interact with. The tool implements the two principal elements that constitute one’s ability to empathize with others: the ability to identify a person’s mental state, a process known as mind-reading or theory of mind, and the ability to react appropriately to it (known as sympathizing). An automated mind-reading system attributes a mental state to a person by observing the behaviour of that person in real-time. Then the reaction advisor suggests to the user of the emotional hearing an appropriate reaction to the recognized mental state. This paper describes progress in the development and validation of the emotional hearing aid on two fronts. First, the implementation of the reaction advisor is described, showing how it takes into account the persistence, intensity and degree of confidence of a mental state inference. Second, the paper presents an experimental evaluation of the automated mind-reading system on six classes of complex mental states. In light of this progress, the paper concludes with a discussion of the challenges that still need to be addressed in developing and validating the emotional hearing aid.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Alex Birkby for implementing the reaction advisor in the context of his Computer Science Diploma dissertation at the University of Cambridge. We would also like to thank Professor Simon Baron-Cohen and Ofer Golan, at the Autism Research Centre, University of Cambridge for inspiring discussions about the automated mind-reading system and for making the Mind-reading DVD available to our research, and the anonymous reviewers for their valuable input. This research was funded by the Computer Laboratory’s Wiseman Fund, the Overseas Research Student Award, the Cambridge Overseas Trust, and Newnham College Studentship Research Award.

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  1. Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FD, UK

    R. el Kaliouby & P. Robinson

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  1. R. el Kaliouby
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Correspondence to R. el Kaliouby.

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Kaliouby, R.e., Robinson, P. The emotional hearing aid: an assistive tool for children with Asperger syndrome. Univ Access Inf Soc 4, 121–134 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-005-0119-0

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