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C-EEUC: a Cluster Routing Protocol for Coal Mine Wireless Sensor Network Based on Fog Computing and 5G

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Abstract

In underground coal mine, the routing protocol in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based on fog computing can effectively achieve combination the monitoring task with the computing task, and provide the correct data forwarding path to meet the requirements of the aggregation and transmission of sensed information. However, the energy efficiency is still taken into account, especially, the unbalance of energy consumption. 5G is a technical system of high frequency and low frequency mixing, with characteristics of large capacity, low energy consumption and low cost. With the formal freeze on 5G NSA standards, 5G networks are one step closer to our lives. In this paper, a centralized non-uniform clustering routing protocol C-EEUC based on the residual energy and communication cost. The C-EEUC protocol considers all nodes as candidate cluster heads in the clustering stage and defines a weight matrix P. The value of the matrix elements takes into account the residual energy of nodes and the cost of communication between nodes and cluster heads, selected as the basis for the cluster head. When selecting a cluster head, each time a node with the largest weight is selected from a set of candidate cluster heads, other candidate cluster heads within the competition range abandon competition, and then updates the candidate cluster head set. Experimental results show that the protocol optimized in this paper can effectively extend the network life cycle.

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Acknowledgements

The research is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51874300), the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Shanxi Provincial People’s Government Jointly Funded Project of China for Coal Base and Low Carbon(Grant No.U1510115), National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos. 51874299, 51104157),the Qing Lan Project, the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China (CN) (Grant No.2013 T60574), the Ph.D. Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No.20110095120008), the Shanghai Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 17ZR1428900), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No 20100481181) and the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. YJKYYQ20170074), and the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Wireless Sensor Network & Communication, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, grant numbers 20190902 and 20190913.

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Author notes

  1. Wei Chen and Bobin Zhang contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China

    Wei Chen, Bobin Zhang, Xiao Yang & Xiaorong Jiang

  2. Mine Digitization Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China

    Wei Chen, Bobin Zhang, Xiao Yang & Xiaorong Jiang

  3. Key Laboratory of Wireless Sensor Network & Communication, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201899, China

    Wei Chen, Weidong Fang & Wuxiong Zhang

  4. School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China

    Wei Chen

  5. Shanghai Research Center for Wireless Communications, Shanghai, 201210, China

    Wuxiong Zhang

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  1. Wei Chen
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Correspondence to Weidong Fang.

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Chen, W., Zhang, B., Yang, X. et al. C-EEUC: a Cluster Routing Protocol for Coal Mine Wireless Sensor Network Based on Fog Computing and 5G. Mobile Netw Appl 27, 1853–1866 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-019-01401-9

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