Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]
Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

WG-8: A Lightweight Stream Cipher for Resource-Constrained Smart Devices

  • Conference paper
Quality, Reliability, Security and Robustness in Heterogeneous Networks (QShine 2013)

Abstract

Lightweight cryptographic primitives are essential for securing pervasive embedded devices like RFID tags, smart cards, and wireless sensor nodes. In this paper, we present a lightweight stream cipher WG-8, which is tailored from the well-known Welch-Gong (WG) stream cipher family, for resource-constrained devices. WG-8 inherits the good randomness and cryptographic properties of the WG stream cipher family and is resistant to the most common attacks against stream ciphers. The software implementations of the WG-8 stream cipher on two popular low-power microcontrollers as well as the extensive comparison with other lightweight cryptography implementations highlight that in the context of securing lightweight embedded applications WG-8 has favorable performance and low energy consumption.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Atmel Corporation, ATmega128(L): 8-bit Atmel Microcontroller with 128 KBytes In-System Programmable Flash (2011), http://www.atmel.com/Images/doc2467.pdf

  2. Atmel Corporation, Atmel Studio 6 – The Integrated Development Environment (2012), http://www.atmel.com/microsite/atmel_studio6/

  3. Babbage, S., Dodd, M.: The Stream Cipher MICKEY 2.0, ECRYPT Stream Cipher (2006), http://www.ecrypt.eu.org/stream/p3ciphers/mickey/mickey_p3.pdf

  4. Biryukov, A., Shamir, A.: Cryptanalytic Time/Memory/Data Tradeoffs for Stream Ciphers. In: Okamoto, T. (ed.) ASIACRYPT 2000. LNCS, vol. 1976, pp. 1–13. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  5. Bogdanov, A., Knudsen, L.R., Leander, G., Paar, C., Poschmann, A., Robshaw, M., Seurin, Y., Vikkelsoe, C.: PRESENT: An ultra-lightweight block cipher. In: Paillier, P., Verbauwhede, I. (eds.) CHES 2007. LNCS, vol. 4727, pp. 450–466. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. De Cannière, C., Dunkelman, O., Knežević, M.: KATAN and KTANTAN — A Family of Small and Efficient Hardware-Oriented Block Ciphers. In: Clavier, C., Gaj, K. (eds.) CHES 2009. LNCS, vol. 5747, pp. 272–288. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  7. De Cannière, C., Preneel, B.: Trivium – A Stream Cipher Construction Inspired by Block Cipher Design Principles. ECRYPT Stream Cipher (2005), http://www.ecrypt.eu.org/stream/papersdir/2006/021.pdf

  8. Chen, L., Gong, G.: Communication System Security. Chapman & Hall/CRC, Boca Raton (2012)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. Chepyzhov, V.V., Johansson, T., Smeets, B.: A Simple Algorithm for Fast Correlation Attacks on Stream Ciphers. In: Schneier, B. (ed.) FSE 2000. LNCS, vol. 1978, pp. 181–195. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  10. Courtois, N.T.: Fast Algebraic Attacks on Stream Ciphers with Linear Feedback. In: Boneh, D. (ed.) CRYPTO 2003. LNCS, vol. 2729, pp. 176–194. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  11. Courtois, N., Meier, W.: Algebraic Attacks on Stream Ciphers with Linear Feedback. In: Biham, E. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 2003. LNCS, vol. 2656, pp. 345–359. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Dinur, I., Shamir, A.: Cube Attacks on Tweakable Black Box Polynomials. In: Joux, A. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 2009. LNCS, vol. 5479, pp. 278–299. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  13. Driessen, B., Hund, R., Willems, C., Paar, C., Holz, T.: Don’t Trust Satellite Phones: A Security Analysis of Two Satphone Standards. In: The 33th IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy - S&P 2012, pp. 128–142 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Eisenbarth, T., Kumar, S., Paar, C., Poschmann, A., Uhsadel, L.: A Survey of Lightweight-Cryptography Implementations. IEEE Design & Test of Computers 24(6), 522–533 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Engels, D., Fan, X., Gong, G., Hu, H., Smith, E.M.: Hummingbird: Ultra-Lightweight Cryptography for Resource- Constrained Devices. In: Sion, R., Curtmola, R., Dietrich, S., Kiayias, A., Miret, J.M., Sako, K., Sebé, F. (eds.) RLCPS, WECSR, and WLC 2010. LNCS, vol. 6054, pp. 3–18. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Engels, D., Saarinen, M.-J.O., Schweitzer, P., Smith, E.M.: The Hummingbird-2 Lightweight Authenticated Encryption Algorithm. In: Juels, A., Paar, C. (eds.) RFIDSec 2011. LNCS, vol. 7055, pp. 19–31. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Feldhofer, M., Wolkerstorfer, J., Rijmen, V.: AES Implementation on a Grain of Sand. IEE Proceedings Information Security 15(1), 13–20 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Gong, Z., Nikova, S., Law, Y.: KLEIN: A New Family of Lightweight Block Ciphers. In: Juels, A., Paar, C. (eds.) RFIDSec 2011. LNCS, vol. 7055, pp. 1–18. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  19. Gong, G., Rønjom, S., Helleseth, T., Hu, H.: Fast Discrete Fourier Spectra Attacks on Stream Ciphers. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 57(8), 5555–5565 (2011)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  20. Guo, J., Peyrin, T., Poschmann, A., Robshaw, M.: The LED Block Cipher. In: Preneel, B., Takagi, T. (eds.) CHES 2011. LNCS, vol. 6917, pp. 326–341. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  21. Hell, M., Johansson, T., Meier, W.: Grain: A Stream Cipher for Constrained Environments. International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Computing 2(1), 86–93 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Kaps, J.-P.: Chai-tea, Cryptographic Hardware Implementations of xTEA. In: Chowdhury, D.R., Rijmen, V., Das, A. (eds.) INDOCRYPT 2008. LNCS, vol. 5365, pp. 363–375. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  23. Knudsen, L., Leander, G., Poschmann, A., Robshaw, M.J.B.: PRINTcipher: A Block Cipher for IC-Printing. In: Mangard, S., Standaert, F.-X. (eds.) CHES 2010. LNCS, vol. 6225, pp. 16–32. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  24. Leander, G., Paar, C., Poschmann, A., Schramm, K.: New Lightweight DES Variants. In: Biryukov, A. (ed.) FSE 2007. LNCS, vol. 4593, pp. 196–210. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  25. Liu, D., Yang, Y., Wang, J., Min, H.: A Mutual Authentication Protocol for RFID Using IDEA, Auto-ID Labs White Paper, WP-HARDWARE-048 (March 2009), http://www.autoidlabs.org/uploads/media/AUTOIDLABS-WP-HARDWARE-048.pdf

  26. Luo, Y., Chai, Q., Gong, G., Lai, X.: WG-7: A Lightweight Stream Cipher with Good Cryptographic Properties. In: IEEE Global Communications Conference – GLOBECOM 2010, pp. 1–6 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Meier, W., Staffelbach, O.: Fast Correlation Attacks on Certain Stream Ciphers. Journal of Cryptology 1(3), 159–176 (1989)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  28. Meiser, G., Eisenbarth, T., Lemke-Rust, K., Paar, C.: Efficient Implementation of eSTREAM Ciphers on 8-bit AVR Microcontrollers. In: International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems – SIES 2008, pp. 58–66 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Nawaz, Y., Gong, G.: WG: A Family of Stream Ciphers with Designed Randomness Properties. Information Science 178(7), 1903–1916 (2008)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  30. Orumiehchiha, M.A., Pieprzyk, J., Steinfeld, R.: Cryptanalysis of WG-7: A Lightweight Stream Cipher. Cryptography and Communications 4(3-4), 277–285 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. Osvik, D.A., Bos, J.W., Stefan, D., Canright, D.: Fast Software AES Encryption. In: Hong, S., Iwata, T. (eds.) FSE 2010. LNCS, vol. 6147, pp. 75–93. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  32. Otte, D.: AVR-Crypto-Lib (2012), http://www.das-labor.org/wiki/AVR-Crypto-Lib/en

  33. Poschmann, A.: Lightweight Cryptography – Cryptographic Engineering for a Pervasive World, Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Science, Ruhr-Universitäet Bochum, Bochum, Germany (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Rønjom, S., Helleseth, T.: A New Attack on the Filtering Generator. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 53(5), 1752–1758 (2007)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  35. Rowley Associates, CrossWorks for MSP430 (2012), http://www.rowley.co.uk/msp430/

  36. Shibutani, K., Isobe, T., Hiwatari, H., Mitsuda, A., Akishita, T., Shirai, T.: Piccolo: An Ultra-Lightweight Blockcipher. In: Preneel, B., Takagi, T. (eds.) CHES 2011. LNCS, vol. 6917, pp. 342–357. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  37. Siegenthaler, T.: Decrypting a Class of Stream Ciphers Using Ciphertext Only. IEEE Transactions on Computers 34(1), 81–85 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Texas Instuments Inc., MSP430F15x, MSP430F16x, MSP430F161x Mixed Signal Microcontroller (2011), http://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/msp430f1611.pdf

  39. Verdult, R., Garcia, F.D., Balasch, J.: Gone in 360 Seconds: Hijacking with Hitag2. In: The 21st USENIX Security Symposium - USENIX Security 2012, pp. 237–252. USENIX Association (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Wu, H., Preneel, B.: Chosen IV Attack on Stream Cipher WG, ECRYPT Stream Cipher Project Report, 2005/045, http://cr.yp.to/streamciphers/wg/045.pdf

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada

    Xinxin Fan, Kalikinkar Mandal & Guang Gong

Authors
  1. Xinxin Fan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kalikinkar Mandal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Guang Gong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, 201310, India

    Karan Singh  & Amit K. Awasthi  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 ICST Institute for Computer Science, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering

About this paper

Cite this paper

Fan, X., Mandal, K., Gong, G. (2013). WG-8: A Lightweight Stream Cipher for Resource-Constrained Smart Devices. In: Singh, K., Awasthi, A.K. (eds) Quality, Reliability, Security and Robustness in Heterogeneous Networks. QShine 2013. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol 115. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37949-9_54

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37949-9_54

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-37948-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-37949-9

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation