Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

Skip to main content

Uncertainty Analysis in Exposure Assessment. Relevance for Regulatory Toxicology

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Regulatory Toxicology

Abstract

Exposure assessment is a core step in the risk regulation process. There are many potential sources of uncertainty in exposure assessment, such as inadequate scenarios, insecurity about the ambient substance concentrations, analytical errors, or unsuitable population parameters. It is essential for the exposure assessor to identify these uncertainty sources qualitatively and quantitatively, and to communicate the results with the partners of the risk management process.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 599.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • @Risk®: Risk analysis using Monte Carlo simulation. Palisade Corp. http://www.palisade.com

  • Analytica® Lumina Decision System. http://www.lumina.com

  • Crystal Ball®. www.oracle.com

  • ECHA (2008a) European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment. Chapter R.20: Table of terms and abbreviation. European Chemicals Agency, Helsinki. http://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/13632/information_requirements_r20_en.pdf

  • ECHA (2008b) Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment. Part D: Exposure scenario building (version 1.1, May 2008). European Chemicals Agency, Helsinki/Finland

    Google Scholar 

  • ECHA (2012a) Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment. Chapter R.15: Consumer exposure estimation. European Chemicals Agency, Helsinki. http://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/13632/information_requirements_r15_en.pdf

  • ECHA (2012b) Practical guide 13: how downstream users can handle exposure scenarios. ECHA-12-G-04-EN. European Chemicals Agency, Helsinki/Finland

    Google Scholar 

  • EFSA (2006) Guidance of the Scientific Committee on a request from EFSA related to uncertainties in dietary exposure assessment. The EFSA Journal, 438: 1–54. http://www.efsa.europa.eu/EFSA/Scientific_Opinion/sc_op_uncertainty%20exp_en.pdf

  • EFSA (2007) Reasoned opinion on the potential chronic and acute risk to consumers’ health arising from proposed temporary EU MRLs. European Food Safety Authority, Parma, 15 Mar 2007. http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/32r.htm

  • EFSA Scientific Committee (2007) Opinion of the scientific committee related to uncertainties in dietary exposure assessment. European Food Safety Authority, Parma. http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/438.htm

  • EU (2003) Technical guidance document on risk assessment in support of Commission Directive 93/67/EEC on risk assessment for new notified substances, Commission Regulation (EC) No 1488/94 on risk assessment for existing substances and Directive 98/8/EC of the European Parliament and of the council concerning the placing of biocidal products on the market. Part I. Ispra, European Union, European Chemicals Bureau, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection (EUR 20418 EN/1. http://ecb.jrc.it/tgdoc)

  • IPCS/WHO (2004) IPCS risk assessment terminology. Part 2: IPCS glossary of key exposure assessment terminology. World Health Organization, International Programme on Chemical Safety, Geneva, Switzerland

    Google Scholar 

  • IPCS/WHO (2008) Uncertainty and data quality in exposure assessment. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland

    Google Scholar 

  • JRC (2012) Simlab 2.2, a framework for sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. Joint Research Centre of the European Commission, Ispra/Italy. http://ipsc.jrc.ec.europa.eu/?id=756

  • MEP (2012) The guidelines for the risk assessment of chemicals, China. Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP). Translated by REACH24H Consulting Group. http://www.reach24h.com/CN/download/Ebook7_The_Guidelines_for_Risk_Assessment_of_Chemicals.pdf

  • NIST (2011) Uncertainty in measurement results – guidelines for the expression of uncertainty in measurement. The NIST reference on constants, units, and uncertainty. Update 2011. National Institute of Standards and Technology

    Google Scholar 

  • Payne-Sturges DC, Burke TA, Breysse P, Diener-West M, Buckley TJ (2004) Personal exposure meets risk assessment: a comparison of measured and modeled exposures and risks in an urban community. Environ Health Perspect 112(5):589–598

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ruckelshaus WD (1984) Risk in a free society. ELI, Environ Law Rep, 14 ELR 10190

    Google Scholar 

  • Saltelli A, Tarantola S, Campolongo F, Ratto M (2004) Sensitivity analysis in practice: a guide to assessing scientific models. Wiley, Chichester

    Google Scholar 

  • US EPA (2001) Office of pesticide programs general principles for performing aggregate exposure and risk assessments. http://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/trac/science/aggregate.pdf

  • US EPA (2006) Data quality assessment: a reviewer’s guide. EPA QA/G-9R. Office of Environmental Information, Washington, DC. http://www.epa.gov/quality/qs-docs/g9r-final.pdf

  • US EPA (2011) Exposure factors handbook: 2011 edition (Final). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. EPA/600/R-09/052F. http://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_report.cfm?dirEntryId=236252

  • Xue J, Zartarian V, Wang SW, Liu SV, Georgopoulos P (2010) Probabilistic modeling of dietary arsenic exposure and dose and evaluation with 2003–2004 NHANES data. Environ Health Perspect 118(3):345–350

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Michael Schümann .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this entry

Cite this entry

Schümann, M., Haluk, Ö., Zenié, A. (2014). Uncertainty Analysis in Exposure Assessment. Relevance for Regulatory Toxicology. In: Reichl, FX., Schwenk, M. (eds) Regulatory Toxicology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35374-1_111

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics