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The Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in Eating Disorders

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MRI in Psychiatry

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Abstract

Eating disorders (EDs) are characterized by abnormal eating behavior, as well as emotional, cognitive, and interpersonal difficulties. The aim of this chapter is to summarize findings from brain imaging studies on brain morphometry; responses to eating and shape cues, reward, self-regulation, and social cognition; and functional connectivity in EDs. Results show that people with EDs have abnormalities in brain structure, functional connectivity, neural activations to symptoms-related cues, and reward sensitivity, with differences between diagnoses. Overall, neuroimaging studies appear to be underpowered and used a variety of paradigms and stimuli, which makes it difficult to synthesize the results. The next phase of research will hopefully rectify these problems by focusing on refining and exploring some of the theoretical models that have been developed to explain the evolution and maintenance of the illness.

Valentina Cardi and Masashi Suda are joint first authors

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Abbreviations

ACC:

Anterior cingulate cortex

AN:

Anorexia nervosa

-B/P:

Binge eating and purging

BED:

Binge eating disorder

BMI:

Body mass index

BN:

Bulimia nervosa

CSF:

Cerebrospinal fluid

CT:

Computed tomography

DLPFC:

Dorsolateral PFC

ED:

Eating disorder

EDNOS:

Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified

Glx:

Glutamate/glutamine

GM:

Gray matter

HC:

Healthy control

LH:

Left-handed

mI:

Myoinositol

NAA:

N-acetylaspartate

NR:

Not reported

OFC:

Orbitofrontal cortex

PFC:

Prefrontal cortex

r:

Recovered

-R:

Restricting

RH:

Right-handed

SPECT:

Single-photon emission computed tomography

SSRI:

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

VBM:

Voxel-based morphometry

WM:

White matter

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, UK

    Valentina Cardi PhD, Masashi Suda MD, PhD & Janet Treasure PhD, FRCP, FRCPsych

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  1. Valentina Cardi PhD
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  2. Masashi Suda MD, PhD
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  3. Janet Treasure PhD, FRCP, FRCPsych
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Correspondence to Valentina Cardi PhD .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Psychiatry Neuroimaging Branch, UKE, Department of Psychiatry, Hamburg, Germany

    Christoph Mulert

  2. Department of Psychiatry and Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Martha E. Shenton

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Cardi, V., Suda, M., Treasure, J. (2014). The Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in Eating Disorders. In: Mulert, C., Shenton, M. (eds) MRI in Psychiatry. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-54542-9_18

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