Abstract
We present a new design and a C++ implementation of a high-performance, cache-efficient hash table suitable for use in implementation of parallel programs in shared memory. Among the main design criteria were the ability to efficiently use variable-length keys, dynamic table resizing to accommodate data sets of unpredictable size and fully concurrent read-write access.
We show that the design is correct with respect to data races, both through a high-level argument, as well as by using a model checker to prove crucial safety properties of the actual implementation. Finally, we provide a number of benchmarks showing the performance characteristics of the C++ implementation, in comparison with both sequential-access and concurrent-access designs.
This work has been partially supported by the Czech Science Foundation grant No. 15-08772S.
P. Ročkai has been partially supported by Red Hat, Inc.
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Notes
- 1.
The C++ source code for the hash table implementation can be found online: https://divine.fi.muni.cz/trac/browser/bricks/brick-hashset.h#L481.
- 2.
Doubts could arise when using a model checker which uses the hash table to be verified internally. An analysis of failure modes of the hash table along with the properties of the model checking algorithm indicate that this could not cause the model checker to miss a valid counterexample. Nonetheless, the entire issue is easy to side-step by using a much simpler sequential hash table and just waiting longer for the result.
- 3.
The code can be found online at https://divine.fi.muni.cz/trac/browser/examples/llvm/hashset.cpp.
- 4.
An extension to gdb to record execution exists, but we were unable to use it successfully. Either the window in which time reversal was possible was too narrow, or the memory and time requirements too high.
- 5.
The full data set will be eventually published online, but is too extensive to fit in a paper. Please check http://divine.fi.muni.cz/benchmarks.
- 6.
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Barnat, J., Ročkai, P., Štill, V., Weiser, J. (2015). Fast, Dynamically-Sized Concurrent Hash Table. In: Fischer, B., Geldenhuys, J. (eds) Model Checking Software. SPIN 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9232. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23404-5_5
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