Abstract
Embedded systems (ES) are nowadays, in the heart of every complex electronic device. An ES is a system that combines both hardware blocks and software blocks in a single chip. The necessity to decrease the cost and the development time of the design flow of the ES and to keep the overall performance of the system require the development of new design approaches for such systems. The compound design (co-design) is a very interesting approach used to fulfill the latter requirements. The partitioning of blocks between hardware and software is one of the most important steps in this process of co-design. In this paper, we present a novel method (heuristic) based on optimal path optimization technique (lagrangian relaxation method) to deal with the partitioning problem. The solution aims to optimize the hardware area (cost) of the ES while respecting a given constraint time of execution. To validate the effectiveness of our approach, we give a comparison with the results obtained with the Genetic Algorithm (GA).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Schaumont, P.: A practical introduction to hardware/software codesign (2012)
Clausen, J.: Branch and bound algorithms-principles and examples. Department of Computer Science, University of Copenhagen, pp. 1–30 (1999)
Mann, Z.A., Orban, A., Arato, P.: Finding optimal hardware/software partitions. Formal Meth. Syst. Des. 31(3), 241–263 (2007)
Niemann, R., Marwedel, P.: Hardware/software partitioning using integer programming. In: Proceedings of the 1996 European Conference on Design and Test, p. 473 (1996)
Knudsen, P.V., Madsen, J.: Pace: a dynamic programming algorithm for hardware/software partitioning. In: Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Hardware/Software Co-design, p. 85 (1996)
Eles, P., Peng, Z., Kuchcinski, K., Doboli, A.: Hardware/software partitioning with iterative improvement heuristics. In: Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on System Synthesis, p. 71 (1996)
Banerjee, S., Dutt, N.: Very fast simulated annealing for hw-sw partitioning. Technical report, CECS-TR-04-17 (2004)
Zhao, X., Zhang, H., Jiang, Y., Song, S., Jiao, X., Gu, M.: An effective heuristic-based approach for partitioning. J. Appl. Math. 2013, 1–8 (2013)
Saha, D., Mitra, R., Basu, A.: Hardware software partitioning using genetic algorithm. In: Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on VLSI Design, pp. 155–160 (1997)
Purnaprajna, M., Reformat, M., Pedrycz, W.: Genetic algorithms for hardware-software partitioning and optimal resource allocation. J. Syst. Architect. 53(7), 339–354 (2007)
Arato, P., Juhasz, S., Mann, Z.A., Orban, A., Papp, D.: Hardware-software partitioning in embedded system design. In: Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing, pp. 197–202 (2003)
Chehida, K.B., Auguin, M.: Hw/sw partitioning approach for reconfigurable system design. In: Proceedings of the 2002 International Conference on Compilers, Architecture, and Synthesis for Embedded Systems, pp. 247–251 (2002)
Knerr, B., Holzer, M., Rupp, M.: Novel genome coding of genetic algorithms for the system partitioning problem. In: Proceedings of the 2007 International Symposium on Industrial Embedded Systems, pp. 134–141 (2007)
Li, S.G., Feng, F.J., Hu, H.J., Wang, C., Qi, D.: Hardware/software partitioning algorithm based on genetic algorithm. J. Comput. 9(6), 1309–1315 (2014)
Mudry, P.A., Zuerey, G., Tempesti, G.: A hybrid genetic algorithm for constrained hardware-software partitioning. In: Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Design and Diagnostics of Electronic Circuits and systems, pp. 1–6 (2006)
Li, G., Feng, J., Wang, C., Wang, J.: Hardware/software partitioning algorithm based on the combination of genetic algorithm and tabu search. Eng. Rev. 34(2), 151–160 (2014)
Lin, G., Zhu, W., Ali, M.M.: A tabu search-based memetic algorithm for hardware/software partitioning. Math. Prob. Eng. 2014, 1–15 (2014)
Bhuvaneswari, M., Jagadeeswari, M.: Hardware/software partitioning for embedded systems. In: Application of Evolutionary Algorithms for Multi-objective Optimization in VLSI and Embedded Systems, pp. 21–36 (2015)
Lin, G.: An iterative greedy algorithm for hardware/software partitioning. In: Proceedings of 2013 Ninth International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC), pp. 777–781 (2013)
Sim, J.E., Mitra, T., Wong, W.F.: Defining neighborhood relations for fast spatial-temporal partitioning of applications on reconfigurable architectures. In: Proceedings of 2008 International Conference on ICECE Technology, pp. 121–128 (2008)
Rini, D.P., Shamsuddin, S.M., Yuhaniz, S.S.: Particle swarm optimization: technique, system and challenges. Int. J. Comput. Appl. 14(1), 19–26 (2011)
Farmahini-Farahani, A., Kamal, M., Fakhraie, S.M., Safari, S.: HW/SW partitioning using discrete particle swarm. In: Proceedings of the 17th ACM Great Lakes symposium on VLSI, pp. 359–364 (2007)
Wu, J., Srikanthan, T., Lei, T.: Efficient heuristic algorithms for path-based hardware/software partitioning. Math. Comput. Model. 51(7), 974–984 (2010)
Fisher, M.L.: The lagrangian relaxation method for solving integer programming problems. Manage. Sci. 27(1), 1–18 (1981)
Czibula, O.G., Gu, H., Zinder, Y.: Lagrangian relaxation versus genetic algorithm based matheuristic for a large partitioning problem. Theor. Comput. Sci. (2017)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Iguider, A., Chami, M., Elissati, O., En-Nouaary, A. (2018). Embedded Systems HW/SW Partitioning Based on Lagrangian Relaxation Method. In: Ben Ahmed, M., Boudhir, A. (eds) Innovations in Smart Cities and Applications. SCAMS 2017. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 37. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74500-8_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74500-8_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-74499-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-74500-8
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)