Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

Skip to main content

A Multi-label Few-Shot Learning with Combinations of Layers

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Intelligent Systems and Applications (IntelliSys 2023)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems ((LNNS,volume 824))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 348 Accesses

Abstract

Multi-class and multi-label classification on noisy call transcript data generated by speech-to-text (STT) systems is challenging due to the different human accents and transcription errors. The multi-labeling task is even more complicated if the data points have only single or no labels. This study has three main contributions to solving these problems: (1) To overcome the labeling problem, we train a multi-class classification model and use a minimal set of manually annotated data to determine a threshold. We obtain a multi-label classifier by utilizing a multi-class classifier with this threshold. (2) To overcome the noise issue, we propose concatenating well-known feature extraction techniques such as word2vec, tf-idf, transformers, and fuzzy embeddings. This combined feature extraction method is more resilient to noise with proper configurations than stand-alone techniques. (3) This is an industry task; we must protect our client’s data. Hence to carry out our success on French private client data to benchmark data, we propose a noising pipeline that artificially mimics the observed STT transcription errors. We combined these solutions in an NLP framework, enabling us to achieve state-of-the-art results with fewer resources, such as manually annotated data or multiple GPU utilization.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. 1.

    We deploy feature union pipeline of scikit-learn [19].

  2. 2.

    Note that this data cannot be publicly shared because it belongs to private corporate entities.

  3. 3.

    This implies a prediction task of multiple offers per call but with the availability of a single label per instance.

References

  1. Abujabal, A., Gaspers, J.: Neural named entity recognition from subword units. (2019). arxiv:1808.07364

  2. Al-Otaibi, R.M., Flach, P.A., Kull, M.: Multi-label classification: a comparative study on threshold selection methods. In: In First International Workshop on Learning over Multiple Contexts (LMCE) at ECML-PKDD, pp. 6–11. (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Amigo, E., Delgado, A.: Evaluating extreme hierarchical multi-label classification. In: Proceedings of the 60th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pp. 5809–5819. Association for Computational Linguistics, Dublin, Ireland (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Chang, W., Yu, H., Zhong, K., Yang, Y., Dhillon, I. S.: Taming pre- trained transformers for extreme multi-label text classification. In: Proceedings of the 26th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery amp; Data Mining, KDD ’20, pp. 3163–3171, Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Chen, T., Guestrin, C.: Xgboost: A scalable tree boosting system. In: Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 785–794 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Chen, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, C., Lee, G., Cheng, R., Li, H.: Revisiting Self-training for Few-shot Learning of Language Model. In: Proceedings of the 2021 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), pp. 9125–9135. (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Devlin, J., Chang, M.-W., Lee, K., Toutanova, K.: BERT: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding. In: Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 1 (Long and Short Papers), pp. 4171–4186. Association for Computational Linguistics, Minneapolis, Minnesota (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Ghannay, S., Caubriére, A., Estéve, Y., Camelin, N., Simonnet, E., Laurent, A., Morin, E.: End-to-end named entity and semantic concept extraction from speech. In: 2018 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop (SLT), pp. 692–699 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Gharroudi, O., Elghazel, H., Aussem., A.: Ensemble multi-label classification: A comparative study on threshold selection and voting methods. In: Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE 27th International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (ICTAI), ICTAI ’15, pp. 377–384. IEEE Computer Society, USA (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Gulcehre, C., Ahn, S., Nallapati, R., Zhou, B., Bengio, Y.: Pointing the unknown words. In: Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pp. 140–149. Association for Computational Linguistics, Berlin, Germany (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kruczek, J., Kruczek, P., Kuta, M.: Are n-gram categories helpful in text classification? In: International Conference on Computational Science, pp. 524–537. Springer (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Kumar, V., Xie, H., Chen, L., Garcia, F., Lu, J.: Industry scale semi- supervised learning for natural language understanding. In: Proceedings of NAACL HLT 2021: Industry- Track Paper, pp. 311–318 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Lichouri, M., Abbas, M., Lounnas, K., Benaziz, B., Zitouni, A.: Arabic dialect identification based on a weighted concatenation of TF-IDF features. In: Proceedings of the Sixth Arabic Natural Language Processing Workshop, pp. 282–286. Association for Computational Linguistics, Kyiv, Ukraine (Virtual) (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Liu, Y., Ott, M., Goyal, N., Du, J., Joshi, M., Chen, D., Levy, O., Lewis, M. Zettlemoyer, L., Stoyanov, V.: Roberta: A robustly optimized Bert pretraining approach. (2019). abs/ arXiv:1907.11692

  15. Mikolov, T., Sutskever, I., Chen, K., Corrado, G.S., Dean, J.: Distributed representations of words and phrases and their compositionality. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 26. Curran Associates, Inc. (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Mohammad, S., Bravo-Marquez, F., Salameh, M., Kiritchenko, S.: SemEval- 2018 task 1: Affect in tweets. In: Proceedings of The 12th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, pp. 1–17. Association for Computational Linguistics, New Orleans, Louisiana (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Mohammed, M., Omar, N.: Question classification based on bloom’s taxonomy cognitive domain using modified tf-idf and word2vec. PLoS ONE 15(3), e0230442 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Muralidharan, D., Moniz, J.R.A., Gao, S., Yang, X., Kao, J., Pulman, S., Kothari, A., Shen, R., Pan, Y., Kaul, V., Ibrahim, M.S., Xiang, G., Dun, N., Zhou, Y., O, A., Zhang, Y., Chitkara., P., Wang, X., Patel, A., Tayal, K., Zheng, R., Grasch, P., Williams, J.D., Li, L..: Noise robust named entity understanding for voice assistants. In: Proceedings of the 2021 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies: Industry Papers, pp. 196- 204, Online. Association for Computational Linguistics (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Pedregosa, F., Varoquaux, G., Gramfort, A., Michel, V., Thirion, B., Grisel, O., Blondel, M., Prettenhofer, P., Weiss, R., Dubourg, V., Vanderplas, J., Passos, A., Cournapeau, D., Brucher, M., Perrot, M., Duchesnay, E.: Scikit-learn: machine learning in Python. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 12, 2825–2830 (2011)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  20. Rogers, A., Kovaleva, O., Rumshisky, A.: A primer in BERTology: what we know about how BERT works. Trans. Assoc. Comput. Linguist. 8, 842–866 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Silla, C.N., Freitas, A.A.: A survey of hierarchical classification across different application domains. Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Vaswani, A., Shazeer, N., Parmar, N., Uszkoreit, J., Jones, L., Gomez, A.N., Kaiser, L., Polosukhin, I.: Attention is all you need. In: Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NIPS’17, pp. 6000–6010. Curran Associates Inc., Red Hook, NY, USA (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Xue, L., Barua, A., Constant, N., Al- Rfou, R., Narang, S., Kale, M., Roberts, A., Raffel, C.: ByT5: Towards a token-free future with pre-trained byte-to-byte models. Trans. Assoc. Comput. Linguist. 10, 291–306 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Yan, J.: Text Representation, pp. 3069–3072. Springer, US, Boston, MA (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Yang, Y.: A study of thresholding strategies for text categorization. In: Proceedings of the 24th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, SIGIR ’01, vol. 740, pp. 137–145. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Yarowsky, D.: Unsupervised word sense disambiguation rivaling supervised methods. In: Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics, ACL ’95, pp. 189–196. Association for Computational Linguistics, USA

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bilge Sipal Sert .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Sert, B.S., Aydin, C.R., Younus, A. (2024). A Multi-label Few-Shot Learning with Combinations of Layers. In: Arai, K. (eds) Intelligent Systems and Applications. IntelliSys 2023. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 824. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47715-7_53

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics