Abstract
This research examines the technological, organizational, and environmental factors that affect e-commerce adoption in Vietnam generally as well as B2B, B2C, and P2P model particularly. The TOE framework is implemented in order to investigate the degree of impact of these e-commerce adoption factors. This is a qualitative research, which uses the interview method to collect data. There are five participants from four companies in the interviews. After collecting data, ‘template analysis’ is used to analyse the effects of e-commerce adoption factors. The finding suggests that the companies should focus on the relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, trialability, top management support, size of company, strategic orientation, competitive environment, supplier and buyer pressure, and government support. Furthermore, these factors will affect different e-commerce models in different degrees. This research does not only provide a comprehensive picture of the e-commerce adoption in Vietnam market but also a deep insight view of the entire market and different e-commerce models.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adelaar, T., Bouwman, H., & Steinfield, C. (2004). Enhancing customer value through click-and-mortar e-commerce: Implications for geographical market reach and customer type. Telematics and Informatics, 21(2), 167–182.
Agliavini, M., Ravarini, A., & Antonelli, A. (2001). An evaluation model for electronic commerce activities within SMEs. Information Technology and Management, 2(2), 211–230.
Ahmad, S. Z., Bakar, A. R. A., Faziharudean, T. M., & Zaki, K. A. M. (2014). An empirical study of factors affecting E-commerce adoption among small- and medium-sized enterprises in a developing country: Evidence from Malaysia. Information Technology for Development, 21(4), 555–572.
AlGhamdi, R., Nguyen, A., & Jones, V. (2013). A study of influential factors in the adoption and diffusion of B2C E-commerce. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 4(1), 89–94.
Al-Hudhaif, S. A., & Alkubeyyer, A. (2011). E-commerce adoption factors in Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Business and Management, 6(9), 122–135.
Alshamaila, Y., Papagiannidis, S., & Li, F. (2013). Cloud computing adoption by SMEs in the north east of England: A multi-perspective framework. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 26(3), 250–275.
Al-Weshah, G. A., & Al-Zubi, K. (2012). E-business enablers and barriers: Empirical study of SMEs in Jordanian communication sector. Global Journal of Business Research, 6(3), 1–15.
Anjali. G. (2014). E-commerce: role of E-commerce in today’s business. International Journal of Computing and Corporate Research, 4(1)
Ardura, R. I., & Artola, M. A. (2010). Toward a longitudinal model of e-commerce: Environmental, technological, and organizational drivers of B2C adoption. The Information Society, 26(3), 209–227.
Awa, H., Eze, S., Urieto, J., & Inyang, B. (2011). Upper echelon theory: A major determinant of information technology (IT) adoption by SMEs in Nigeria. Journal of Systems and Information Technology, 13(2), 144–162.
Biggiero, L. (2007). Industrial and knowledge relocation strategies under the challenges of globalization and digitalization: The move of small and medium enterprises among territorial systems. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 18(6), 443–471.
Bryman, A., & Bell, E. (2015). Analysing qualitative data. In Business research methods (pp. 406–407). Oxford University Press.
Chong, S., & Pervan, G. (2007). Factors influencing the extent of deployment of electronic commerce for small and medium sized enterprises. Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations, 5(1), 1–29.
Cindy, C., Karthik, I., & Richard, G. (2005). Predicting the level of B2B e-commerce in industrial organizations. Industrial Marketing Management, 34(3), 221–234.
Cohen, S., & Kallirroi, G. (2006). E-commerce investments from an SME perspective: Costs, benefits and processes. Electronic Journal of Information Systems Evaluation, 9(2), 45–56.
Daniel, E., Wilson, H., & Myers, A. (2002). Adoption of E-commerce by SMEs in the UK. Adoption of e-commerce by SMEs in the UK. International Small Business Journal, 20(3), 253–270.
Delone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (2004). Measuring e-commerce success: applying the DeLone & McLean information systems success model. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 9(1), 31–47.
Dewan, S., & Kraemer, K. L. (2000). Information technology and productivity: Preliminary evidence from country-level data. Management Science, 46(4), 548–562.
Digital globalization: the new era of global flows. (2016). Retrieved from McKinsey&Company website https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/McKinsey/Business%20Functions/McKinsey%20Digital/Our%20Insights/Digital%20globalization%20The%20new%20era%20of%20global%20flows/MGI-Digital-globalization-Executive-summary.ashx
Drew, S. (2003). Strategic uses of e-commerce by SMEs in the East of England. European Management Journal, 21(1), 79–88.
Drigas, A., & Leliopoulos, P. (2013). Business to consumer (B2C) E-commerce decade evolution. International Journal of Knowledge Society Research, 4(4), 1–10.
Dubelaar, C., Sohal, A., & Savic, V. (2005). Benefits, impediments and critical success factors in B2C E-business adoption. Technovation, 25(11), 1251–1262.
Ecommerce iq. (n.d.). Retrieved July 22, 2018, from https://ecommerceiq.asia/top-ecommerce-sites-vietnam/
Elmazi, I., Vukaj, H., Gega, E., & Elmazi, L. (2011). Information technology and its effects in SME. The case of Albania. International Journal of Management Cases, 13(4), 291–298.
Eshopworld. (2018). 42 million online shoppers in Vietnam by 2021. Retrieved July 22, 2018, from https://www.eshopworld.com/blog-articles/vietnam-ecommerce-insights/
Ferreiral, R. D., & Ferreira, P. J. J. (2004). Building an E-marketplace on a peer-to-peer infrastructure. International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing (IJCIM), 17(3), 254–264.
Gefen, D., & Straub, D. (2000). The relative importance of perceived ease of use in IS adoption: A study of E-commerce adoption. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 1, 8.
Ghobakhloo, M., Arias-Aranda, D., & Benitez-Amado, J. (2011). Adoption of e-commerce applications in SMEs. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 111(8), 1238–1269.
Goode, S., & Stevens, K. (2000). An analysis of the business characteristics of adopters and non-adopters of WWW. Technology Information and Management, 1(1), 129–154.
Grandon, E., & Pearson, J. M. (2004a). E-commerce adoption: Perceptions of managers/owners of small and medium sized firms in Chile. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 13, 8.
Grandon, E. E., & Pearson, J. M. (2004b). Electronic commerce adoption: An empirical study of small and medium US business. Information and Management, 42, 197–216.
Growing a digital economy in Vietnam. (2018). Retrieved from Customs News website https://customsnews.vn/growing-a-digital-economy-in-vietnam-4233.html
Hajli, S. J., & Shanmugam, M. (2014). A practical model for e-commerce adoption in Iran. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 27(6), 719–730.
Hart, J. (2010). Globalization and digitalization. Transformacje, 2010, 227–237.
Hossain, M., & Quaddus, M. (2011). The adoption and continued usage intention of RFID: An integrated framework. Information Technology & People, 24(3), 236–256.
Humphrey, J., Mansell, R., Pare, D., Schmitz, H (2003). The reality of E-commerce with developing countries. Media@LSE
Huy, L.V., Filiatrault (2006). The Adoption of E-commerce in SMEs in Vietnam: A Study of Users and Prospectors. PACIS 2006 Proceedings. https://aisel.aisnet.org/pacis2006/74
Ifinedo, P. (2011). An empirical analysis of factors influencing Internet/e-business technologies adoption by SMEs in Canada. International Journal of Information Technology and Decision Making, 10(4), 731–766.
Iprice. (2018). Mapping Vietnam’s Leading E-commerce Players. Retrieved from https://iprice.vn/insights/mapofecommerce/en/
Jeon, B. N., Han, K. S., & Lee, M. J. (2006). Determining factors for the adoption of e-business: The case of SMEs in Korea. Applied Economics, 38(16), 1905–1916.
Kaynak, E., Tatoglu, E., & Kula, V. (2005). An analysis of the factors affecting the adoption of electronic commerce by. SMEs: Evidence from an Emerging Market International Market Review, 22(6), 623–640.
King, N. (2012). Doing template analysis. Qualitative organizational research (pp. 118–134). Sage.
Kuan, K., & Chau, P. (2001). A perception-based model for EDI adoption in small businesses using technology-organization-environment framework. Information & Management, 38(8), 507–521.
Kumar. V, Raheja. G. (2012). Business to Business (B2B) and Business to Consumer management (B2C). International Journal of Computers & Technology, 3(3).
Le, V. H., & Filiatrault, P. (2006). The adoption of E-commerce in SMEs in Vietnam - A study of users and prospectors, in The Tenth Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems (PACIS 2006).
Le, V. H., Rowe, F., Truex, D., & Huynh, Q. M. (2012). An empirical study of determinants of e-commerce adoption in SMEs in Vietnam: An economy in transition. Journal of Global Information Management (JGIM), 20(3), 32.
Lertwongsatien, C., & Wongpinunwatana, N. (2003). E-commerce adoption in Thailand: An empirical study of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Journal of Global Information Technology Management, 6(3), 67–83.
Lip-Sam, T., & Hock-Eam, L. (2011). Estimating the determinants of B2B ecommerce adoption among small & medium enterprises. International Journal of Business and Society, 12(1), 15–13.
Low, C., Chen, Y., & Wu, M. (2011). Understanding the determinants of cloud computing adoption. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 111(7), 1006–1023.
Luan, D.N. (2015). Tổng quan về thương mại điện tử ở Việt Nam. Retrieved from http://tapchitaichinh.vn/nghien-cuu--trao-doi/trao-doi-binh-luan/tong-quan-vethuong-mai-dien-tu-o-viet-nam-68104.html
Luqman, A. (2011). E-business adoption amongst SMEs: A structural equation modeling approach. Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce, 16(2), 99–112.
Ming, J. P., & Woan, Y. J. (2008). Determinants of the adoption of enterprise resource planning within the technology-organization-environment framework: Taiwan’s communications industry. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 48(3), 94–102.
Mirchandani, A. A., & Motwani, J. (2001). Understanding small business electronic commerce adoption: An empirical analysis. The Journal of Computer Information Systems, 70–73.
Mohammed, A. J., Almsafir, K. M., & Alnaser, S. M. A. (2013). The factors that affects e-commerce adoption in small and medium enterprise: A review. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 7(10), 406–412.
Molla, A., & Heeks, R. (2007). Exploring e-commerce benefits for businesses in a developing country. The Information Society, 23(2), 95–108.
Mollaa, A., & Licker, S. P. (2005). eCommerce adoption in developing countries: A model and instrument. Information & Management, 42(6), 877–899.
Nanehkaran, Y. A. (2013). An Introduction to electronic commerce. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2, 4.
Nielsen. (2015). Cross-Platform Insights 2015. Retrieved from http://www.nielsen.com/content/dam/nielsenglobal/hk/docs/hksyndicated/cross-platform-insights-15-16.pdf
Oxley, J., & Yeung, B. (2001). E-commerce readiness: Institutional environment and international competitiveness. Journal of International Business, 32(4), 705–724.
Parker, C., & Castlemen, T. (2009). Small firm e-business adoption: A critical analysis of theory. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 22(1/2), 167–182.
Poorangi, M. M., Khin, W. S. E., Nikoonejad, S., & Kardevani, A. (2013). E-commerce adoption in Malaysian small and medium enterprises practitioner firms: A revisit on Rogers’ model. Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences, 85(4), 1593–1604.
Premkumar, G., & Roberts, M. (1999). Adoption of new information technologies in rural small businesses. The International Journal of Management Science, 27, 467–484.
Qureshi, S., York, A.S. (2008). Information Technology Adoption by Small Businesses in Minority and Ethnic Communities. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Proceedings of the 41st Annual
Rahayu, R., & Day, J. (2016). E-commerce adoption by SMEs in developing countries: Evidence from Indonesia. Eurasian Business Review, 7(1), 25–41.
Reed, J. (2018). Vietnam’s emerging consumers embrace ecommerce. Retrieved from https://www.ft.com/content/e8f5ca78-43b5-11e8-93cf-67ac3a6482fd
Riquelme, H. (2002). Commercial internet adoption in China: Comparing the experience of small, medium and large businesses. Internet Research, 12(3), 276–286.
Robertson. R.A. (2005). A Framework of Critical Drivers in Successful Business-to-Business E-Commerce. Southeast Conference 2005 Proceedings
Rogres, E. M. (1995). Diffusion of innovation (4th ed.). A Division of Simon & Schuster Inc..
Saffu, K., Walker, J. H., & Mazurek, M. (2012). Perceived strategic value and e-commerce adoption among SMEs in Slovakia. Journal of Internet Commerce, 11(1), 1–23.
Sahay, S., & Avgerou, C. (2002). Introducing the special issue on information and communication technologies in developing countries. The Information Society, 18(2), 73–76.
Salwani, M., Marthandan, G., Norzaidi, M., & Chong, S. (2009). E-commerce usage and business performance in the Malaysian tourism sector: Empirical analysis. Information Management & Computer Security, 17(2), 166–185.
Santarelli, E., & D’Altri, S. (2003). The diffusion of E-commerce among SMEs: Theoretical implications and empirical evidence. Small Business Economics, 21(3), 273–283.
Seyal, A. H., & Rahman, M. N. A. (2003). A preliminary investigation of E-commerce adoption in small & medium enterprises in Brunei. Journal of Global Information Technology Management, 6(2), 6–26.
Sila, I. (2013). Factors affecting the adoption of B2B e-commerce technologies. Electronic Commerce Research, 13(2), 199–236.
Silverman, D. (2016). Qualitative research (4th ed.). SAGE.
Teo, T. S. H., & Ranganathan, C. (2004). Adopters and non-adopters of business-to-business electronic commerce in Singapore. Information & Management, 42, 89–102.
Thatcher, M. B. S., Foster, W., & Zhua, L. (2002). B2B e-commerce adoption decisions in Taiwan: The interaction of cultural and other institutional factors. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 5(2), 92–104.
Tom, L. M., & Ngai, W. T. E. (2006). Predicting the organisational adoption of B2C e-commerce: An empirical study. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 106(8), 1133–1147.
Tornatzky, L., & Fleischer, M. (1990). The process of technology innovation. Lexington Books.
Van, T. (2018). Vietnamese e-commerce market a tough nut to crack. Retrieved from http://www.vir.com.vn/vietnamese-e-commerce-market-a-tough-nut-tocrack-56791.html
Vietnam E-commerce Report. (2015). Retrieved from http://www.vecita.gov.vn/anpham/260/Vietnam-E-commerce-Report-2015/en
Vietnamnet. (2017). Lazada, kỳ tích 5 năm ‘mở cửa’ thương mại điện tử Việt. Retrieved July 22, 2018., from http://vietnamnet.vn/vn/kinh-doanh/thi-truong/lazada-ky-tich-5-nam-mo-cua-thuong-mai-dien-tu-viet-362531.html
Vietnamnews. (2016). E-commerce needs consumers to trust. Retrieved July 22, 2018, from http://vietnamnews.vn/economy/296636/e-commerce-needs-consumers-to-trust.html#b5qzCob05DyqVw5t.97
Wang, Y., Wang, Y., & Yang, Y. (2010). Understanding the determinants of RFID adoption in the manufacturing industry. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 77(5), 803–815.
Wigand, & Rolf, T. (1997). Electronic commerce: Definition, theory, and context. The Information Society, 13(1), 1–16.
World Bank Country Director Remarks at Vietnam Logistics Forum 2017. Retrieved July 22, 2018., from http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/speech/2017/12/15/world-bank-country-director-remarks-at-vietnam-logistics-forum-2017
Xiong, L., & Liu, L. (2003). A reputation-based trust model for peer-to-peer e-commerce communities. Proceedings of the 4th ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce, 2003, 228–229.
Zhu, K., Kraemer, K., & Xu, S. (2003). Electronic business adoption by European firms: A cross-country assessment of the facilitators and inhibitors. European Journal of Information Systems, 12(4), 251–268.
Acknowledgments
The author would first like to thank Prof. David Pickernell of the Business and Law Department at The University of Portsmouth, who consistently allowed this paper to be author’s own work but steered him in the right direction whenever he thought the author needed it.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Thuy, D.N.H.T. (2022). Empirical Research on the Influence Factors of E-commerce Adoption Among E-commerce Companies in Vietnam. In: Nguyen, A.T., Hens, L. (eds) Global Changes and Sustainable Development in Asian Emerging Market Economies Vol. 1. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81435-9_23
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81435-9_23
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-81434-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-81435-9
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)