Abstract
Although body movement carries information about a person’s emotional state, this modality is not widely used in automatic emotion measurement systems. With this paper, we address the question of the automatic recognition of a person’s affective state by analyzing the way a person moves. We present the approach which was used to build a classifier of experienced, non-acted emotions. To collect the data to train and validate the classifier, a controlled laboratory study was conducted. During the study, the music mood induction procedure was used to evoke different emotions in the participants. The participant’s movement was recorded using a depth sensor, two accelerometers, and two electromyography sensors. An accuracy of 43% was achieved to recognize four emotion classes, corresponding to four quadrants of the valence-arousal space. For the participants with lower dance or movement proficiency, recognition was more accurate. The same was discovered for the participants with higher comfort levels of moving in front of a camera. The findings show the potential for the automatic analysis of a person’s body movements to gather information about an affective state.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alaoui, S.F., Caramiaux, B., Serrano, M., Bevilacqua, F.: Movement qualities as interaction modality. In: Proceedings of the Designing Interactive Systems Conference, pp. 761–769. ACM (2012)
Appelhans, B.M., Luecken, L.J.: Heart rate variability as an index of regulated emotional responding. Rev. Gen. Psychol. 10(3), 229 (2006)
Balasubramanian, S., Melendez-Calderon, A., Burdet, E.: A robust and sensitive metric for quantifying movement smoothness. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 59(8), 2126–2136 (2012)
Bernhardt, D., Robinson, P.: Detecting emotions from everyday body movements. Presenccia PhD Sym., Barcelona (2007)
Blom, L.A., Chaplin, L.T.: The Intimate act of Choreography. University of Pittsburgh Pre (1982)
Boone, R.T., Cunningham, J.G.: Children’s decoding of emotion in expressive body movement: the development of cue attunement. Dev. Psychol. 34(5), 1007 (1998)
Bouchard, D., Badler, N.: Semantic segmentation of motion capture using Laban movement analysis. In: Pelachaud, C., Martin, J.-C., André, E., Chollet, G., Karpouzis, K., Pelé, D. (eds.) IVA 2007. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 4722, pp. 37–44. Springer, Heidelberg (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74997-4_4
Bradley, M.M., Lang, P.J.: Measuring emotion: the self-assessment manikin and the semantic differential. J. Behav. Ther. Exp. Psychiatry 25(1), 49–59 (1994)
Camurri, A., Lagerlöf, I., Volpe, G.: Recognizing emotion from dance movement: comparison of spectator recognition and automated techniques. Int. J. Hum. Comput. Stud. 59(1), 213–225 (2003)
Camurri, A., et al.: The dancer in the eye: towards a multi-layered computational framework of qualities in movement. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Movement and Computing, p. 6. ACM (2016)
Castellano, G., Villalba, S.D., Camurri, A.: Recognising human emotions from body movement and gesture dynamics. In: Paiva, A.C.R., Prada, R., Picard, R.W. (eds.) ACII 2007. LNCS, vol. 4738, pp. 71–82. Springer, Heidelberg (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74889-2_7
Chandrashekar, G., Sahin, F.: A survey on feature selection methods. Comput. Electr. Eng. 40(1), 16–28 (2014)
Ekman, P., Cordaro, D.: What is meant by calling emotions basic. Emot. Rev. 3(4), 364–370 (2011)
Ekman, P., Levenson, R.W., Friesen, W.V.: Autonomic nervous system activity distinguishes among emotions. American Association for the Advancement of Science (1983)
Fdili Alaoui, S., Françoise, J., Schiphorst, T., Studd, K., Bevilacqua, F.: Seeing, sensing and recognizing Laban movement qualities. In: Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 4009–4020. ACM (2017)
Juslin, P.N., Laukka, P.: Expression, perception, and induction of musical emotions: a review and a questionnaire study of everyday listening. J. New Music Res. 33(3), 217–238 (2004)
Kleinginna, P.R., Kleinginna, A.M.: A categorized list of emotion definitions, with suggestions for a consensual definition. Motiv. Emot. 5(4), 345–379 (1981)
Lane, R.D., McRae, K., Reiman, E.M., Chen, K., Ahern, G.L., Thayer, J.F.: Neural correlates of heart rate variability during emotion. Neuroimage 44(1), 213–222 (2009)
Li, M., Chai, Q., Kaixiang, T., Wahab, A., Abut, H.: EEG emotion recognition system. In: Takeda, K., Erdogan, H., Hansen, J.H.L., Abut, H. (eds.) In-Vehicle Corpus and Signal Processing for Driver Behavior, pp. 125–135. Springer, Boston (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79582-9_10
Lien, J.J., Kanade, T., Cohn, J.F., Li, C.C.: Automated facial expression recognition based on FACS action units. In: Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, pp. 390–395. IEEE (1998)
Lisetti, C.: Affective computing (1998)
Lundqvist, L.O., Carlsson, F., Hilmersson, P., Juslin, P.N.: Emotional responses to music: experience, expression, and physiology. Psychol. Music 37(1), 61–90 (2009)
Masuda, M., Kato, S.: Motion rendering system for emotion expression of human form robots based on Laban movement analysis. In: 2010 IEEE RO-MAN, pp. 324–329. IEEE (2010)
Mogenson, G.J., Jones, D.L., Yim, C.Y.: From motivation to action: functional interface between the limbic system and the motor system. Prog. Neurobiol. 14(2), 69–97 (1980)
Nakasone, A., Prendinger, H., Ishizuka, M.: Emotion recognition from electromyography and skin conductance. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Biosignal Interpretation, pp. 219–222 (2005)
Nwe, T.L., Foo, S.W., De Silva, L.C.: Speech emotion recognition using Hidden Markov Models. Speech Commun. 41(4), 603–623 (2003)
Piana, S., Staglianò, A., Odone, F., Camurri, A.: Adaptive body gesture representation for automatic emotion recognition. ACM Trans. Interact. Intell. Syst. (TiiS) 6(1), 6 (2016)
Picard, R.W.: Affective computing for HCI. In: HCI (1), pp. 829–833 (1999)
Pollick, F.E., Paterson, H.M., Bruderlin, A., Sanford, A.J.: Perceiving affect from arm movement. Cognition 82(2), B51–B61 (2001)
Robinson, M.D., Clore, G.L.: Belief and feeling: evidence for an accessibility model of emotional self-report. Psychol. Bull. 128(6), 934 (2002)
Russell, J.A.: A circumplex model of affect. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 39(6), 1161 (1980)
Serra, T.: Osceleton vol 1.2.1 [software], July 2011. https://github.com/Sensebloom/OSCeleton
Sheets-Johnstone, M.: Emotion and movement. A beginning empirical-phenomenological analysis of their relationship. J. Conscious. Stud. 6(11–12), 259–277 (1999)
Sinclair, J., Taylor, P.J., Hobbs, S.J.: Digital filtering of three-dimensional lower extremity kinematics: an assessment. J. Hum. Kinet. 39(1), 25–36 (2013)
Soleymani, M., Caro, M.N., Schmidt, E.M., Sha, C.Y., Yang, Y.H.: 1000 songs for emotional analysis of music. In: Proceedings of the 2nd ACM International Workshop on Crowdsourcing for Multimedia, pp. 1–6. ACM (2013)
Van den Stock, J., Righart, R., De Gelder, B.: Body expressions influence recognition of emotions in the face and voice. Emotion 7(3), 487 (2007)
Västfjäll, D.: Emotion induction through music: a review of the musical mood induction procedure. Musicae Scientiae 5(1\(\_\)Suppl.), 173–211 (2001)
Acknowledgement
We are grateful for Martin Burghart and Sonia Sobol’s help to finalize the manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Voigt-Antons, JN., Devaikin, P., Kojić, T. (2021). Automatic Recognition of Experienced Emotional State from Body Movement. In: Kurosu, M. (eds) Human-Computer Interaction. Theory, Methods and Tools. HCII 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12762. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78462-1_49
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78462-1_49
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-78461-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-78462-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)