Abstract
Early diagnosis means an individual gets an indication about the disease on his or her own at very early stage of the disease. Today, many people across the globe are suffering from Parkinson’s disease (PD). Early detection of Parkinson’s disease can be a better choice to treat the disease much early. Vocal cord disorder, speech impairments/speech disorders are the early indicators of PD. The initial stage of PD affects the human speech production mechanism. The speech impairments are not apparent to common listeners. We should monitor carefully for the initial stage of PD by using proper expert systems. In this review, we mainly focused on speech signal analysis for the identification of PD with the help of machine learning techniques. The voice sample of affected people from PD can be used in an early detection algorithm using various classification models with different accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, etc. In our review, we found that mainly two types of techniques have been used in this problem (a) conventional feature-based techniques and (b) machine learning-based techniques. The detailed review using these types of algorithms is presented in this paper. In feature-based applications, mel frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) and linear predictive coding (LPC) are the mostly used features. Machine learning-based algorithms used intelligent architecture like artificial neural network (ANN), convolution neural network (CNN), hidden Markov model (HMM), XG boost, support vector machine (SVM), etc. It is found that machine learning-based algorithms are doing better in terms of highest accuracy but with some limitations.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ali L, Zhu C, Zhang Z, Liu Y (2019) Automated detection of Parkinson’s disease based on multiple types of sustained phonations using linear discriminant analysis and genetically optimized neural network. IEEE J Transl Eng Health Med 7:2000410
Akshay S, Vincent K (2019) Identification of Parkinson disease patients classification using feed forward technique based on speech signals. IJEAT 8(5)
Radha N, Rm SM, Sameera HS (2021) Parkinson’s disease detection using machine learning techniques. J Adv Res Dyn Control Syst 30(2):543
Shamrat FMJM, Asaduzzaman M, Rahman AKMS, Tusher RTH, Tasnim Z (2019) A comparative analysis of Parkinson dis- ease prediction using machine learning approaches. Int J Sci Technol Res 8(11):2576–2580. ISSN: 2277-8616
Kamran I, Naz S, Razzak I, Imran M (2021) Handwriting dynamics assessment using deep neural network for early identification of Parkinson’s disease. Future Gener Comput Syst 117:234–244
Nissar I, Rizvi D, Masood S, Mir A (2019) Voice-based detection of Parkinson’s disease through ensemble machine learning approach: A performance study. EAI Endorsed Trans. Pervasive Health Technol 5(19):162806
Berus L, Klancnik S, Brezocnik M, Ficko M (2018) Classifying Parkinson’s disease based on acoustic measures using artificial neural networks. Sensors (Basel) 19(1):16
Abhishek MS, Chethan CR, Aditya CR, Divitha D, Nagaraju TR (2020) Diagnosis of Parkinson’s disorder through speech data using machine learning algorithms. 9(3):2278–3075
Karapinar Senturk Z (2020) Early diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease using machine learning algorithms. Med Hypotheses 138(109603):109603
Canter GJ (1963) Speech characteristics of patients with Parkinson’s disease: I. intensity, pitch, and duration. J Speech Hear Disord 28:221–229
Rusz J, Cmejla R, Ruzickova H, Ruzicka E (2011) Quantitative acoustic measurements for characterization of speech and voice disorders in early untreated Parkin- son’s disease. J Acoust Soc Am 129(1):350–367
Hartelius L, Svensson P (1994) Speech and swallowing symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease and multiple sclerosis: a survey. Folia Phoniatr Logop 46(1):9–17
Metter EJ, Hanson WR (1986) Clinical and acoustical variability in hypokinetic dysarthria. J Commun Disord 19(5):347–366
Baker KK, Ramig LO, Luschei ES, Smith ME (1998) Thyroarytenoid muscle activity associated with hypophonia in Parkinson disease and aging. Neurology 51(6):1592–1598
Roy N, Nissen SL, Dromey C, Sapir S (2009) Articulatory changes in muscle tension dysphonia: evidence of vowel space expansion following manual circumlaryngeal therapy. J Commun Disord 42(2):124–135
Holmes RJ, Oates JM, Phyland DJ, Hughes AJ (2000) Voice characteristics in the progression of Parkinson’s disease. Int J Lang Commun Disord 35(3):407–418
Shao J, MacCallum JK, Zhang Y, Sprecher A, Jiang JJ (2010) Acoustic analysis of the tremulous voice: assessing the utility of the correlation dimension and pertur- bation parameters. J. Commun. Disord. 43(1):35–44
Spencer KA, Rogers MA (2005) Speech motor programming in hypokinetic and ataxic dysarthria. Brain Lang. 94(3):347–366
Fletcher SG (1972) Time-by-count measurement of diadochokinetic syllable rate. J Speech Hear Res 15(4):763–770
Skodda S, Rinsche H, Schlegel U (2009) Progression of dysprosody in Parkinson’s disease over time–a longitudinal study. Mov Disord 24(5):716–722
Mekyska J, Rektorova I, Smekal Z (2011) Selection of optimal parameters for automatic analysis of speech disorders in Parkinson’s disease. In: 2011 34th international conference on telecommunications and signal processing (TSP)
Goberman AM, Elmer LW (2005) Acoustic analysis of clear versus conversational speech in individuals with Parkinson disease. J. Commun Disord 38(3):215–230
Little M, McSharry P, Hunter E, Spielman J, Ramig L (2008) Suitability of dysphonia measurements for telemonitoring of Parkinson’s disease. Derm Helv
Rahn DA 3rd, Chou M, Jiang JJ, Zhang Y (2007) Phonatory impairment in Parkinson’s disease: evidence from nonlinear dynamic analysis and perturbation analy- sis. J Voice 21(1):64–71
Sapir S, Ramig LO, Spielman JL, Fox C (2010) Formant centralization ratio: a proposal for a new acoustic measure of dysarthric speech. J Speech Lang Hear Res 53(1):114–125
Skodda S, Visser W, Schlegel U (2011) Vowel articulation in Parkinson’s disease. J. Voice 25(4):467–472
Sapir S, Spielman JL, Ramig LO, Story BH, Fox C (2007) Effects of intensive voice treatment (the Lee silverman voice treatment [LSVT]) on vowel articulation in dysarthric individuals with idiopathic Parkinson disease: acoustic and perceptual findings. J Speech Lang Hear Res 50(4):899–912
SaiJayram AKV, Ramasubramanian V, Sreenivas TV (2002) Robust parameters for automatic segmentation of speech. In: IEEE international conference on acoustics speech and signal processing
Murty KSR, Yegnanarayana B (2006) Combining evidence from residual phase and MFCC features for speaker recognition. IEEE Signal Process Lett 13(1):52–55
Borrie SA, McAuliffe MJ, Liss JM (2012) Perceptual learning of dysarthric speech: a review of experimental studies. J Speech Lang Hear Res 55(1):290–305
Ali AMA, Van der Spiegel J, Mueller P (2001) Acoustic-phonetic features for the automatic classification of fricatives. J Acoust Soc Am 109(5):2217–2235
Dusan S, Flanagan JL, Karve A, Balaraman M (2007) Speech compression by polynomial approximation. IEEE Trans Audio Speech Lang Process 15(2):387–395
Vikas, Sharma RK (2014) Early detection of Parkinson’s disease through Voice. In: 2014 international conference on advances in engineering and technology (ICAET)
Adams WR (2017) High-accuracy detection of early Parkinson’s Disease using multiple characteristics of finger movement while typing. PLoS ONE 12(11):e0188226
Hlavnička J, Čmejla R, Tykalová T, Šonka K, Růžička E, Rusz J (2017) Automated analysis of connected speech reveals early biomarkers of Parkinson’s disease in patients with rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Sci. Rep. 7(1):12
Pahuja G, Nagabhushan TN, Prasad B (2019) Early detection of Parkinson’s disease by using SPECT imaging and biomarkers. J Intell Syst 29(1):1329–1344
Rehman RZU, Del Din S, Guan Y, Yarnall AJ, Shi JQ, Rochester L (2019) Selecting clinically relevant gait characteristics for classification of early parkinson’s disease: a comprehensive machine learning approach. Sci. Rep. 9(1):17269
Caliskan A, Badem H, Basturk A, Yuksel ME (2017) Diagnosis of the Parkinson dis- ease by using deep neural network classifier. IU-J Electr Electron Eng 17:3311–3318
Sakar BE et al (2013) Collection and analysis of a Parkinson speech dataset with multiple types of sound recordings. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 17(4):828–834
Hazan H, Hilu D, Manevitz L, Ramig LO, Sapir S (2012) Early diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease via machine learning on speech data. In: 2012 IEEE 27th conven tion of electrical and electronics engineers in Israel
Frid A, Hazan H, Hilu D, Manevitz L, Ramig LO, Sapir S (2014) Computational diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease directly from natural speech using machine learning techniques. In: 2014 IEEE international conference on software science, technology and engineering
Cosi P, Hosoma JP, Valente A (2005) High performance telephone bandwidth speaker independent continuous digit recognition. In: IEEE workshop on automatic speech recognition and understanding, 2001. ASRU ’01
Frid A, Lavner Y (2010) Acoustic-phonetic analysis of fricatives for classification using SVM based algorithm. In: 2010 IEEE 26th convention of electrical and electronics engineers in Israel
Hasegawa-Johnson M, Gunderson J, Perlman A, Huang T (2006) Hmm-based and svm-based recognition of the speech of talkers with spastic dysarthria. In: 2006 IEEE international conference on acoustics speed and signal processing proceedings
Caballero Morales SO, Cox SJ (2009) Modelling errors in automatic speech recognition for dysarthric speakers. EURASIP J Adv Signal Process 2009(1)
Rabiner LR (1989) A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications in speech recognition. Proc IEEE Inst Electr Electron Eng 77(2):257–286
Tsanas A, Little MA, McSharry PE, Spielman J, Ramig LO (2012) Novel speech signal processing algorithms for high-accuracy classification of Parkinson’s disease. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 59(5):1264–1271
Sakar BE, Serbes G, Sakar CO (2017) Analyzing the effectiveness of vocal features in early telediagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. PLoS One 12(8):e0182428
Tsanas A, Little MA, McSharry PE, Ramig LO (2010) Accurate telemonitoring of Parkinson’s disease progression by noninvasive speech tests. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 57(4):884–893
Benba A, Jilbab A, Hammouch A, Sandabad S (2015) Voiceprints analysis using MFCC and SVM for detecting patients with Parkinson’s disease. In: 2015 interna tional conference on electrical and information technologies (ICEIT)
Anila M, Laksmaiah K (2020) Education foundation. A review on Parkinson’s disease diagnosis using machine learning techniques. Int J Eng Res Technol (Ahmedabad) V9(06)
Wang W, Lee J, Harrou F, Sun Y (2020) Early detection of Parkinson’s disease using deep learning and machine learning. IEEE Access 8:147635–147646
Perez KS, Ramig LO, Smith ME, Dromey C (1996) The Parkinson larynx: trem- or and videostroboscopic findings. J Voice 10(4):354–361
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Kumari, R., Ramachandran, P. (2023). A Review on Early Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease Using Speech Signal Parameters Based on Machine Learning Technique. In: Subhashini, N., Ezra, M.A.G., Liaw, SK. (eds) Futuristic Communication and Network Technologies. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 966. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8338-2_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8338-2_18
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-19-8337-5
Online ISBN: 978-981-19-8338-2
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)