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Modeling Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells—A Review

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Abstract

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (also called Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell) PEMFC is an electrochemical device that converts the chemical energy in the Hydrogen–Oxygen reaction directly into electrical energy. The reaction takes place at low temperatures, with water and heat as products. The conversion efficiency could be as high as 70%. These make it very attractive as a power source for many applications in electronics, automotive and back-up generator. Much research has been performed on PEMFC over the past 30 years to improve performance and reliability. This paper reviews such works, with an emphasis on computational methods as a supplement to experimental studies. It starts with a review of the fundamentals of PEMFC, illustrates principles of operation, and finally discusses computational studies which are largely based on standard computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods. These range from one-dimensional, isothermal, single-phase to three-dimensional, non-isothermal, two-phase flow through porous media. The CFD methods are supplemented with electrical charge equations. Although the state-of-the-art is very advanced and can simulate accurately a single cell, or a small stack with a few cells, large stacks containing tens or hundreds of cells, typical of many practical applications, cannot still be resolved with existing computer resources.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA

    Ayodeji Demuren & Russell L. Edwards

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  1. Ayodeji Demuren
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Correspondence to Ayodeji Demuren .

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    Akshai Runchal

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Demuren, A., Edwards, R.L. (2020). Modeling Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells—A Review. In: Runchal, A. (eds) 50 Years of CFD in Engineering Sciences. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2670-1_15

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