For arthritis, there is need of development of a drug delivery system which permits less frequent... more For arthritis, there is need of development of a drug delivery system which permits less frequent dosing by maintaining a close contact with the skin for prolonged time period, thereby improving the patient compliance, especially among elderly. Till date, film forming gels of aceclofenac for arthritis are not available in the market. It is a novel approach which can be used as an alternative to conventional topical and transdermal formulations to treat arthritis. Therefore, HPMC and Eudragit RL 100 based film forming gels of aceclofenac were prepared. On the basis of in vitro potential, the formulation was further selected and evaluated for their acute skin irritation studies and in vivo anti-arthritic activity using primary skin irritation (draize) test and Freund’s Complete Adjuvant (FCA) induced arthritis method. The tested formulations were devoid of any irritation potential and no edema formation was observed in any cases Irritation score (primary skin irritation index) for all...
Objective: Raloxifene HCl (RLX) show a low oral bioavailability (<2%) in human due to its poor... more Objective: Raloxifene HCl (RLX) show a low oral bioavailability (<2%) in human due to its poor solubility and extensive (>90%) first-pass metabolism. To overcome these limitations, the present investigation deals with the development of Compritol 888 ATO based optimized RLX-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) . Methods: Compritol 888 ATO-based RLX-loaded optimized solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) were formulated using oil in water microemulsion method. Drug-excipients compatibility was confirmed through a powder X-ray diffraction study. The optimized SLN was characterized for particle size and drug release. Results: Drug-excipients compatibility was confirmed powder X-ray diffraction study. As per the desirability function value (0.959) the optimized formulation has the size and EE of 168.97 nm and 93.14%. In-vitro study showed a sustained release of RLX from the optimized SLNs. The optimized formulation was found stable for 180 days. Conclusion: The high biocompatibility, bio...
Polyphenols are the beneficial chemicals that are found naturally in plants. Their importance cam... more Polyphenols are the beneficial chemicals that are found naturally in plants. Their importance came into light because of their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The risk of many diseases such as diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, obesity have been reduced by eating the rich sources of polyphenolic foods. Polyphenols are naturally occurring compounds which are obtained from plant products like in some fruits, vegetables, tea, dark chocolates and many others. It works as antioxidants, anti-cancer, gives nourishment to skin and increases collagen. Polyphenols are of various types like Flavonoids as kaempferol, Phenolic acid as lignans and polyphenolic amides. Onion, apple, tea, red wine, red grapes, grape juice, strawberry, raspberries, blueberries and certain nuts are the rich sources of polyphenols. They are secondary metabolites of plants. They give protection from ultraviolet radiations or from aggression by pathogens. They prevent our cells from damaging and al...
To date, the oral route is considered as a proffered route for drug delivery having high patient ... more To date, the oral route is considered as a proffered route for drug delivery having high patient compliance. However, the therapeutic efficacy of the drug given through the oral route is hampered by its low solubility, low bioavailability, and stability issues in the harsh gastric environment. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have emerged as a potential system that can overcome the oral bioavailability issues associated with poorly water-soluble drugs. The SLNs have both properties of lipid emulsion and polymeric nanoparticles and thus offer various benefits, such as high biocompatibility, biodegradability, protect the drug from degradation, improved drug stability in gastrointestinal tract, controlled drug release, avoid organic solvents, and ease of manufacturing. This review discussed the recent advancements in SLNs with regards to the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. The key components and methods of preparation of SLNs were also discussed. To conclude, studie...
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2021
Objective: The poor water solubility of the drug presents a great challenge for the formulation ... more Objective: The poor water solubility of the drug presents a great challenge for the formulation development and results in low oral bioavailability. The oral bioavailability of Raloxifene HCl (RLX) is very low (<2%) in humans due to its poor solubility. The objective of the present study was to develop RLX loaded solid-liquid nanoparticles for effective drug delivery. Methods: Compritol 888 ATO-based RLX-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were formulated using the oil in water microemulsion method. Drug-excipients compatibility was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Differential scanning calorimetry methods. The SLN was characterized for particle size, surface morphology, entrapment efficiency. Results: A total of seventeen formulations (SLN1-SLN17) were developed as per the 3 levels 3 factor Box–Behnken design. The model used for the analysis was statistically analyzed using ANOVA and the goodness of fit was evaluated using diagnostic plots. As per ...
International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 2014
Transungual drug delivery system deals with the drug delivery through the hard keratinized nail p... more Transungual drug delivery system deals with the drug delivery through the hard keratinized nail plate. Different topical nail formulations like lacquers, enamel, and varnish are used for cosmetic purposes.They serve to protect the nail plate but also beautify and impart attractive colors. In present scientist and different researchers are working to treat different nail diseases like onycomycosis, nail psoriasis, yellow nail syndrome, paronychia. Nails disorders are mainly due to fungal infection, when drug is given through oral/systemic route, potency of drug gets decreased at the site of action. To avoid this lose of drug potency topical route of administration is used. The absorption of drugs into the nail unit to the nail plate is essential to produce therapeutic effects. By means of transungual drug delivery system oral toxicity of different drugs like anti-fungal can be avoided and also drug get longer contact time at the site of application. However nail permeability is low b...
For arthritis, there is need of development of a drug delivery system which permits less frequent... more For arthritis, there is need of development of a drug delivery system which permits less frequent dosing by maintaining a close contact with the skin for prolonged time period, thereby improving the patient compliance, especially among elderly. Till date, film forming gels of aceclofenac for arthritis are not available in the market. It is a novel approach which can be used as an alternative to conventional topical and transdermal formulations to treat arthritis. Therefore, HPMC and Eudragit RL 100 based film forming gels of aceclofenac were prepared. On the basis of in vitro potential, the formulation was further selected and evaluated for their acute skin irritation studies and in vivo anti-arthritic activity using primary skin irritation (draize) test and Freund’s Complete Adjuvant (FCA) induced arthritis method. The tested formulations were devoid of any irritation potential and no edema formation was observed in any cases Irritation score (primary skin irritation index) for all...
Objective: Raloxifene HCl (RLX) show a low oral bioavailability (<2%) in human due to its poor... more Objective: Raloxifene HCl (RLX) show a low oral bioavailability (<2%) in human due to its poor solubility and extensive (>90%) first-pass metabolism. To overcome these limitations, the present investigation deals with the development of Compritol 888 ATO based optimized RLX-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) . Methods: Compritol 888 ATO-based RLX-loaded optimized solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) were formulated using oil in water microemulsion method. Drug-excipients compatibility was confirmed through a powder X-ray diffraction study. The optimized SLN was characterized for particle size and drug release. Results: Drug-excipients compatibility was confirmed powder X-ray diffraction study. As per the desirability function value (0.959) the optimized formulation has the size and EE of 168.97 nm and 93.14%. In-vitro study showed a sustained release of RLX from the optimized SLNs. The optimized formulation was found stable for 180 days. Conclusion: The high biocompatibility, bio...
Polyphenols are the beneficial chemicals that are found naturally in plants. Their importance cam... more Polyphenols are the beneficial chemicals that are found naturally in plants. Their importance came into light because of their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The risk of many diseases such as diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, obesity have been reduced by eating the rich sources of polyphenolic foods. Polyphenols are naturally occurring compounds which are obtained from plant products like in some fruits, vegetables, tea, dark chocolates and many others. It works as antioxidants, anti-cancer, gives nourishment to skin and increases collagen. Polyphenols are of various types like Flavonoids as kaempferol, Phenolic acid as lignans and polyphenolic amides. Onion, apple, tea, red wine, red grapes, grape juice, strawberry, raspberries, blueberries and certain nuts are the rich sources of polyphenols. They are secondary metabolites of plants. They give protection from ultraviolet radiations or from aggression by pathogens. They prevent our cells from damaging and al...
To date, the oral route is considered as a proffered route for drug delivery having high patient ... more To date, the oral route is considered as a proffered route for drug delivery having high patient compliance. However, the therapeutic efficacy of the drug given through the oral route is hampered by its low solubility, low bioavailability, and stability issues in the harsh gastric environment. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have emerged as a potential system that can overcome the oral bioavailability issues associated with poorly water-soluble drugs. The SLNs have both properties of lipid emulsion and polymeric nanoparticles and thus offer various benefits, such as high biocompatibility, biodegradability, protect the drug from degradation, improved drug stability in gastrointestinal tract, controlled drug release, avoid organic solvents, and ease of manufacturing. This review discussed the recent advancements in SLNs with regards to the oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. The key components and methods of preparation of SLNs were also discussed. To conclude, studie...
International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2021
Objective: The poor water solubility of the drug presents a great challenge for the formulation ... more Objective: The poor water solubility of the drug presents a great challenge for the formulation development and results in low oral bioavailability. The oral bioavailability of Raloxifene HCl (RLX) is very low (<2%) in humans due to its poor solubility. The objective of the present study was to develop RLX loaded solid-liquid nanoparticles for effective drug delivery. Methods: Compritol 888 ATO-based RLX-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were formulated using the oil in water microemulsion method. Drug-excipients compatibility was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Differential scanning calorimetry methods. The SLN was characterized for particle size, surface morphology, entrapment efficiency. Results: A total of seventeen formulations (SLN1-SLN17) were developed as per the 3 levels 3 factor Box–Behnken design. The model used for the analysis was statistically analyzed using ANOVA and the goodness of fit was evaluated using diagnostic plots. As per ...
International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 2014
Transungual drug delivery system deals with the drug delivery through the hard keratinized nail p... more Transungual drug delivery system deals with the drug delivery through the hard keratinized nail plate. Different topical nail formulations like lacquers, enamel, and varnish are used for cosmetic purposes.They serve to protect the nail plate but also beautify and impart attractive colors. In present scientist and different researchers are working to treat different nail diseases like onycomycosis, nail psoriasis, yellow nail syndrome, paronychia. Nails disorders are mainly due to fungal infection, when drug is given through oral/systemic route, potency of drug gets decreased at the site of action. To avoid this lose of drug potency topical route of administration is used. The absorption of drugs into the nail unit to the nail plate is essential to produce therapeutic effects. By means of transungual drug delivery system oral toxicity of different drugs like anti-fungal can be avoided and also drug get longer contact time at the site of application. However nail permeability is low b...
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