Papers by Williams Ahmed-Gamgum
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Politics is an inevitable struggle for power and resources in every society, whether democratic o... more Politics is an inevitable struggle for power and resources in every society, whether democratic or totalitarian. The goal of a State that has adopted democratic ideals is not just counting the increasing number of years in which elections has been sequentially held but to entrench the culture of constitutionalism and compliance with electoral laws; and its impact would be indicated by increasing positive political development and the feeling that there would be security to citizen's lives and properties as a result of good governance in the country. This study is interested in evaluating the preparations toward the conduct of the 2023 general election in Nigeria particularly Government policies for the conduct of political party primaries; whether it has given the feeling of satisfaction to citizens because of compliance to electoral laws or it is a satisfaction to only ruling elites. Data for this study on the conduct of party primaries would be collected from documentary sources and interviews with some critical Stakeholders in Nigeria. Findings reveal that political elites and their groups indeed influenced the issues and policies relating to the contemporary issues of Zoning, Direct Primaries, Indirect Primaries and Consensus over who become party flag bearers. The also as they introduced new brands and increasing undemocratic culture, there is also increasing feeling of insecurity in the conduct of free and fair party primaries. This feeling of insecurity and exhibition of undemocratic culture would still manifest in the conduct of the 2023 election in Nigeria except the hope for electronic voting and transmission of results is made manifest. This paper recommends that the electorates as a major stakeholder should be more determined to resist the efforts of political elites in promoting undemocratic culture in Nigeria by voting candidates and parties that support ideal constitutional democratic practices.
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Studies in Social Sciences and Humanities, 2015
Cultural policy in Nigeria allows each ethno-religious group to practice its culture. But genocid... more Cultural policy in Nigeria allows each ethno-religious group to practice its culture. But genocide tendencies have constituted a challenge to the Kuchicheb cultural festival celebrated by Kuteb people in Takum Chiefdom, Southern Taraba State Nigeria. This initial challenge to one ethnic group later resulted to challenges to other ethnic groups whenever they also wish to celebrate their cultural festivals. The questions which this paper seeks to determine their answers are: How is Kuchicheb cultural festival celebrated? Why has it tuned to be an avenue to fight and kill? Are there remote and immediate causes which the Government has resolved or failed to resolve? This paper found that in Takum Chiefdom the Government is not positive in implementing Nigeria’s Cultural Policy which says Government should promote the culture of all groups in Nigeria. This paper recommends that the Taraba State Government should not be seen to encourage cultural genocide in Taraba State. As such the remote cause of the conflict should be solved and the suspension of celebration of cultural festivals in Takum be lifted.
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Public Policy and Administration Research, 2014
The problem which this study set-out to examine is whether the making, implementation and interpr... more The problem which this study set-out to examine is whether the making, implementation and interpretation of the policy which gives workers the freedom of association as trade unions to engage in the practice of trade unionism in Nigeria caused or did not cause inter trade union conflicts at the national and State levels; and how did the policy cause this conflict This study found that there are two major causes of inter trade union conflicts both at National and State levels that is Psychological and Manifest causes..The Psychological are the general theories of conflict and the Manifest is the real world issues at stake in the dispute. The Manifest is indicated at the National level by way of discrimination on some category of workers regarded as senior staff who as from 1978 to 2004 were not permitted to have their recognised federation of Trade unions at par with Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC) yet it was also illegal for senior staff unions to affiliate with NLC. Another dimensio...
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The objective of this paper is to understanding the rationale and how specific perennial conflict... more The objective of this paper is to understanding the rationale and how specific perennial conflicts between herdsmen and famers in Nigeria are being resolved before 2019 election in Nigeria to enable the people to resume normal life. In doing this we critically examined the perspectives of the disputants and the policy adopted by Federal and some State Governments to resolve it. The study collected data from both primary and secondary sources. And the technique of “content analysis” was used in analyzing the data. This study found that the conflicts created tension not only in areas where there was direct confrontation between the disputants but the conflicts terrorized every community and put them on alert to ensure that both short term and long solution was provided to return the State to a violent free community. Some State Governments made specific policies which include intergroup committees and or after due process of law making in a democratic society, presented open grazing p...
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A one Nigeria nation came to being in 1914. And when Nigeria is compared with most third world co... more A one Nigeria nation came to being in 1914. And when Nigeria is compared with most third world countries, Nigeria is more developed than then these other third world countries. Even though some modest achievement has been made, there are still some policy, human attitudinal contradictions and other challenges which have made Nigeria State unable to provide all that Nigerian citizens are expecting from the Government, to move it to the club of developed countries. As such some people argue that the colonial policy which resulted in amalgamation of kingdoms into Southern and Northern Protectorates and in particular the later amalgamation of Southern and Northern Protectorates into Nigeria was a mistake. Some groups from the South have argued that Nigeria was formed without the consent of the respective tribal groups and kingdoms that make up Nigeria and so it should split into their desired independent States. Another group appeared from North to reject the secular nature of the Niger...
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Cultural policy in Nigeria allows each ethno-religious group to practice its culture. But genocid... more Cultural policy in Nigeria allows each ethno-religious group to practice its culture. But genocide tendencies have constituted a challenge to the Kuchicheb cultural festival celebrated by Kuteb people in Takum Chiefdom, Southern Taraba State Nigeria. This initial challenge to one ethnic group later resulted to challenges to other ethnic groups whenever they also wish to celebrate their cultural festivals. The questions which this paper seeks to determine their answers are: How is Kuchicheb cultural festival celebrated? Why has it tuned to be an avenue to fight and kill? Are there remote and immediate causes which the Government has resolved or failed to resolve? This paper found that in Takum Chiefdom the Government is not positive in implementing Nigeria’s Cultural Policy which says Government should promote the culture of all groups in Nigeria. This paper recommends that the Taraba State Government should not be seen to encourage cultural genocide in Taraba State. As such the re...
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The problem which this study set-out to examine is whether the making, implementation and interpr... more The problem which this study set-out to examine is whether the making, implementation and interpretation of the policy which gives workers the freedom of association as trade unions to engage in the practice of trade unionism in Nigeria caused or did not cause inter trade union conflicts at the national and State levels; and how did the policy cause this conflict This study found that there are two major causes of inter trade union conflicts both at National and State levels that is Psychological and Manifest causes..The Psychological are the general theories of conflict and the Manifest is the real world issues at stake in the dispute. The Manifest is indicated at the National level by way of discrimination on some category of workers regarded as senior staff who as from 1978 to 2004 were not permitted to have their recognised federation of Trade unions at par with Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC) yet it was also illegal for senior staff unions to affiliate with NLC. Another dimension...
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Public Policy and Administration Research, 2014
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Ahmed-Gamgum, 2014
A one Nigeria nation came to being in 1914. And when Nigeria is compared with most third world co... more A one Nigeria nation came to being in 1914. And when Nigeria is compared with most third world countries, Nigeria is more developed than then these other third world countries.
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Political Science is concerned with studying (i) political or power struggles and relationship be... more Political Science is concerned with studying (i) political or power struggles and relationship between socioeconomic classes/strata and (ii) political or power relations between socioeconomic classes/strata and the government /State. The first objective of this paper is to examine the stand of the State over the major socioeconomic challenges particularly that of falling oil prices and interclass/group struggle for power which is leading to calls for restructuring, resource control and secessionist agitations. Secondly, it is to examine the complimentary role that Political Scientists have provided and would play to assist the State to provide social and economic development needs of the various groups vis-avis falling revenue so that the country does not disintegrate? Data for this study was collected from secondary sources. Findings has shown that (i) Socially, the State through its institutions, policies and decisions is still saying Nigeria must remain one social group, nation and country and continue to solve social and economic challenges together (ii) the Political Scientist has a role to play to assist the State carry out its responsibilities in the face of falling price of oil and its negative effects. This paper recommends that the Political Scientist should continue to educate Nigerians on the actual causes of domestic social and political challenges responsible for increasing economic recession, high cost of living and secessionist tendencies. Also Nigerians particularly fuel marketers and Bureau de change operators should operate with human face by stopping the hoarding and fixing of exorbitant prices and rates of their commodity outside government price and rates ceiling. While this is being adhered to Government should make Nigeria's refineries work for adequate supply of home refined fuel.
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Public Administration is both a practical human activity and academic discipline. As an activity ... more Public Administration is both a practical human activity and academic discipline. As an activity it is the steps taken to implement government policies and laws with the aim of providing solution to social and economic needs and challenges of Citizens. This paper examined how this was done through budget making and implementation process in Nigeria using the bureaucratic institutions. The paper found that in spite of the falling oil price in the international market and consequently reduced income to government, the demand for social and economic projects continue to increase as well as the budgetary estimates allocated to each project continue to rise with deficit financing in budgets. This incremental system of budgeting otherwise called padding is practiced not only in Nigeria but in some other countries. It is seen as budget indiscipline which begins at the level of Ministries, Department and Agencies because it is not based on genuine data and usage. Notwithstanding, Nigerian Presidents have to carry the blame and look forward with hope because the President is the Chief Executive who presented a padded budget to the National Assembly. The National Assembly is also responsible for padding because they failed to approve unpadded budget, which goes to say that their reaction against padding was not to remove arbitrary increments but political and economic strategy to ensure their interest is also accommodated in resolving the question of who gets what (real and imaginary resources) and how? This paper observes that in spite of being an annual ritual or routine, budgeting practices should continue to be used as an aspect of policy analysis, decision-making and "accountability" without which the social and economic exploitation would be worse. In view of the need for an objective and reasoned process of budgeting, this paper then recommends that the technique of Performance Planning Budgeting System (PPBS) should be given greater attention in practice.
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The objective of this study is to underscore the fact that though there was regime change yet the... more The objective of this study is to underscore the fact that though there was regime change yet there is continuity in the policy of Treasury Single Account. TSA was carefully planned out for capital formation and reduction of revenue leakages. Data for this study was collected from secondary sources. The data was analyzed by using the technique of content analysis. This study found that:-(i) the search for both rural and urban development are responsible for the push for more funds through a mixture of Monetary and Fiscal Policies. (ii) Monetary Policy consists of deliberate policy-actions by the government through appropriate institutional framework i.e. monetary authorities which aimed at achieving particular set of economic objectives. (iii) Hence the research revealed that the policy of TSA is an international best practice in monetary and fiscal policy-making for economic development. (iv) TSA is therefore coordinated or institutionally rooted in the Central Bank of Nigeria. So it is recommended that the TSA policy should be sustained and the challenges be addressed by relevant stakeholders.
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The objectives of this study are to determine the remote and immediate causes of the plight of th... more The objectives of this study are to determine the remote and immediate causes of the plight of the Yangtu Community; to investigate whether they are satisfied with their present status of not belonging to any local government Area in Taraba State; and to what extent have they exercised political consciousness and participation in decision making to change their situation for good. findings from this study reveal that (i) political consciousness and effective participation is desirable aspect of political development in Nigeria but in practice protection is given to some communities while other communities are discriminated and marginalized (politically conscious and have are still making demands for a change of policy to allow them make effective political participation in a local government of their choice. (iv) There are constitutional and political factors which are blocking the realization of their demands and political development of the Area. The study recommends that since constitutional amendments have not been made to reduce the cumbersome constitutional processes for Local Government and boundary adjustment, the State Governor and other Stakeholders in the State should monster necessary political will to assist the people belong to a local government of their choice and or have elected representatives in the Special Development Area and the State House of Assembly.
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The problem which this study set-out to examine is whether the making, implementation and interpr... more The problem which this study set-out to examine is whether the making, implementation and interpretation of the policy which gives workers the freedom of association as trade unions to engage in the practice of trade unionism in Nigeria caused or did not cause inter trade union conflicts at the national and State levels; and how did the policy cause this conflict This study found that there are two major causes of inter trade union conflicts both at National and State levels that is Psychological and Manifest causes..The Psychological are the general theories of conflict and the Manifest is the real world issues at stake in the dispute. The Manifest is indicated at the National level by way of discrimination on some category of workers regarded as senior staff who as from 1978 to 2004 were not permitted to have their recognised federation of Trade unions at par with Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC) yet it was also illegal for senior staff unions to affiliate with NLC. Another dimension of the conflict was that there were also policy reforms during the military era of the 1990s without consultation with senior staff unions. This was followed with intense propaganda by NLC affiliates that senior staff associations are not trade unions which made some eligible workers not to join senior staff associations at the State level.
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The objective of this paper is to understanding the rationale and how specific perennial conflict... more The objective of this paper is to understanding the rationale and how specific perennial conflicts between herdsmen and famers in Nigeria are being resolved before 2019 election in Nigeria to enable the people to resume normal life. In doing this we critically examined the perspectives of the disputants and the policy adopted by Federal and some State Governments to resolve it. The study collected data from both primary and secondary sources. And the technique of "content analysis" was used in analyzing the data. This study found that the conflicts created tension not only in areas where there was direct confrontation between the disputants but the conflicts terrorized every community and put them on alert to ensure that both short term and long solution was provided to return the State to a violent free community. Some State Governments made specific policies which include intergroup committees and or after due process of law making in a democratic society, presented open grazing prohibition and establishment of ranches laws to guide behaviors and the resolution of future conflicts that may arise between farmers and herdsmen in their respective States. Yet pocket of threats to life and property continued in some parts of the country to ensure the laws are not enforced and "cattle colonies" were established instead. This paper recommends that both parties to the dispute should continue to exercise restraints, and obey Government policy/law by using institutional approaches to resolve grievances. And a stop should be put to the destruction of life and properties.
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Nigerian workers are desirous to have a workable social insurance scheme but there is fear that c... more Nigerian workers are desirous to have a workable social insurance scheme but there is fear that corruption might perhaps lead to failure of the scheme. As such the Government may not reasonably access and assess employers. Perhaps there would be non-compliance with the applicable policy /law on employee's compensation scheme. The question now is what is the nature of the policy and management team or structure of the scheme? Employees need to know and make it work to guarantee safety of resources. Furthermore, are there differences between the present implementing agency and the earlier structure? This study has a direct bearing on the facts that there are differences in policy and management structure and the scheme is for the benefit of the employees, employers and the Nigerian society at large. Similarly, it is re-emphasized that employers should key into the scheme to make life easier for workers while in service. Accordingly labour unions should formally put the matter before their employers for adoption and implementation to enable grass root workers benefit.
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Papers by Williams Ahmed-Gamgum