Ultraviolet spectrophotometric and ion pair chromatographic methods have been developed for simul... more Ultraviolet spectrophotometric and ion pair chromatographic methods have been developed for simultaneous estimation of telmisartan and hydrochlrothiazide from their tablet dosage form. The first method involves multiwavelength spectrophotometric estimation (Method 1) where interference due to hydrochlrothiazide at 286 nm (wavelength for estimation of telmisartan) was eliminated by recording absorbance difference at 286 nm and 308 nm whereas interference of telmisartan at 262 nm (wavelength for estimation of hydrochlrothiazide) was removed by recording absorbance difference at 262 nm and 282 nm. Linearity of the response was demonstrated by telmisartan in the concentration range of 5-35 ig/ml with a square correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9995. Linearity of the response was demonstrated by hydrochlrothiazide in the concentration range of 3-21 ig/ml with a square correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9992. The second method utilizes ion pair chromatography (Method 2) on a HIQ sil ODS col...
Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies
This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or s... more This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae, and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material.
Two new simple, selective economical and reproducible UV spectrophotometeric method simultaneous ... more Two new simple, selective economical and reproducible UV spectrophotometeric method simultaneous estimation of two component drug mixture of Amlodipine besylate (AB)) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) in pharmaceutical preparation, blood sample and urine has been developed. The first method depends on first derivative method at 245 and 238 nm for AB and HCT also in plasma and urine respectively. The linearity over the concentration ranges 2.5–17.5μg/ml for both the drugs AB and HCT. The second method is based on two wavelength method, which uses the difference of absorbance value at 271 nm and 395 nm for estimation of Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) and absorbance at 363 nm for amlodipine besylate (AB). In formulation, plasma and urine Methanol: water (50:50v/v) was used as solvent, in which Amlodipine besylate and Hydrochlorothiazide shows linearity in the range of 2.5–17.5 μg/ml for both the drugs respectively. Standard deviation was <1.5 in the assay of tablets. This method validated an...
Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research, 2014
Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) chelation therapy has been practiced since longtime for t... more Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) chelation therapy has been practiced since longtime for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, alone or in combination with other treatments. It has been recommended as a harmless, relatively inexpensive and non-surgical method of restoring blood flow in atherosclerotic vessels. Ability of EDTA to form complex with heavy metals like calcium, lead, copper is used to remove calcium from arthrosclerosis plaques which ultimately improves the condition. It can be concluded that chelation therapy is emerging form of complementary or alternative medicine to surgery and can be used in safe manner. Still there is insufficient evidence to decide on the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of chelation therapy in improving clinical outcomes of patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Needle free injection techniques can be used to administer vaccines and medications in the pork i... more Needle free injection techniques can be used to administer vaccines and medications in the pork industry. In this review we have discussed history of diabetes mellitus with its whole introduction, types of insulin, need for needle free insulin technology, insulin pumps, intraject drug delivery, current needle free devices in the market. Needle free injection offers a fast, effective route of administration. Needle free injection technology has been used widely in clinical practice for many decades and has been shown to be safe and effective for the administration of many different medications for a variety of applications, including immunization and mass inoculation of large populations. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that has a major impact on the lives of people with diabetes and their families and may complicate family functioning. An insulin injection is always became a painful experience to a diabetic patient. It definitely affect the patient compliance of the diabeti...
The commercial importance of IPRs has grown considerably, especially since the 1970s. Those natio... more The commercial importance of IPRs has grown considerably, especially since the 1970s. Those national economies in which most IPR-holding corporations are concentrated have experienced a transformation in the composition of their exports in manufactures. Since 1970, for most developed countries, the contribution of advanced technologies to economic performance in terms of manufacturing value-added and exports has increased substantially. ―Intellectual Property‖ those creations of the legal mind in relation to which the state confers upon individuals a statutory monopoly for a prescribed term to prevent their unauthorised exploitation. Present project gives focus on how industry‘ s influence on intellectual property negotiations, impact of industry‘ s intellectual property on economy of different countries. Multi-agent systems (MAS) offer an innovative approach towards reducing the tremendous time and human resources invested in negotiations since they are particularly suitable for re...
Abstract Context &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp; Objective: The... more Abstract Context &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp; Objective: The aim of present investigation was to formulate and develop lipid-based nanostructured carriers (NLCs) containing Idebenone (IDE) for delivery to brain. Attempts have been made to evaluate IDE NLCs for its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile through the objective of enhancement in bioavailability and effectivity of drug. Methods: Nanoprecipitation technique was used for development of drug loaded NLCs. The components solid lipid Precirol ATO 5, oil Miglyol 840, surfactants Tween 80 and Labrasol have been screened out for formulation development by consideration of preformulation parameters including solubility, Required Hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) of lipids and stability study. Developed IDE NLCs were subjected for particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency (%EE), crystallographic investigation, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, pharmacokinetics, in vivo and stability study. Results: Formulation under investigation has particle size 174.1 ± 2.6 nm, zeta potential -18.65 ± 1.13 mV and% EE 90.68 ± 2.90. Crystallographic studies exemplified for partial amorphization of IDE by molecularly dispersion within lipid crust. IDE NLCs showed drug release 93.56 ± 0.39% at end of 24 h by following Higuchi model which necessitates for appropriate drug delivery with enhancement in bioavailability of drug by 4.6-fold in plasma and 2.8-fold in brain over plain drug loaded aqueous dispersions. In vivo studies revealed that effect of drug was enhanced by prepared lipid nanocarriers. Conclusions: IDE lipid-based nanostructured carriers could have potential for efficient drug delivery to brain with enhancement in bioavailability of drug over the conventional formulations.
ABSTRACT The present communication deals with pharmacophore modeling, pocket modeling of the targ... more ABSTRACT The present communication deals with pharmacophore modeling, pocket modeling of the target site, and 3D QSAR analysis of 23 molecules of pyrazole-5-carboxamide from reported literature as factor IX inhibitors. The 3D QSAR analysis was carried out using k-nearest neighbor molecular field analysis (kNN-MFA) combined with various selection procedures. On the basis of QSAR analysis and pocket modeling data, a series of novel factor IXA inhibitors were designed, synthesized, and screened to validate the results of pharmacophore modeling and pocket modeling.
ABSTRACT Purpose: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a silent killer disorder which is a public h... more ABSTRACT Purpose: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a silent killer disorder which is a public health challenge all over the world. The higher morbidity and mortality rate of T2DM hobble health care systems and the economy worldwide. Insulin resistance and relatively reduced insulin secretion are the main characteristics of T2DM. The present study was aimed to design and develop a bimodal release formulation of repaglinide and metformin hydrochloride to control the changes in blood sugar level according to daily routine and to maintaining it in an appropriate range using experimental design techniques. Methods: The bilayer press-coated tablet showing time controlled release was formulated using direct compression method by forming repaglinide immediate release layer and another of metformin hydrochloride as a time controlled release layer. The 32 factorial design was applied for the press coated layer of metformin hydrochloride by varying the concentration of polymers. Results: Optimized composition was found to be shown the drug release of 62.44% of repaglinide and above 98% of that of metformin hydrochloride with a pre-designed lag time. The patient friendly formulation was found to be beneficial which mainly decreases dosing frequency; increase the therapeutic effect of both insulin sensitizing drugs and releases the drugs with a pre-determined time pattern. Conclusions: The work accomplished, successfully developed a time controlled, bilayer, bimodal release formulation for T2DM having immediate release of repaglinide and time controlled release of metformin hydrochloride using press coating technique. The formulation will increase patient compliance as compared to formulation containing individual drug available in the market.
Ultraviolet spectrophotometric and ion pair chromatographic methods have been developed for simul... more Ultraviolet spectrophotometric and ion pair chromatographic methods have been developed for simultaneous estimation of telmisartan and hydrochlrothiazide from their tablet dosage form. The first method involves multiwavelength spectrophotometric estimation (Method 1) where interference due to hydrochlrothiazide at 286 nm (wavelength for estimation of telmisartan) was eliminated by recording absorbance difference at 286 nm and 308 nm whereas interference of telmisartan at 262 nm (wavelength for estimation of hydrochlrothiazide) was removed by recording absorbance difference at 262 nm and 282 nm. Linearity of the response was demonstrated by telmisartan in the concentration range of 5-35 ig/ml with a square correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9995. Linearity of the response was demonstrated by hydrochlrothiazide in the concentration range of 3-21 ig/ml with a square correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9992. The second method utilizes ion pair chromatography (Method 2) on a HIQ sil ODS col...
Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies
This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or s... more This article may be used for research, teaching, and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution, reselling, loan, sub-licensing, systematic supply, or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae, and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand, or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material.
Two new simple, selective economical and reproducible UV spectrophotometeric method simultaneous ... more Two new simple, selective economical and reproducible UV spectrophotometeric method simultaneous estimation of two component drug mixture of Amlodipine besylate (AB)) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) in pharmaceutical preparation, blood sample and urine has been developed. The first method depends on first derivative method at 245 and 238 nm for AB and HCT also in plasma and urine respectively. The linearity over the concentration ranges 2.5–17.5μg/ml for both the drugs AB and HCT. The second method is based on two wavelength method, which uses the difference of absorbance value at 271 nm and 395 nm for estimation of Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) and absorbance at 363 nm for amlodipine besylate (AB). In formulation, plasma and urine Methanol: water (50:50v/v) was used as solvent, in which Amlodipine besylate and Hydrochlorothiazide shows linearity in the range of 2.5–17.5 μg/ml for both the drugs respectively. Standard deviation was <1.5 in the assay of tablets. This method validated an...
Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research, 2014
Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) chelation therapy has been practiced since longtime for t... more Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) chelation therapy has been practiced since longtime for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, alone or in combination with other treatments. It has been recommended as a harmless, relatively inexpensive and non-surgical method of restoring blood flow in atherosclerotic vessels. Ability of EDTA to form complex with heavy metals like calcium, lead, copper is used to remove calcium from arthrosclerosis plaques which ultimately improves the condition. It can be concluded that chelation therapy is emerging form of complementary or alternative medicine to surgery and can be used in safe manner. Still there is insufficient evidence to decide on the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of chelation therapy in improving clinical outcomes of patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Needle free injection techniques can be used to administer vaccines and medications in the pork i... more Needle free injection techniques can be used to administer vaccines and medications in the pork industry. In this review we have discussed history of diabetes mellitus with its whole introduction, types of insulin, need for needle free insulin technology, insulin pumps, intraject drug delivery, current needle free devices in the market. Needle free injection offers a fast, effective route of administration. Needle free injection technology has been used widely in clinical practice for many decades and has been shown to be safe and effective for the administration of many different medications for a variety of applications, including immunization and mass inoculation of large populations. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that has a major impact on the lives of people with diabetes and their families and may complicate family functioning. An insulin injection is always became a painful experience to a diabetic patient. It definitely affect the patient compliance of the diabeti...
The commercial importance of IPRs has grown considerably, especially since the 1970s. Those natio... more The commercial importance of IPRs has grown considerably, especially since the 1970s. Those national economies in which most IPR-holding corporations are concentrated have experienced a transformation in the composition of their exports in manufactures. Since 1970, for most developed countries, the contribution of advanced technologies to economic performance in terms of manufacturing value-added and exports has increased substantially. ―Intellectual Property‖ those creations of the legal mind in relation to which the state confers upon individuals a statutory monopoly for a prescribed term to prevent their unauthorised exploitation. Present project gives focus on how industry‘ s influence on intellectual property negotiations, impact of industry‘ s intellectual property on economy of different countries. Multi-agent systems (MAS) offer an innovative approach towards reducing the tremendous time and human resources invested in negotiations since they are particularly suitable for re...
Abstract Context &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp; Objective: The... more Abstract Context &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp; Objective: The aim of present investigation was to formulate and develop lipid-based nanostructured carriers (NLCs) containing Idebenone (IDE) for delivery to brain. Attempts have been made to evaluate IDE NLCs for its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile through the objective of enhancement in bioavailability and effectivity of drug. Methods: Nanoprecipitation technique was used for development of drug loaded NLCs. The components solid lipid Precirol ATO 5, oil Miglyol 840, surfactants Tween 80 and Labrasol have been screened out for formulation development by consideration of preformulation parameters including solubility, Required Hydrophilic lipophilic balance (HLB) of lipids and stability study. Developed IDE NLCs were subjected for particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency (%EE), crystallographic investigation, transmission electron microscopy, in vitro drug release, pharmacokinetics, in vivo and stability study. Results: Formulation under investigation has particle size 174.1 ± 2.6 nm, zeta potential -18.65 ± 1.13 mV and% EE 90.68 ± 2.90. Crystallographic studies exemplified for partial amorphization of IDE by molecularly dispersion within lipid crust. IDE NLCs showed drug release 93.56 ± 0.39% at end of 24 h by following Higuchi model which necessitates for appropriate drug delivery with enhancement in bioavailability of drug by 4.6-fold in plasma and 2.8-fold in brain over plain drug loaded aqueous dispersions. In vivo studies revealed that effect of drug was enhanced by prepared lipid nanocarriers. Conclusions: IDE lipid-based nanostructured carriers could have potential for efficient drug delivery to brain with enhancement in bioavailability of drug over the conventional formulations.
ABSTRACT The present communication deals with pharmacophore modeling, pocket modeling of the targ... more ABSTRACT The present communication deals with pharmacophore modeling, pocket modeling of the target site, and 3D QSAR analysis of 23 molecules of pyrazole-5-carboxamide from reported literature as factor IX inhibitors. The 3D QSAR analysis was carried out using k-nearest neighbor molecular field analysis (kNN-MFA) combined with various selection procedures. On the basis of QSAR analysis and pocket modeling data, a series of novel factor IXA inhibitors were designed, synthesized, and screened to validate the results of pharmacophore modeling and pocket modeling.
ABSTRACT Purpose: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a silent killer disorder which is a public h... more ABSTRACT Purpose: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a silent killer disorder which is a public health challenge all over the world. The higher morbidity and mortality rate of T2DM hobble health care systems and the economy worldwide. Insulin resistance and relatively reduced insulin secretion are the main characteristics of T2DM. The present study was aimed to design and develop a bimodal release formulation of repaglinide and metformin hydrochloride to control the changes in blood sugar level according to daily routine and to maintaining it in an appropriate range using experimental design techniques. Methods: The bilayer press-coated tablet showing time controlled release was formulated using direct compression method by forming repaglinide immediate release layer and another of metformin hydrochloride as a time controlled release layer. The 32 factorial design was applied for the press coated layer of metformin hydrochloride by varying the concentration of polymers. Results: Optimized composition was found to be shown the drug release of 62.44% of repaglinide and above 98% of that of metformin hydrochloride with a pre-designed lag time. The patient friendly formulation was found to be beneficial which mainly decreases dosing frequency; increase the therapeutic effect of both insulin sensitizing drugs and releases the drugs with a pre-determined time pattern. Conclusions: The work accomplished, successfully developed a time controlled, bilayer, bimodal release formulation for T2DM having immediate release of repaglinide and time controlled release of metformin hydrochloride using press coating technique. The formulation will increase patient compliance as compared to formulation containing individual drug available in the market.
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