Papers by Muthukumar Thangavelu
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
The present study aims to assess the impact of soil types (Alfisol and Vertisol) on mycorrhizal d... more The present study aims to assess the impact of soil types (Alfisol and Vertisol) on mycorrhizal dependency and nutrient acquisition in ten genotypes of finger millet ( Eleusine coracana L.Gaertn.) (GPU 28, GPU 45, GPU 48, GPU 66, GPU 67, KMR 301, KMR 304, ML 365, MR 6, and SURATAI). Finger millet was raised both in the presence and absence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in a complete randomized block design under greenhouse conditions. Soil characteristics, biomass, shoot and root nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) content of plants were measured after 45 days of growth. The shoot and root biomass were significantly greater for finger millet plants raised in the presence of AM fungi than those grown in its absence in both the soil types. The shoot and root N contents were higher in SURATAI and GPU 66 genotypes in both soil types in the presence of AM fungi. However, the maximum shoot and root P concentrations in the presence of AM fungi were recorded in ML 365 and KMR 304 genotypes in Alfisol soil, whereas GPU 28 and GPU 48 had higher shoot and root P contents in Vertisol soil, in the presence of AM fungi. The finger millet genotype SURATAI was highly dependent on AM fungi (69.44% and 45.36%) in both the soil types. The results of the study indicated that interactions between soil type and the genotypes significantly influenced the mycorrhizal dependency of finger millet in spite of its elaborate root system.
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Journal of Horticultural Research
Microorganisms play an important role in the propagation and growth of plants. Propagation of pla... more Microorganisms play an important role in the propagation and growth of plants. Propagation of plants through stem cuttings is a popular method widely practiced in horticulture and forestry. As the information on the interactive role of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) in the regeneration and growth of clonally propagated plants is limited, we inoculated stem cuttings of Impatiens walleriana with Rhizophagus fasciculatus and Bacillus megaterium var. phosphaticum individually or in combination in an unsterile Alfisol field soil. The inoculated cuttings were harvested after 45 days of cultivation and various growth parameters and phosphorus (P) uptake were measured. Inoculation with the AM fungus or PSB individually improved plant growth parameters, whereas the dual inoculation did not give synergistic results. Plants inoculated at cutting stage with R. fasciculatus accumulated the highest plant biomass and showed maximum microbial inoculation...
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Ecological Questions
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Comptes rendus biologies, 2015
Fly ash is the residue produced during the combustion of coal, and its disposal is a major enviro... more Fly ash is the residue produced during the combustion of coal, and its disposal is a major environmental concern worldwide. However, fly ash can ameliorate soils by improving their physical, chemical, and biological properties. Hence, we conducted a study to understand the mycorrhizoremediation of different levels of fly ash (2%, 4%, and 6%) by using kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.) inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Rhizophagus fasciculatus under greenhouse conditions. Fly ash amendment at a low level (2%) significantly enhanced AM colonization, spore number, plant growth, nutrient uptake, nutrient-use efficiencies and grain yield of kodo millet. Nevertheless, inoculation of soils amended with 2% fly ash with the AM fungus further enhanced the AM fungal, plant growth, nutrient uptake and yield parameters. Arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization decreased with increasing concentrations of fly ash amendment; however, such decrease was not linear. Our results also r...
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Microbiological Research In Agroecosystem Management, 2013
The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal species and strains on seedling growth and upta... more The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal species and strains on seedling growth and uptake of nutrients were determined for Casuarina equisetifolia under nursery conditions. Seedlings of C. equisetifolia were inoculated individually with four strains each of Acaulospora scrobiculata and Glomus aggregatum in two soil types (alfisol and vertisol). Seedling height, root collar diameter, nodulation, dry weights, nutrient contents, nutrient uptake efficiencies, mycorrhizal inoculation effect (MIE), and seedling quality were determined at harvest. Seedlings inoculated with different AM fungal strains invariably had significantly higher plant growth, and nutrient parameters measured. Nevertheless, the response was higher for seedlings inoculated with strains of G. aggregatum compared to those inoculated with strains of A. scrobiculata. The mycorrhizal response as measured by MIE was significantly affected by soil types. These results suggest the importance of selecting a specific AM fungal strain suited for a soil type in forest nurseries for the production of high-quality seedlings.
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Botanica Lithuanica, 2015
The algal leaf spot, caused by Cephaleuros virescens Kunze, has been reported in a wide range of ... more The algal leaf spot, caused by Cephaleuros virescens Kunze, has been reported in a wide range of plant species from the tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. Investigations on the presence of algal infection mostly involved wild plants and plantation crops of economic interest. Nevertheless, limited studies have examined cultivated ornamental plants for the presence of C. virescens. During the summer and monsoon seasons of 2011 we examined ten leaves of five plants belonging to 86 ornamental plant taxa in 38 families growing in home gardens in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India for the algal presence. Nine of the 86 plant taxa were found to host the algae C. virescens. Although majority of the investigated species are considered as typical hosts of C. vi-rescens, its infection was found only in nine plant species. Although the incidence of the algal leaf spot disease was in general low, there was significant variation in the frequency of occurrence of the algal lesions and the lesion...
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Webbia, 2015
ABSTRACT A new species, Malaxis nilgiriensis, is described and illustrated based on the material ... more ABSTRACT A new species, Malaxis nilgiriensis, is described and illustrated based on the material collected from the Nilgiris of Western Ghats, southern India. It superficially resembles Malaxis versicolor but differs by the presence of a pseudobulb and stolon, a short inflorescence, and a lip slightly bilobed with four retuse teeth. The taxonomic phenology of the new species as well as its etymology, conservation status, and diagnostic features are discussed.
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Journal of Botany, 2014
Investigations on the prevalence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) ... more Investigations on the prevalence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) fungal symbioses are limited for plants growing in tropical aquatic and wetland habitats compared to those growing on terrestrial moist or dry habitats. Therefore, we assessed the incidence of AM and DSE symbiosis in 8 hydrophytes and 50 wetland plants from four sites in south India. Of the 58 plant species examined, we found AM and DSE fungal symbiosis in 21 and five species, respectively. We reported for the first time AM and DSE fungal symbiosis in seven and five species, respectively. Intermediate-type AM morphology was common, and AM morphology is reported for the first time in 16 plant species. Both AM and DSE fungal colonization varied significantly across plant species and sites. Intact and identifiable AM fungal spores occurred in root zones of nine plant species, but AM fungal species richness was low. Though no clear relationship between AM and DSE fungal colonization was reco...
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Phytomorphology: An International Journal of Plant Morphology
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Microbiological Research In Agroecosystem Management, 2013
ABSTRACT
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1. A 10-week experiment was conducted with Ross 308 broiler breeder chickens in cages to evaluate... more 1. A 10-week experiment was conducted with Ross 308 broiler breeder chickens in cages to evaluate the influence of organic and inorganic sources of selenium (Se) supplementation. A total of 600 birds at 29 weeks of age were divided at random into 4 groups and fed on a maize-soya basal diet supplemented with different forms of Se. 2. The first (control) group was given the basal diet without Se supplementation, whereas the second, third and fourth groups were given, respectively, the basal diet with 0.3 mg/kg of inorganic Se in the form of sodium selenite or 0.3 and 0.5 mg/kg of organic Se in the form of Se enriched yeast (Se-yeast). 3. The experiment was carried out for 10 weeks to compare and evaluate the influence of Se supplementation on breeder performance, egg production, hatchability and the quality of eggs. Samples were collected for analysis at weeks 0, 5 and 10 of the experimental period. 4. At the end of the experiment (39 weeks), there was a reduction in mortality in breeders given diets supplemented with 0.5 mg/kg of Se-yeast. Supplementation of feed with 0.5 mg/kg organic Se increased egg production, percentage of settable eggs and hatchability. 5. Selenium supplementation increased egg weight and specific gravity compared to the control diet. However, no significant variation was found in albumen or yolk protein content at the end of week 10. 6. Selenium accumulation and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity were lower in the egg albumen and yolk of control compared with Se-supplemented treatments. Se accumulation and GSHPx activity were higher in the group given 0.3 mg/kg organic compared to 0.3 mg/kg of inorganic Se. 7. The results favour the use of Se-yeast at the dose of 0.5 mg/kg in broiler breeder diets for better productivity of eggs, settable eggs, hatchability and higher Se accumulation and antioxidant status in eggs.
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ABSTRACT We examined the extent and type of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and dark septate endophyt... more ABSTRACT We examined the extent and type of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) fungal associations in three lycophyte and 44 fern species collected from three different sites in the Kolli Hills, Eastern Ghats, southern India. Of the 47 plant taxa (belonging to 21 families and 33 genera) examined, 46 had AM fungal and 33 had DSE fungal associations. But, fungal structures were absent in the aquatic fern Azolla pinnata (Azollaceae). This is the first report of AM and DSE fungal status for 16 and 28 species, respectively. Among terrestrial lycophytes and ferns, 26 species had dual association of both AM and DSE fungi, whereas 11 species had only AM fungal association. Vittaria elongata from epiphytic habitats had dual association of AM and DSE fungi. Likewise, Cheilanthes tenuifolia (saxicolous or terrestrial), Cheilanthes opposita, Lepisorus nudus, Pyrrosia lanceolata (terrestrial or epiphytic), and Asplenium lanceolatum (saxicolous or epiphytic) examined from different sites or habitats also had dual association of AM and DSE fungi. Seventy two percent of the mycorrhizal lycophytes and ferns had intermediate-type AM and 15 percent had both Paris- and intermediate-types at different sites. Significant variations in AM fungal structures were evident in 16 ferns occurring in two or more sites. Nine AM fungal spore morphotypes belonging to Acaulospora, Funneliformis, Glomus, Gigaspora, and Sclerocystis were found to be associated with lycophytes and ferns.
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Anales de Biología, 2013
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Papers by Muthukumar Thangavelu