A mini-panel of semi-synthetic analogs of the Amaryllidaceae alkaloid lycorine was screened for c... more A mini-panel of semi-synthetic analogs of the Amaryllidaceae alkaloid lycorine was screened for cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibitory activity, the most potent of which exhibited inhibition as low as 0.21 microM. Elements of this novel pharmacophore unravelled include bulky lipophilic substitution at C2 in conjunction with a small hydrogen bond donor/acceptor at C1, or bulky electron-rich substitution at C1 in conjunction with a vicinal hydrogen bond donor/acceptor.
The state of Punjab (India) is divided into six agro-climatic zones, viz, sub-mountainous undulat... more The state of Punjab (India) is divided into six agro-climatic zones, viz, sub-mountainous undulating zone, undulating zone, undulating plain zone, central plain zone, western zone and flood plain zone. Because of the associated vast changes in agro-climatic conditions, the distribution of energy consumption for crop production has not been uniform. For this study, the state was divided into four farming
Various strategies have been studied to reduce the discomfort of rocuronium pain. These studies h... more Various strategies have been studied to reduce the discomfort of rocuronium pain. These studies have shown fentanyl and lidocaine to be effective in reducing the incidence of pain on rocuronium injection. This prospective, randomized, and double-blind study was carried out on 80 neurosurgical patients for whom pain on rocuronium injection was assessed after pretreatment with lidocaine, fentanyl, sufentanil, or normal saline. The 80 neurosurgical patients were randomly allocated to anyone of the groups to receive lidocaine, fentanyl, sufentanil, or normal saline prior to being given rocuronium. The patients were asked about any discomfort in the hand, and also to rank that discomfort on a 5-point scale. In the normal saline group, the incidence of pain was 95%, of which 90% had very severe pain. In the lidocaine group, only 10% of patients reported pain, which was mild in nature. In the fentanyl group, 95% of patients had pain, of whom 25% had severe to very severe pain. In the sufentanil group, 85% of patients reported pain, of whom 25% fell into the severe to very severe group. We found that lidocaine was best at decreasing the incidence of pain on intravenous (i.v.) injection of rocuronium. Although the incidence of pain on injection of rocuronium with both fentanyl and sufentanil was high, the intensity was definitely reduced, with most patients falling in the mild pain group.
ABSTRACT The mass spectra of two isomeric methoxyfuranocoumarins have been investigated using ele... more ABSTRACT The mass spectra of two isomeric methoxyfuranocoumarins have been investigated using electron-impact ionisation. Unambiguous distinction between the two isomers is possible through a combination of conventional mass spectra with collision-induced dissociations of the molecular ions and of selected fragment ions. The fragmentation mechanisms of these and related molecular systems were investigated in an attempt to identify the fate of each oxygen atom under electron-impact conditions. To this end, 2-pyrone, benzpyrone (coumarin), benzofuran, and some of its structural isomers were synthesised and studied via metastable spectra, collisionally activated spectra, appearance potentials, and kinetic energy release. Only partial success was achieved in this investigation, but it was possible to write a mechanistic scheme consistent with the present findings and literature data. If valid, this scheme permits identification of two of the four oxygen atoms in the methoxyfuranocoumarins.
GaAs has been grown on Ge substrate oriented 6° off towards (110) by atmospheric pressure MOVPE. ... more GaAs has been grown on Ge substrate oriented 6° off towards (110) by atmospheric pressure MOVPE. Various growth rates and growth temperatures were tried to get device quality epitaxial layers suitable for solar cell applications. It was observed that the growth temperatures and the growth rates affect the surface morphology, optical and interface properties and crystalline quality of the epitaxial
The authors demonstrate that several optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensors can be multiplexed in seri... more The authors demonstrate that several optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensors can be multiplexed in series for axial strain monitoring at each individual sensor. White light interferometry was employed using the laser-referenced Michelson interferometer of a standard Fourier transform spectrometer as a receiving (interrogating) interferometer. The primary aim was to demonstrate that at least six fiber Fabry-Perot transducer interferometers (sensors) can be multiplexed in series provided that each sensor has a unique optical cavity length within the multiplex. The resulting differing optical path differences at each fiber Fabry-Perot sensor give rise to sharp correlation features (side-bursts) at unique positions in the time domain as observed in the interferogram. An optical cavity length change due to an axial strain perturbation is observed as a change in the position in the time-domain of the side-burst feature associated with the fiber Fabry-Perot sensor. This paper demonstrates that multiplexed strain metrology in the quasi-static regime using fiber Fabry-Perot sensors is possible with a measurement range of typically 0 to 4000 microstrain and a strain resolution of better than 10 microstrain.
B cell lineage-specific activator protein (BSAP), encoded by the Pax 5 gene, is a critical modula... more B cell lineage-specific activator protein (BSAP), encoded by the Pax 5 gene, is a critical modulator of early B cell differentiation. Binding sites for BSAP have been identified in the promoters of multiple genes as well as at multiple sites within the IgH locus. While in vivo target sites critical for early B cell differentiation have not yet been identified, candidate sites include a 3 IgH enhancer that is active early in B cell development. BSAP may play an additional role later in development, such as in the regulation of isotype class switching.
The growth hormone (GH) receptor is essential for the actions of GH on postnatal growth and metab... more The growth hormone (GH) receptor is essential for the actions of GH on postnatal growth and metabolism. To identify DNA sequences involved in the regulation of transcription of the murine GH receptor gene, a 17-kilobase genomic clone containing the 5'-flanking region, exon 1, and part of intron 1 of the murine GH receptor gene was isolated. Utilizing primer extension and ribonuclease protection assays, two major transcription start sites were identified in RNA from liver of male, female, and pregnant mice. Transient transfection studies using a reporter gene demonstrated promoter activity in a variety of eukaryotic cells. Deletional analysis and DNA-protein binding assays led to the identification of a 30-base pair enhancer element located about 3.4 kilobases upstream of the transcription start sites. Computer analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the enhancer element did not reveal any potential DNA binding motifs for known transcription factors, and this DNA element failed to exhibit binding activity for some common transcription factors. Analysis of both functional activity and DNA-protein binding activity of this enhancer element in adult and fetal hepatocytes suggests that this DNA element may play a role in the developmental expression of the GH receptor gene.
A mini-panel of semi-synthetic analogs of the Amaryllidaceae alkaloid lycorine was screened for c... more A mini-panel of semi-synthetic analogs of the Amaryllidaceae alkaloid lycorine was screened for cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibitory activity, the most potent of which exhibited inhibition as low as 0.21 microM. Elements of this novel pharmacophore unravelled include bulky lipophilic substitution at C2 in conjunction with a small hydrogen bond donor/acceptor at C1, or bulky electron-rich substitution at C1 in conjunction with a vicinal hydrogen bond donor/acceptor.
The state of Punjab (India) is divided into six agro-climatic zones, viz, sub-mountainous undulat... more The state of Punjab (India) is divided into six agro-climatic zones, viz, sub-mountainous undulating zone, undulating zone, undulating plain zone, central plain zone, western zone and flood plain zone. Because of the associated vast changes in agro-climatic conditions, the distribution of energy consumption for crop production has not been uniform. For this study, the state was divided into four farming
Various strategies have been studied to reduce the discomfort of rocuronium pain. These studies h... more Various strategies have been studied to reduce the discomfort of rocuronium pain. These studies have shown fentanyl and lidocaine to be effective in reducing the incidence of pain on rocuronium injection. This prospective, randomized, and double-blind study was carried out on 80 neurosurgical patients for whom pain on rocuronium injection was assessed after pretreatment with lidocaine, fentanyl, sufentanil, or normal saline. The 80 neurosurgical patients were randomly allocated to anyone of the groups to receive lidocaine, fentanyl, sufentanil, or normal saline prior to being given rocuronium. The patients were asked about any discomfort in the hand, and also to rank that discomfort on a 5-point scale. In the normal saline group, the incidence of pain was 95%, of which 90% had very severe pain. In the lidocaine group, only 10% of patients reported pain, which was mild in nature. In the fentanyl group, 95% of patients had pain, of whom 25% had severe to very severe pain. In the sufentanil group, 85% of patients reported pain, of whom 25% fell into the severe to very severe group. We found that lidocaine was best at decreasing the incidence of pain on intravenous (i.v.) injection of rocuronium. Although the incidence of pain on injection of rocuronium with both fentanyl and sufentanil was high, the intensity was definitely reduced, with most patients falling in the mild pain group.
ABSTRACT The mass spectra of two isomeric methoxyfuranocoumarins have been investigated using ele... more ABSTRACT The mass spectra of two isomeric methoxyfuranocoumarins have been investigated using electron-impact ionisation. Unambiguous distinction between the two isomers is possible through a combination of conventional mass spectra with collision-induced dissociations of the molecular ions and of selected fragment ions. The fragmentation mechanisms of these and related molecular systems were investigated in an attempt to identify the fate of each oxygen atom under electron-impact conditions. To this end, 2-pyrone, benzpyrone (coumarin), benzofuran, and some of its structural isomers were synthesised and studied via metastable spectra, collisionally activated spectra, appearance potentials, and kinetic energy release. Only partial success was achieved in this investigation, but it was possible to write a mechanistic scheme consistent with the present findings and literature data. If valid, this scheme permits identification of two of the four oxygen atoms in the methoxyfuranocoumarins.
GaAs has been grown on Ge substrate oriented 6° off towards (110) by atmospheric pressure MOVPE. ... more GaAs has been grown on Ge substrate oriented 6° off towards (110) by atmospheric pressure MOVPE. Various growth rates and growth temperatures were tried to get device quality epitaxial layers suitable for solar cell applications. It was observed that the growth temperatures and the growth rates affect the surface morphology, optical and interface properties and crystalline quality of the epitaxial
The authors demonstrate that several optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensors can be multiplexed in seri... more The authors demonstrate that several optical fiber Fabry-Perot sensors can be multiplexed in series for axial strain monitoring at each individual sensor. White light interferometry was employed using the laser-referenced Michelson interferometer of a standard Fourier transform spectrometer as a receiving (interrogating) interferometer. The primary aim was to demonstrate that at least six fiber Fabry-Perot transducer interferometers (sensors) can be multiplexed in series provided that each sensor has a unique optical cavity length within the multiplex. The resulting differing optical path differences at each fiber Fabry-Perot sensor give rise to sharp correlation features (side-bursts) at unique positions in the time domain as observed in the interferogram. An optical cavity length change due to an axial strain perturbation is observed as a change in the position in the time-domain of the side-burst feature associated with the fiber Fabry-Perot sensor. This paper demonstrates that multiplexed strain metrology in the quasi-static regime using fiber Fabry-Perot sensors is possible with a measurement range of typically 0 to 4000 microstrain and a strain resolution of better than 10 microstrain.
B cell lineage-specific activator protein (BSAP), encoded by the Pax 5 gene, is a critical modula... more B cell lineage-specific activator protein (BSAP), encoded by the Pax 5 gene, is a critical modulator of early B cell differentiation. Binding sites for BSAP have been identified in the promoters of multiple genes as well as at multiple sites within the IgH locus. While in vivo target sites critical for early B cell differentiation have not yet been identified, candidate sites include a 3 IgH enhancer that is active early in B cell development. BSAP may play an additional role later in development, such as in the regulation of isotype class switching.
The growth hormone (GH) receptor is essential for the actions of GH on postnatal growth and metab... more The growth hormone (GH) receptor is essential for the actions of GH on postnatal growth and metabolism. To identify DNA sequences involved in the regulation of transcription of the murine GH receptor gene, a 17-kilobase genomic clone containing the 5'-flanking region, exon 1, and part of intron 1 of the murine GH receptor gene was isolated. Utilizing primer extension and ribonuclease protection assays, two major transcription start sites were identified in RNA from liver of male, female, and pregnant mice. Transient transfection studies using a reporter gene demonstrated promoter activity in a variety of eukaryotic cells. Deletional analysis and DNA-protein binding assays led to the identification of a 30-base pair enhancer element located about 3.4 kilobases upstream of the transcription start sites. Computer analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the enhancer element did not reveal any potential DNA binding motifs for known transcription factors, and this DNA element failed to exhibit binding activity for some common transcription factors. Analysis of both functional activity and DNA-protein binding activity of this enhancer element in adult and fetal hepatocytes suggests that this DNA element may play a role in the developmental expression of the GH receptor gene.
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Papers by Mandeep Singh