Summary The use of fertilizers in balanced and adequate amounts is a prerequisite for increasing ... more Summary The use of fertilizers in balanced and adequate amounts is a prerequisite for increasing crop productivity and production. Unbalanced plant nutrient management continues to be a major factor contributing to low maize (Zea mays L.) yields due to lack of information on the dose–responses to macronutrients on different soil types in Ethiopia. This study was carried out to quantify maize yield response and agronomic efficiency of varying application rates of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and sulphur (S) under balanced application of other nutrients across two soil types in Ethiopia. Field trials were set up on 29 farmers’ fields in four districts of Oromia and Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNPR) for three consecutive cropping seasons (2014–2017). The treatments consisted of six rates of N, P and S each and eight rates of K combined with balanced application of the remaining macronutrients, zinc (Zn) and boron (B). The treatments were laid out...
This experiment was conducted at Hawassa, southern Ethiopia, during 2017/2018 to evaluate perform... more This experiment was conducted at Hawassa, southern Ethiopia, during 2017/2018 to evaluate performance of roselle yield and yield components under intercropping system with different common bean planting densities. It was arranged in a 2x4 factorial in RCBD design and consisted of three replications and 11 treatments (sole cropping of two roselle varieties (WG-Hibiscus-Sudan and WGHibiscus-Jamaica) and a common bean variety (Ibbado) and four common bean planting densities combinations (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) with each roselle varieties. Yield and yield components data were collected and subjected to analysis of variance using SAS software version 9.3. Differences between means were assessed using Duncan`s Multiple Range Test at 5% probability level. Analysis of variance showed that the main factors interactions were nonsignificant in all parameters evaluated. Significant variations were recorded between two roselle varieties in all parameters evaluated. WGHibiscus-Jamaica was super...
Field experiment was conducted in the consecutive two cropping seasons (2011-2012 and 2012-2013) ... more Field experiment was conducted in the consecutive two cropping seasons (2011-2012 and 2012-2013) to investigate Haricot Bean based farming system by inclusion of Stevia. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with five replications. The results showed that the yields of haricot bean were not significantly decreased with the increase of stevia population. Sole planting of stevia was superior to other intercropped treatments and produced 20035.3 kgha -1 , 41859 kgha -1 and 30947 kgha -1 above ground biomass yield (total of three harvesting cycle), 12439.47 kgha -1 , 26296.2kgha -1 and 19367.8 kgha -1 leaf fresh weight (total of the three harvesting cycle) and 3450.71kgha -1 , 7570.3kgha -1 and 5510.5kgha -1 leaf dry weight (total of the three harvesting cycle) in the consecutive two cropping season and the pooled mean respectively. The LER and MAI indicating the practice of intercropping of haricot bean with stevia was more advantageous than the conventional m...
Spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) is perennial aromatic plant and productive up to 15 years, primaril... more Spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) is perennial aromatic plant and productive up to 15 years, primarily cultivated mainly for its aromatic oil. A field study was conducted to determine optimum nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rate for some selected agronomic characteristics, essential oil yield and oil content of spearmint at Koka substation in 2014/2015 cropping season. Four nitrogen levels (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg N ha -1 ) and four phosphorus levels (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg P ha -1 ) were used as treatments and laid out in factorial RCBD with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed that, leaf fresh, stem fresh and leaf dry weights of spearmint were not affected significantly (P > 0.05) by the main effect of applied rates of inorganic N fertilizer as well as its interaction effect. Pooled mean analysis result showed that, above ground biomass and essential oil yield were significantly (p>0.05) influenced by different level of nitrogen, phosphorus and their interaction. The co...
Nitrogen and Phosphorous were believed to be important nutrient for the production of sweet basil... more Nitrogen and Phosphorous were believed to be important nutrient for the production of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) with desirable essential oil yield, essential oil content and acceptable herbage yields. The experiment was carried out for three (2018-2020) consecutive seasons, at Wondo gent agricultural research center. This study was conducted to determine the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer on essential oil yield, essential oil content, and herbage yields of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). The treatments were using N (0, 23, 46, and 69 kg ha-1) and P (0, 10, 20, and 30 kg ha-1) in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) a factorial with three replications. The results indicated that the maximum essential oil yield (202.7 kg ha-1), essential oil content (0.53%), and herbage yields (47.0 tone ha-1) were obtained from application of 69 kg ha-1 of N and 20 kg ha-1 P fertilizers. However, the minimum essential oil yield, essential oil content, and herbage yields w...
Field experiment was conducted at Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center and Koka substation in... more Field experiment was conducted at Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center and Koka substation in 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 cropping season in order to identify economically optimum nitrogen and phosphorus rates for some selected agronomic characteristics, essential oil yield and oil content of sage. Four nitrogen levels (0, 46, 92 and 138 kg N ha -1 ) and four phosphorus levels (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg P ha -1 ) would be laid out in factorial RCBD with three replications. At both testing sites, results revealed that plant height, leaf and stem fresh and dry weight, above ground fresh biomass, essential oil yield were significantly affected by separate effect of nitrogen and phosphorus rates. At koka, essential oil content, on the other hand, was significantly affected by nitrogen and phosphorus while didn’t show any significant variation at Wondo Genet. At both testing sites, the interaction effect didn’t show any significant effect in all collected parameters. At Wondo Genet, applicatio...
A field experiment was conducted at wondo genet Agriculture research center under irrigated condi... more A field experiment was conducted at wondo genet Agriculture research center under irrigated condition to diversify onion based farming system by inclusion of rosemary for additional cash generation and to determine optimum percentage of rosemary in onion-rosemary based farming system during the two successive seasons of 2014 and 2015. The experiment comprised of six treatments in additive series: sole onion (250000 plants ha1 ), sole rosemary (83333 plants ha1 ) and 4 onion-rosemary intercropping mixproportion: 100 onion:80 rosemary, 100 onion:60 rosemary, 100 onion:40 rosemary and 100 onion:20 rosemary, using randomized complete block design with four replications. Analysis of variance revealed that; intercropping of onion with different population densities of rosemary might affect fresh and dry bulb yield; highest bulb fresh yield and dry bulb yield were recorded at solitary cropping than that of intercropped. Regardless of mix proportion, highest (10973 kg/ha) and lowest (7839kg...
Field experiment was conducted in 2011 up to 2013 cropping season to investigate maize based farm... more Field experiment was conducted in 2011 up to 2013 cropping season to investigate maize based farming system by inclusion of spearmint. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with four replications. The result showed that sole planting of spearmint gave significantly higher essential oil yield, leaf fresh weight, above ground biomass than planting as intercropped with maize. However, intercropping didn't show significant variation on plant height, shelling percentage and grain yield of the main crop. Land equivalent ratio (LER) indicated yield advantages for all intercrop combinations, especially at 42cm inter row spacing of spearmint intercropped with maize followed by 36cm inter row spacing of spearmint intercropped with maize. Similarly, Maize intercrop with spearmint at 42cm inter row spacing of spearmint gave higher monetary advantage index (41747) followed by 36cm inter row spacing of spearmint intercropped with maize (37496) than planted at sole. T...
Wondo Genet area, which is located in Sidama zone of south Ethiopia, is characterized by rapidly ... more Wondo Genet area, which is located in Sidama zone of south Ethiopia, is characterized by rapidly increasing human population and scarcity of arable land per household. There is a need for developing an efficient cropping system in order to use the limited land efficiently and to enhance food security. An experiment was, therefore, conducted at Wondo Genet agricultural research center experimental farm to determine the optimum proportion and spatial arrangement of haricot bean under staggered intercropping with maize and assess the biological efficiency and economic return. The trial was a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement in RCBD design consisting of ten treatments: two haricot bean spatial arrangements (single and double row) and four haricot bean densities (250000, 187500, 125000 & 62500 plants ha -1 ). The analysis of variance indicated that cropping system revealed significant effect on yield and yield components of maize where significant reduction was found under intercropped plots....
The study was carried out to determine the influence of organic and inorganic fertilizers on maiz... more The study was carried out to determine the influence of organic and inorganic fertilizers on maize yield and soil fertility; to determine economically optimum organic and inorganic fertilizer combinations for maize production. The study was performed in a randomized complete block design consisting of 10 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were: Control, 100% of R-NP (138 N and 92 P), 100% of vermicompost,100% of conventional compost, 25% R-NP +75% of vermicompost, 50% of R-NP + 50% of vermicompost, 75% of R-NP+25% of from vermicompost, 25% of R-NP +75% of conventional compost, 50% of R-NP+50% of conventional-compost, 75% of R-NP +25% of conventional-compost. All rates of vermicompost and conventional compost were applied based on N equivalence. Results indicate that applications of inorganic fertilizers with a combination of organic source fertilizers were increases maize yield and yield components and improves the nutrient status of the soil. The highest maize grain yiel...
Lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus L.) is one of the most widely grown and essential oil bring plant... more Lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus L.) is one of the most widely grown and essential oil bring plant. The field experiment was conducted at central rift valley of Ethiopia (Koka) to find the effects of Nitrogen (at 0, 30,60 and 90 kg ha -1 ) and Phosphorous (at 0,10, 20 and 30 kg ha -1 ) on lemongrass herbage yield, essential oil yield, and essential oil content. Application of nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers were significantly increased crop growth characters such as number of tillers, number of leaf hill, herbage yield, essential oil yield. The results proved interaction effects of application fertilizer were gives a higher yield of lemongrass herbage yields, essential oil yields, number of tiller and leaf per hill compared to 0 kg ha -1 N and P (unfertile plot). The results showed maximum herbage yield (25.9 t ha -1 ) essential oil yields (155.5 kg ha -1 ), a number of tillers per hill (81) and a number of leaf per hill (352) were obtained from the application of 90 N + 20 P2O5...
Field experiment was conducted at Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center and Koka substation in... more Field experiment was conducted at Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center and Koka substation in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 cropping season in order to identify optimum nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rate for some selected agronomic characteristics, essential oil yield and oil content of artemisia. Four nitrogen levels (0, 46, 92 and 138 kg N ha -1 ) and four phosphorus levels (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg P ha -1 ) would be laid out in factorial RCBD with three replications. At koka condition, results revealed that plant height, leaf dry weight and essential oil content were significantly affected by separate effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer. The interaction of 46 kg N ha -1 and 10 kg P ha -1 gave significantly higher above ground biomass, leaf fresh weight and stem fresh weight. Similarly, the maximum essential oil yield was obtained at the interaction of 92 kg N ha -1 and control of P though statistically at par with 46 kg N ha -1 and 10 kg P ha -1 . At Wondo Genet, all the ...
Summary The use of fertilizers in balanced and adequate amounts is a prerequisite for increasing ... more Summary The use of fertilizers in balanced and adequate amounts is a prerequisite for increasing crop productivity and production. Unbalanced plant nutrient management continues to be a major factor contributing to low maize (Zea mays L.) yields due to lack of information on the dose–responses to macronutrients on different soil types in Ethiopia. This study was carried out to quantify maize yield response and agronomic efficiency of varying application rates of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and sulphur (S) under balanced application of other nutrients across two soil types in Ethiopia. Field trials were set up on 29 farmers’ fields in four districts of Oromia and Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNPR) for three consecutive cropping seasons (2014–2017). The treatments consisted of six rates of N, P and S each and eight rates of K combined with balanced application of the remaining macronutrients, zinc (Zn) and boron (B). The treatments were laid out...
This experiment was conducted at Hawassa, southern Ethiopia, during 2017/2018 to evaluate perform... more This experiment was conducted at Hawassa, southern Ethiopia, during 2017/2018 to evaluate performance of roselle yield and yield components under intercropping system with different common bean planting densities. It was arranged in a 2x4 factorial in RCBD design and consisted of three replications and 11 treatments (sole cropping of two roselle varieties (WG-Hibiscus-Sudan and WGHibiscus-Jamaica) and a common bean variety (Ibbado) and four common bean planting densities combinations (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) with each roselle varieties. Yield and yield components data were collected and subjected to analysis of variance using SAS software version 9.3. Differences between means were assessed using Duncan`s Multiple Range Test at 5% probability level. Analysis of variance showed that the main factors interactions were nonsignificant in all parameters evaluated. Significant variations were recorded between two roselle varieties in all parameters evaluated. WGHibiscus-Jamaica was super...
Field experiment was conducted in the consecutive two cropping seasons (2011-2012 and 2012-2013) ... more Field experiment was conducted in the consecutive two cropping seasons (2011-2012 and 2012-2013) to investigate Haricot Bean based farming system by inclusion of Stevia. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with five replications. The results showed that the yields of haricot bean were not significantly decreased with the increase of stevia population. Sole planting of stevia was superior to other intercropped treatments and produced 20035.3 kgha -1 , 41859 kgha -1 and 30947 kgha -1 above ground biomass yield (total of three harvesting cycle), 12439.47 kgha -1 , 26296.2kgha -1 and 19367.8 kgha -1 leaf fresh weight (total of the three harvesting cycle) and 3450.71kgha -1 , 7570.3kgha -1 and 5510.5kgha -1 leaf dry weight (total of the three harvesting cycle) in the consecutive two cropping season and the pooled mean respectively. The LER and MAI indicating the practice of intercropping of haricot bean with stevia was more advantageous than the conventional m...
Spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) is perennial aromatic plant and productive up to 15 years, primaril... more Spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) is perennial aromatic plant and productive up to 15 years, primarily cultivated mainly for its aromatic oil. A field study was conducted to determine optimum nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rate for some selected agronomic characteristics, essential oil yield and oil content of spearmint at Koka substation in 2014/2015 cropping season. Four nitrogen levels (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg N ha -1 ) and four phosphorus levels (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg P ha -1 ) were used as treatments and laid out in factorial RCBD with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed that, leaf fresh, stem fresh and leaf dry weights of spearmint were not affected significantly (P > 0.05) by the main effect of applied rates of inorganic N fertilizer as well as its interaction effect. Pooled mean analysis result showed that, above ground biomass and essential oil yield were significantly (p>0.05) influenced by different level of nitrogen, phosphorus and their interaction. The co...
Nitrogen and Phosphorous were believed to be important nutrient for the production of sweet basil... more Nitrogen and Phosphorous were believed to be important nutrient for the production of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) with desirable essential oil yield, essential oil content and acceptable herbage yields. The experiment was carried out for three (2018-2020) consecutive seasons, at Wondo gent agricultural research center. This study was conducted to determine the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer on essential oil yield, essential oil content, and herbage yields of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). The treatments were using N (0, 23, 46, and 69 kg ha-1) and P (0, 10, 20, and 30 kg ha-1) in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) a factorial with three replications. The results indicated that the maximum essential oil yield (202.7 kg ha-1), essential oil content (0.53%), and herbage yields (47.0 tone ha-1) were obtained from application of 69 kg ha-1 of N and 20 kg ha-1 P fertilizers. However, the minimum essential oil yield, essential oil content, and herbage yields w...
Field experiment was conducted at Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center and Koka substation in... more Field experiment was conducted at Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center and Koka substation in 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 cropping season in order to identify economically optimum nitrogen and phosphorus rates for some selected agronomic characteristics, essential oil yield and oil content of sage. Four nitrogen levels (0, 46, 92 and 138 kg N ha -1 ) and four phosphorus levels (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg P ha -1 ) would be laid out in factorial RCBD with three replications. At both testing sites, results revealed that plant height, leaf and stem fresh and dry weight, above ground fresh biomass, essential oil yield were significantly affected by separate effect of nitrogen and phosphorus rates. At koka, essential oil content, on the other hand, was significantly affected by nitrogen and phosphorus while didn’t show any significant variation at Wondo Genet. At both testing sites, the interaction effect didn’t show any significant effect in all collected parameters. At Wondo Genet, applicatio...
A field experiment was conducted at wondo genet Agriculture research center under irrigated condi... more A field experiment was conducted at wondo genet Agriculture research center under irrigated condition to diversify onion based farming system by inclusion of rosemary for additional cash generation and to determine optimum percentage of rosemary in onion-rosemary based farming system during the two successive seasons of 2014 and 2015. The experiment comprised of six treatments in additive series: sole onion (250000 plants ha1 ), sole rosemary (83333 plants ha1 ) and 4 onion-rosemary intercropping mixproportion: 100 onion:80 rosemary, 100 onion:60 rosemary, 100 onion:40 rosemary and 100 onion:20 rosemary, using randomized complete block design with four replications. Analysis of variance revealed that; intercropping of onion with different population densities of rosemary might affect fresh and dry bulb yield; highest bulb fresh yield and dry bulb yield were recorded at solitary cropping than that of intercropped. Regardless of mix proportion, highest (10973 kg/ha) and lowest (7839kg...
Field experiment was conducted in 2011 up to 2013 cropping season to investigate maize based farm... more Field experiment was conducted in 2011 up to 2013 cropping season to investigate maize based farming system by inclusion of spearmint. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with four replications. The result showed that sole planting of spearmint gave significantly higher essential oil yield, leaf fresh weight, above ground biomass than planting as intercropped with maize. However, intercropping didn't show significant variation on plant height, shelling percentage and grain yield of the main crop. Land equivalent ratio (LER) indicated yield advantages for all intercrop combinations, especially at 42cm inter row spacing of spearmint intercropped with maize followed by 36cm inter row spacing of spearmint intercropped with maize. Similarly, Maize intercrop with spearmint at 42cm inter row spacing of spearmint gave higher monetary advantage index (41747) followed by 36cm inter row spacing of spearmint intercropped with maize (37496) than planted at sole. T...
Wondo Genet area, which is located in Sidama zone of south Ethiopia, is characterized by rapidly ... more Wondo Genet area, which is located in Sidama zone of south Ethiopia, is characterized by rapidly increasing human population and scarcity of arable land per household. There is a need for developing an efficient cropping system in order to use the limited land efficiently and to enhance food security. An experiment was, therefore, conducted at Wondo Genet agricultural research center experimental farm to determine the optimum proportion and spatial arrangement of haricot bean under staggered intercropping with maize and assess the biological efficiency and economic return. The trial was a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement in RCBD design consisting of ten treatments: two haricot bean spatial arrangements (single and double row) and four haricot bean densities (250000, 187500, 125000 & 62500 plants ha -1 ). The analysis of variance indicated that cropping system revealed significant effect on yield and yield components of maize where significant reduction was found under intercropped plots....
The study was carried out to determine the influence of organic and inorganic fertilizers on maiz... more The study was carried out to determine the influence of organic and inorganic fertilizers on maize yield and soil fertility; to determine economically optimum organic and inorganic fertilizer combinations for maize production. The study was performed in a randomized complete block design consisting of 10 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were: Control, 100% of R-NP (138 N and 92 P), 100% of vermicompost,100% of conventional compost, 25% R-NP +75% of vermicompost, 50% of R-NP + 50% of vermicompost, 75% of R-NP+25% of from vermicompost, 25% of R-NP +75% of conventional compost, 50% of R-NP+50% of conventional-compost, 75% of R-NP +25% of conventional-compost. All rates of vermicompost and conventional compost were applied based on N equivalence. Results indicate that applications of inorganic fertilizers with a combination of organic source fertilizers were increases maize yield and yield components and improves the nutrient status of the soil. The highest maize grain yiel...
Lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus L.) is one of the most widely grown and essential oil bring plant... more Lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus L.) is one of the most widely grown and essential oil bring plant. The field experiment was conducted at central rift valley of Ethiopia (Koka) to find the effects of Nitrogen (at 0, 30,60 and 90 kg ha -1 ) and Phosphorous (at 0,10, 20 and 30 kg ha -1 ) on lemongrass herbage yield, essential oil yield, and essential oil content. Application of nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers were significantly increased crop growth characters such as number of tillers, number of leaf hill, herbage yield, essential oil yield. The results proved interaction effects of application fertilizer were gives a higher yield of lemongrass herbage yields, essential oil yields, number of tiller and leaf per hill compared to 0 kg ha -1 N and P (unfertile plot). The results showed maximum herbage yield (25.9 t ha -1 ) essential oil yields (155.5 kg ha -1 ), a number of tillers per hill (81) and a number of leaf per hill (352) were obtained from the application of 90 N + 20 P2O5...
Field experiment was conducted at Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center and Koka substation in... more Field experiment was conducted at Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center and Koka substation in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 cropping season in order to identify optimum nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rate for some selected agronomic characteristics, essential oil yield and oil content of artemisia. Four nitrogen levels (0, 46, 92 and 138 kg N ha -1 ) and four phosphorus levels (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg P ha -1 ) would be laid out in factorial RCBD with three replications. At koka condition, results revealed that plant height, leaf dry weight and essential oil content were significantly affected by separate effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer. The interaction of 46 kg N ha -1 and 10 kg P ha -1 gave significantly higher above ground biomass, leaf fresh weight and stem fresh weight. Similarly, the maximum essential oil yield was obtained at the interaction of 92 kg N ha -1 and control of P though statistically at par with 46 kg N ha -1 and 10 kg P ha -1 . At Wondo Genet, all the ...
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