Trained immunity is the capacity of innate immune cells to produce an improved response against a... more Trained immunity is the capacity of innate immune cells to produce an improved response against a secondary infection after a previous unrelated infection. Salmonellosis represents a public health issue and affects the pig farming industry. In general, vaccination against salmonellosis is still facing problems regarding the control of distinct serovars. Therefore, we hypothesized that an immunostimulant based on heat inactivated Mycobacterium bovis (HIMB) could have an immune training effect in pigs challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis (S. Choleraesuis) and decided to explore the amplitude of this non-specific immune response. For this purpose, twenty-four 10 days-old female piglets were randomly separated in three groups: immunized group (n = 10) received orally two doses of HIMB prior to the intratracheal S. Choleraesuis-challenge, positive control group (n = 9) that was only challenged with S. Choleraesuis, and negative control group (n = 5) that was neither i...
2017 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS), 2017
Beamforming is a technique used in hearing aids to improve the intelligibility of target sound by... more Beamforming is a technique used in hearing aids to improve the intelligibility of target sound by reducing the interference from other directions. An efficient ASIC implementation of a two omnidirectional microphone array based adaptive beamforming algorithm is presented in this paper with various optimisations proposed at different stages of the hardware design. The beamform patterns and improvements in SNR values obtained from experiments conducted in a conference room environment were analysed to verify the working of the design. The architecture was implemented with 0.18 μm standard cell libraries. Cell area and power reports were analysed for different optimisations. The final area and power obtained are 0.054 mm2 and 60.54 μW respectively.
Here our aim is to reduce the conventional diesel usage by neem oil biodiesel. The vegetable oil ... more Here our aim is to reduce the conventional diesel usage by neem oil biodiesel. The vegetable oil cannot directly be applied on diesel engine because of higher viscosity, flash point and fire point. So it should be converted into biodiesel first. This paper involves the production of biodiesel from neem oil by transesterification process and its load test. Before load test we determined the flash point and fire point of neem biodiesel. The load test was done on single cylinder 4 stroke diesel engine. After the performance curves were plotted.
Test agreement results - Kappa (κ) values with 95% confidence intervals (CI95) between the evalua... more Test agreement results - Kappa (κ) values with 95% confidence intervals (CI95) between the evaluated assays in M. bovis-infected deer. (DOCX 16 kb)
Correlations between the IFNγ responses (optical density) of whole-blood stimulated with a mitoge... more Correlations between the IFNγ responses (optical density) of whole-blood stimulated with a mitogen (PWM), not stimulated (PBS) and with mycobacterial antigens from M. bovis-infected deer. (DOCX 15 kb)
Individual optical densities at 450 nm reflecting IFNγ responses in plasma of M. bovis-infected r... more Individual optical densities at 450 nm reflecting IFNγ responses in plasma of M. bovis-infected red deer from heparinized blood stimulated with Pokeweed mitogen (PWM), negative control (phosphate-buffered saline, PBS), bovine and avian purified protein derivatives (PPD), p22, early secretory antigenic target-6 kDa and culture filtrate protein 10 (ESAT-6/CFP-10), Rv3615c and Rv3020c. (XLS 33 kb)
Individual antibody levels (in ELISA percentage, E%) to bovine purified protein derivative (bPPD)... more Individual antibody levels (in ELISA percentage, E%) to bovine purified protein derivative (bPPD) in red deer immediately before and until 60 days post-inoculation of M. bovis. Sera with E% values greater than 100 were considered positive. (XLS 25 kb)
A socio-literary theory achieves coherence by running a complex abstraction of human experiences ... more A socio-literary theory achieves coherence by running a complex abstraction of human experiences through a philosophical prism. Its internal consistency is derived both from the universal legitimacy bestowed by its audience, as well as the mathematical precision of its logic. Critical Theory, with its foundational claims to an emancipatory politics, thus derives part of its legitimacy from its promises of a moral and ethical future. Here, the plurality of experiences disrupts the objective and distanced abstraction with an invested, particular engagement. The context of this paper is provided by a battle over the right to represent/mediate political modernity in Kerala. I focus on two Adivasi self-representations which challenge the identity A Sense of the Self from the Margins: Theorizing Adivasi Experience in Kerala 218 strait-jackets projected on to the Adivasis and attempt to refashion and recreate their identities, politically as well as culturally, on the basis of their lived ...
A ood warning system is a non-structural measure for ood mit- igation. Several parameters are res... more A ood warning system is a non-structural measure for ood mit- igation. Several parameters are responsible for ood related disasters. This work illustrates an ordered intuitionistic fuzzy analysis that has the capability to simulate the unknown relations between a set of meteorological and hydro- logical parameters. In this paper, we rst dene ordered intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets and establish some results on them. Then, we dene similarity mea- sures between ordered intuitionistic fuzzy soft (OIFS) sets and apply these similarity measures to ve selected sites of Kerala, India to predict potential ood.
Abstract The recurrent forest fires have been a serious management concern in southern Western Gh... more Abstract The recurrent forest fires have been a serious management concern in southern Western Ghats, India. This study investigates the applicability of various geospatial data, machine learning techniques (MLTs) and spatial statistical tools to demarcate the forest fire susceptible regions of the forested landscape of the Wayanad district in the southern Western Ghats (Kerala, India). The inventory map of 279 forest fire locations (period = 2001–2018) was developed via Sentinel 2A satellite images, NASA fire archives, and field visits. The forest fire susceptibility modelling involves twelve influencing factors, such as ambient air temperature, wind speed, rainfall, relative humidity, atmospheric water vapor pressure (WVP), elevation, slope angle, topographical wetness index (TWI), slope aspect, land use/land cover (LU/LC), distance from the road and distance from the villages. Considering the varying level of performances (i.e., receiver operating characteristics-area under curve (ROC-AUC) values ranging from 0.869 to 0.924 in the testing phase) of the MLTs, viz., artificial neural network (ANN), generalized linear model (GLM), multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), Naive Bayesian classifier (NBC), K-nearest neighbour (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), gradient boosting machine (GBM), adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) and maximum entropy (MaxEnt), we propose a weighted approach to characterize the forest fire susceptibility of the region using the outputs of the different MLTs. The proposed method demonstrates improvement in accuracy (AUC = 89%) for mapping the forest fire susceptibility of the region compared to the individual MLTs (AUC = 71.5 to 86.9%) while validating with the recent forest fire data (i.e., 2019–2021). This study suggests that roughly one-third of the study area is highly susceptible to the occurrence of forest fires, implying the severity of the disturbance regime. The analysis also indicates the role of anthropogenic factors in the occurrence of forest fires in the region. It is expected that the demarcation and prioritization of the forest fire susceptibility zones in the region, which is a part of one of the global biodiversity hotspots, have significant implications on biodiversity conservation at a regional scale.
Animal tuberculosis (TB) is a multi-host disease caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculo... more Animal tuberculosis (TB) is a multi-host disease caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC). Due to its impact on economy, sanitary standards of milk and meat industry, public health and conservation, TB control is an actively ongoing research subject. Several wildlife species are involved in the maintenance and transmission of TB, so that new approaches to wildlife TB diagnosis have gained relevance in recent years. Diagnosis is a paramount step for screening, epidemiological investigation, as well as for ensuring the success of control strategies such as vaccination trials. This is the first review that systematically addresses data available for the diagnosis of TB in wildlife following the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The article also gives an overview of the factors related to host, environment, sampling, and diagnostic techniques which can affect test performance. After three screenings, 124 artic...
Trained immunity is the capacity of innate immune cells to produce an improved response against a... more Trained immunity is the capacity of innate immune cells to produce an improved response against a secondary infection after a previous unrelated infection. Salmonellosis represents a public health issue and affects the pig farming industry. In general, vaccination against salmonellosis is still facing problems regarding the control of distinct serovars. Therefore, we hypothesized that an immunostimulant based on heat inactivated Mycobacterium bovis (HIMB) could have an immune training effect in pigs challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis (S. Choleraesuis) and decided to explore the amplitude of this non-specific immune response. For this purpose, twenty-four 10 days-old female piglets were randomly separated in three groups: immunized group (n = 10) received orally two doses of HIMB prior to the intratracheal S. Choleraesuis-challenge, positive control group (n = 9) that was only challenged with S. Choleraesuis, and negative control group (n = 5) that was neither i...
2017 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS), 2017
Beamforming is a technique used in hearing aids to improve the intelligibility of target sound by... more Beamforming is a technique used in hearing aids to improve the intelligibility of target sound by reducing the interference from other directions. An efficient ASIC implementation of a two omnidirectional microphone array based adaptive beamforming algorithm is presented in this paper with various optimisations proposed at different stages of the hardware design. The beamform patterns and improvements in SNR values obtained from experiments conducted in a conference room environment were analysed to verify the working of the design. The architecture was implemented with 0.18 μm standard cell libraries. Cell area and power reports were analysed for different optimisations. The final area and power obtained are 0.054 mm2 and 60.54 μW respectively.
Here our aim is to reduce the conventional diesel usage by neem oil biodiesel. The vegetable oil ... more Here our aim is to reduce the conventional diesel usage by neem oil biodiesel. The vegetable oil cannot directly be applied on diesel engine because of higher viscosity, flash point and fire point. So it should be converted into biodiesel first. This paper involves the production of biodiesel from neem oil by transesterification process and its load test. Before load test we determined the flash point and fire point of neem biodiesel. The load test was done on single cylinder 4 stroke diesel engine. After the performance curves were plotted.
Test agreement results - Kappa (κ) values with 95% confidence intervals (CI95) between the evalua... more Test agreement results - Kappa (κ) values with 95% confidence intervals (CI95) between the evaluated assays in M. bovis-infected deer. (DOCX 16 kb)
Correlations between the IFNγ responses (optical density) of whole-blood stimulated with a mitoge... more Correlations between the IFNγ responses (optical density) of whole-blood stimulated with a mitogen (PWM), not stimulated (PBS) and with mycobacterial antigens from M. bovis-infected deer. (DOCX 15 kb)
Individual optical densities at 450 nm reflecting IFNγ responses in plasma of M. bovis-infected r... more Individual optical densities at 450 nm reflecting IFNγ responses in plasma of M. bovis-infected red deer from heparinized blood stimulated with Pokeweed mitogen (PWM), negative control (phosphate-buffered saline, PBS), bovine and avian purified protein derivatives (PPD), p22, early secretory antigenic target-6 kDa and culture filtrate protein 10 (ESAT-6/CFP-10), Rv3615c and Rv3020c. (XLS 33 kb)
Individual antibody levels (in ELISA percentage, E%) to bovine purified protein derivative (bPPD)... more Individual antibody levels (in ELISA percentage, E%) to bovine purified protein derivative (bPPD) in red deer immediately before and until 60 days post-inoculation of M. bovis. Sera with E% values greater than 100 were considered positive. (XLS 25 kb)
A socio-literary theory achieves coherence by running a complex abstraction of human experiences ... more A socio-literary theory achieves coherence by running a complex abstraction of human experiences through a philosophical prism. Its internal consistency is derived both from the universal legitimacy bestowed by its audience, as well as the mathematical precision of its logic. Critical Theory, with its foundational claims to an emancipatory politics, thus derives part of its legitimacy from its promises of a moral and ethical future. Here, the plurality of experiences disrupts the objective and distanced abstraction with an invested, particular engagement. The context of this paper is provided by a battle over the right to represent/mediate political modernity in Kerala. I focus on two Adivasi self-representations which challenge the identity A Sense of the Self from the Margins: Theorizing Adivasi Experience in Kerala 218 strait-jackets projected on to the Adivasis and attempt to refashion and recreate their identities, politically as well as culturally, on the basis of their lived ...
A ood warning system is a non-structural measure for ood mit- igation. Several parameters are res... more A ood warning system is a non-structural measure for ood mit- igation. Several parameters are responsible for ood related disasters. This work illustrates an ordered intuitionistic fuzzy analysis that has the capability to simulate the unknown relations between a set of meteorological and hydro- logical parameters. In this paper, we rst dene ordered intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets and establish some results on them. Then, we dene similarity mea- sures between ordered intuitionistic fuzzy soft (OIFS) sets and apply these similarity measures to ve selected sites of Kerala, India to predict potential ood.
Abstract The recurrent forest fires have been a serious management concern in southern Western Gh... more Abstract The recurrent forest fires have been a serious management concern in southern Western Ghats, India. This study investigates the applicability of various geospatial data, machine learning techniques (MLTs) and spatial statistical tools to demarcate the forest fire susceptible regions of the forested landscape of the Wayanad district in the southern Western Ghats (Kerala, India). The inventory map of 279 forest fire locations (period = 2001–2018) was developed via Sentinel 2A satellite images, NASA fire archives, and field visits. The forest fire susceptibility modelling involves twelve influencing factors, such as ambient air temperature, wind speed, rainfall, relative humidity, atmospheric water vapor pressure (WVP), elevation, slope angle, topographical wetness index (TWI), slope aspect, land use/land cover (LU/LC), distance from the road and distance from the villages. Considering the varying level of performances (i.e., receiver operating characteristics-area under curve (ROC-AUC) values ranging from 0.869 to 0.924 in the testing phase) of the MLTs, viz., artificial neural network (ANN), generalized linear model (GLM), multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), Naive Bayesian classifier (NBC), K-nearest neighbour (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), gradient boosting machine (GBM), adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) and maximum entropy (MaxEnt), we propose a weighted approach to characterize the forest fire susceptibility of the region using the outputs of the different MLTs. The proposed method demonstrates improvement in accuracy (AUC = 89%) for mapping the forest fire susceptibility of the region compared to the individual MLTs (AUC = 71.5 to 86.9%) while validating with the recent forest fire data (i.e., 2019–2021). This study suggests that roughly one-third of the study area is highly susceptible to the occurrence of forest fires, implying the severity of the disturbance regime. The analysis also indicates the role of anthropogenic factors in the occurrence of forest fires in the region. It is expected that the demarcation and prioritization of the forest fire susceptibility zones in the region, which is a part of one of the global biodiversity hotspots, have significant implications on biodiversity conservation at a regional scale.
Animal tuberculosis (TB) is a multi-host disease caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculo... more Animal tuberculosis (TB) is a multi-host disease caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC). Due to its impact on economy, sanitary standards of milk and meat industry, public health and conservation, TB control is an actively ongoing research subject. Several wildlife species are involved in the maintenance and transmission of TB, so that new approaches to wildlife TB diagnosis have gained relevance in recent years. Diagnosis is a paramount step for screening, epidemiological investigation, as well as for ensuring the success of control strategies such as vaccination trials. This is the first review that systematically addresses data available for the diagnosis of TB in wildlife following the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The article also gives an overview of the factors related to host, environment, sampling, and diagnostic techniques which can affect test performance. After three screenings, 124 artic...
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