Bu çalışmanın amacı; Antalya ilinde tarımsal amaçlı kooperatiflere ortak olan ve ortak olmayan ür... more Bu çalışmanın amacı; Antalya ilinde tarımsal amaçlı kooperatiflere ortak olan ve ortak olmayan üreticilerin sosyo-ekonomik özelliklerini belirlemek, tarımsal amaçlı kredi kullanım durumlarını, kredi temin ettikleri kaynakları, kredi kullanımında ve geri ödemede karşılaştıkları sorunları araştırmaktır. Çalışmada; Antalya ilinde tarımsal amaçlı kooperatiflere ortak olan ve olmayan 80 üreticiye anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre en çok tercih edilen kredi kaynakları şahıslar ve T.C. Ziraat Bankası’dır. İncelenen işletmelerde üreticilerin kredi kullanma nedenlerinin başında tarımsal girdi temini ve işletme sermayesi eksiğini tamamlama gelmektedir. Üreticilerin T.C. Ziraat Bankası’nı tercih etme nedenleri ise çiftçiye sübvansiyonlu kredi veren tek banka olması ve faiz oranlarının uygun olmasıdır.
One of the most important barriers to agricultural development is the small size of farms in Turk... more One of the most important barriers to agricultural development is the small size of farms in Turkey. Although it is so important, there is limited field works on land market in Turkey. The aim of this study is to examine land market in terms of socioeconomic characteristics of the land buyer and seller in Adana Province of Turkey. The primary data was obtained through questionnaires with people buying or selling land in Karatas District in Adana. A total of 503 farms is registered to FRS in the villages where questionnaires are made. Descriptive statistics, t-test, and chi-square test were used in the study. A summary of some important results is that; the average experience of sellers is two years less than buyers, farmers with relatively higher education level pay more attention to agricultural lands, there are agricultural engineers and veterinarians in 2% of families who sell land and this rate doubles in case of buyers and rate of buyers from nonagricultural sectors is 20% and ...
Turkey has very important potential for rural tourism according to agricultural and geographical ... more Turkey has very important potential for rural tourism according to agricultural and geographical regions. Rural tourism also covers human and environmental resources, and therefore focuses on people and the environment and community development. Rural extension is aimed to raise the living standard of the rural families in all rural areas and there is close relation between rural tourism and rural extension. Rural tourism presents very important opportunities as an alternative income source for the rural family and rural community development. Tourism is recognized as travel that people do out of their regular environment for periods of time less than 12 months, for pleasure, business or other aims. In the paper, it is discussed impacts and roles of rural extension on the development of rural tourism in rural areas, and relations among extension, agriculture, nature, tourism and rural economy and people etc. Especially there is big potential for domestic tourists in the middle perio...
The purpose of extension is to increase the living standard of the farmers and their families in ... more The purpose of extension is to increase the living standard of the farmers and their families in the rural areas. Extension services in Turkey have been implemented mainly by the Ministry of Agriculture since the 1940s and are currently organized by the administrative districts of the Provincial Agricultural Directorates. Agricultural extension approaches in Turkey have been mainly derived from extension applications in different countries and the previous projects of the World Bank and FAO. For that reason Turkey has tremendous experience on the application of agricultural extension approaches from many countries. Agricultural extension activities are implemented by several institutions; each of them has a different legal status. The extension programmes were accepted and implemented using six approaches during different periods in Turkey. During this period the dominant approach was the promotion of technology transfer by the ‘general agricultural extension approach’ until the 199...
The aim of this research is to determine the energy input and output involved in cotton productio... more The aim of this research is to determine the energy input and output involved in cotton production in the Hatay province of Turkey. The average energy consumption of the farms investigated in this study is 19 558 MJha-1. Of the total energy, 2.87% is direct and 71.13% is indirect. Renewable energy accounts for 12.30% and energy usage efficiency is found to be 2.36. The total energy input into the production of one kilogram of average Turkish cotton is estimated to be 4.99 MJ. The dominant contribution to input is energy in the form of nitrogen fertiliser (40.28%), followed by water for irrigation (22.37%) and diesel-oil (17.04%). The cost of cotton production per hectare is found to be 2 246 $ha-1 in the region, with 79.87% of this being variable costs. It can be concluded that intensive cotton farms are being operated in the area since the variable cost ratio is quite high. As a result of benefit-cost ratio (1.24) analysis, cotton production is found to be economically efficient. ...
Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology
Since the national farmers' day on May 12, 2017 in Kaya, Burkina Faso, the debate on agricult... more Since the national farmers' day on May 12, 2017 in Kaya, Burkina Faso, the debate on agriculture has been to establish the agricultural entrepreneurship through the concept of agriculture as a family business (ACEF). And it is from this perspective that this study was conducted to analyse the financing possibilities open to family farming and to deduce the constraints of the transition from family farming to enterprise farming. To do this, we used the exegetical method to characterize the existing agricultural formations, to identify the means of financing and the constraints of the agricultural transition. The agricultural sector is strongly dominated by family farming with low physical and financial capital. The means of financing are self-financing and external financing. However, the transition will not be without problems because there are technical and political constraints to overcome.
Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology
The purposes of this study were to determine the socio-economic characteristics of dairy farmers ... more The purposes of this study were to determine the socio-economic characteristics of dairy farmers in Antalya, in Turkey, calculate the gross income, variable costs and gross margin of dairy farms, determine the probability distributions of consequences for alternative decisions to enable dairy farmers as decision makers to make a good and well-informed choice, to determine cross effects of milk prices variations on the productive strategy of dairy farms. The data were gathered via face to face interviews in Korkuteli, Dosemealtı, Elmalı, Manavgat and Serik counties of Antalya province in Turkey. The survey study was conducted with 80 farmers, who were member of Dairy Cow Breaders Union, in the 2011 production period. In this study, on the basis of previous experience, dairy farmers assigned minimum, maximum and most likely values of milk price and yield over the next period of 5 years. Then, triangular and cumulative distributions were defined by using these values. Moreover, Monte C...
The aim of this study was to discuss the role and importance of education and extension services ... more The aim of this study was to discuss the role and importance of education and extension services to rural women development in farming systems (animal husbandry, dairy and livestock production, protected cultivation irrigated and non-irrigated field crop production, orchard growing etc.) education level, availability of local handcraft activities and job creation possibilities in Turkey. Human resource and its qualifications are very important in terms of reaching the community and economic development. The importance of women in the world in development for more than 30 years has become remarkable. Therefore, all countries including developed and developing countries have conducted some studies oriented to women in the framework of the human resource development. Although women play a major role in food production in many countries of the world, agricultural information is not effectively reaching and benefiting these key persons in the food security chain. There is a recognized need to improve agricultural extension work with rural women. A significant problem is that in many courses of study, in-service training and education in extension methodology there is insufficient examination and discussion of the roles of rural men and women in agricultural production and rural development. Too little time allocated to gender analysis and a participatory approach aimed at solving the problem of how extension work can effectively be carried out with rural women. Although women are one part of the two gender groups in the community, they have less benefit from the resources compared with men particularly in developing countries. Furthermore, indicators of rural women are much lower than women living urban area. This situation is also valid for Turkey. For this reason, extension training for adults in the framework of the adult education has been considered very important area for the people dealing with agricultural production with respect to develop qualifications of population, to provide new skills and to increase their efficiency.
The aim of this paper was to show some empirical evidence of sustainability and risk management i... more The aim of this paper was to show some empirical evidence of sustainability and risk management in banana production in Turkey. The study also included socio-economic characteristics, decision making, financial characteristics, sustainability issues, risk sources and risk management strategies related with banana farms. The main material of the study was obtained from the data collected by survey conducted in three villages in Anamur county of Mersin province. Within the context of the research 89 farmers were interviewed in the 2008 production season. Farmers' perceptions were studied using descriptive statistical analysis. Mean values were obtained in banana farming, and factor analysis was conducted on the data obtained in the questionnaires. In the research it was found that the decision of the farmer overweighs in decision making process for banana production, there is no regular record keeping in almost 90% of the farms and around 70% of the farmers will continue banana pr...
The aim of this study was to determine energy consumption of input and output used in pomegranate... more The aim of this study was to determine energy consumption of input and output used in pomegranate production in Antalya, Turkey. The data for the production of pomegranate were collected from 85 pomegranate farms by using a face-to-face questionnaire method in 2007 production period. In the study, energy values were calculated by multiplying the amount of inputs and outputs by the related energy conversion factors. The results indicated that total energy inputs were 53,764.63 MJ ha -1 . About 40% of this was generated by chemical fertilizers and 37% from chemicals. About 84% of the total energy inputs used was indirect and 89% of the total energy inputs used non-renewable energy in pomegranate production. The net energy and energy productivity values were estimated to be 2275.37 MJ ha -1 and 0.43 respectively, and the ratio of energy outputs to energy inputs was 1.04.
Bu çalışmanın amacı; Antalya ilinde tarımsal amaçlı kooperatiflere ortak olan ve ortak olmayan ür... more Bu çalışmanın amacı; Antalya ilinde tarımsal amaçlı kooperatiflere ortak olan ve ortak olmayan üreticilerin sosyo-ekonomik özelliklerini belirlemek, tarımsal amaçlı kredi kullanım durumlarını, kredi temin ettikleri kaynakları, kredi kullanımında ve geri ödemede karşılaştıkları sorunları araştırmaktır. Çalışmada; Antalya ilinde tarımsal amaçlı kooperatiflere ortak olan ve olmayan 80 üreticiye anket uygulanmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre en çok tercih edilen kredi kaynakları şahıslar ve T.C. Ziraat Bankası’dır. İncelenen işletmelerde üreticilerin kredi kullanma nedenlerinin başında tarımsal girdi temini ve işletme sermayesi eksiğini tamamlama gelmektedir. Üreticilerin T.C. Ziraat Bankası’nı tercih etme nedenleri ise çiftçiye sübvansiyonlu kredi veren tek banka olması ve faiz oranlarının uygun olmasıdır.
One of the most important barriers to agricultural development is the small size of farms in Turk... more One of the most important barriers to agricultural development is the small size of farms in Turkey. Although it is so important, there is limited field works on land market in Turkey. The aim of this study is to examine land market in terms of socioeconomic characteristics of the land buyer and seller in Adana Province of Turkey. The primary data was obtained through questionnaires with people buying or selling land in Karatas District in Adana. A total of 503 farms is registered to FRS in the villages where questionnaires are made. Descriptive statistics, t-test, and chi-square test were used in the study. A summary of some important results is that; the average experience of sellers is two years less than buyers, farmers with relatively higher education level pay more attention to agricultural lands, there are agricultural engineers and veterinarians in 2% of families who sell land and this rate doubles in case of buyers and rate of buyers from nonagricultural sectors is 20% and ...
Turkey has very important potential for rural tourism according to agricultural and geographical ... more Turkey has very important potential for rural tourism according to agricultural and geographical regions. Rural tourism also covers human and environmental resources, and therefore focuses on people and the environment and community development. Rural extension is aimed to raise the living standard of the rural families in all rural areas and there is close relation between rural tourism and rural extension. Rural tourism presents very important opportunities as an alternative income source for the rural family and rural community development. Tourism is recognized as travel that people do out of their regular environment for periods of time less than 12 months, for pleasure, business or other aims. In the paper, it is discussed impacts and roles of rural extension on the development of rural tourism in rural areas, and relations among extension, agriculture, nature, tourism and rural economy and people etc. Especially there is big potential for domestic tourists in the middle perio...
The purpose of extension is to increase the living standard of the farmers and their families in ... more The purpose of extension is to increase the living standard of the farmers and their families in the rural areas. Extension services in Turkey have been implemented mainly by the Ministry of Agriculture since the 1940s and are currently organized by the administrative districts of the Provincial Agricultural Directorates. Agricultural extension approaches in Turkey have been mainly derived from extension applications in different countries and the previous projects of the World Bank and FAO. For that reason Turkey has tremendous experience on the application of agricultural extension approaches from many countries. Agricultural extension activities are implemented by several institutions; each of them has a different legal status. The extension programmes were accepted and implemented using six approaches during different periods in Turkey. During this period the dominant approach was the promotion of technology transfer by the ‘general agricultural extension approach’ until the 199...
The aim of this research is to determine the energy input and output involved in cotton productio... more The aim of this research is to determine the energy input and output involved in cotton production in the Hatay province of Turkey. The average energy consumption of the farms investigated in this study is 19 558 MJha-1. Of the total energy, 2.87% is direct and 71.13% is indirect. Renewable energy accounts for 12.30% and energy usage efficiency is found to be 2.36. The total energy input into the production of one kilogram of average Turkish cotton is estimated to be 4.99 MJ. The dominant contribution to input is energy in the form of nitrogen fertiliser (40.28%), followed by water for irrigation (22.37%) and diesel-oil (17.04%). The cost of cotton production per hectare is found to be 2 246 $ha-1 in the region, with 79.87% of this being variable costs. It can be concluded that intensive cotton farms are being operated in the area since the variable cost ratio is quite high. As a result of benefit-cost ratio (1.24) analysis, cotton production is found to be economically efficient. ...
Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology
Since the national farmers' day on May 12, 2017 in Kaya, Burkina Faso, the debate on agricult... more Since the national farmers' day on May 12, 2017 in Kaya, Burkina Faso, the debate on agriculture has been to establish the agricultural entrepreneurship through the concept of agriculture as a family business (ACEF). And it is from this perspective that this study was conducted to analyse the financing possibilities open to family farming and to deduce the constraints of the transition from family farming to enterprise farming. To do this, we used the exegetical method to characterize the existing agricultural formations, to identify the means of financing and the constraints of the agricultural transition. The agricultural sector is strongly dominated by family farming with low physical and financial capital. The means of financing are self-financing and external financing. However, the transition will not be without problems because there are technical and political constraints to overcome.
Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology
The purposes of this study were to determine the socio-economic characteristics of dairy farmers ... more The purposes of this study were to determine the socio-economic characteristics of dairy farmers in Antalya, in Turkey, calculate the gross income, variable costs and gross margin of dairy farms, determine the probability distributions of consequences for alternative decisions to enable dairy farmers as decision makers to make a good and well-informed choice, to determine cross effects of milk prices variations on the productive strategy of dairy farms. The data were gathered via face to face interviews in Korkuteli, Dosemealtı, Elmalı, Manavgat and Serik counties of Antalya province in Turkey. The survey study was conducted with 80 farmers, who were member of Dairy Cow Breaders Union, in the 2011 production period. In this study, on the basis of previous experience, dairy farmers assigned minimum, maximum and most likely values of milk price and yield over the next period of 5 years. Then, triangular and cumulative distributions were defined by using these values. Moreover, Monte C...
The aim of this study was to discuss the role and importance of education and extension services ... more The aim of this study was to discuss the role and importance of education and extension services to rural women development in farming systems (animal husbandry, dairy and livestock production, protected cultivation irrigated and non-irrigated field crop production, orchard growing etc.) education level, availability of local handcraft activities and job creation possibilities in Turkey. Human resource and its qualifications are very important in terms of reaching the community and economic development. The importance of women in the world in development for more than 30 years has become remarkable. Therefore, all countries including developed and developing countries have conducted some studies oriented to women in the framework of the human resource development. Although women play a major role in food production in many countries of the world, agricultural information is not effectively reaching and benefiting these key persons in the food security chain. There is a recognized need to improve agricultural extension work with rural women. A significant problem is that in many courses of study, in-service training and education in extension methodology there is insufficient examination and discussion of the roles of rural men and women in agricultural production and rural development. Too little time allocated to gender analysis and a participatory approach aimed at solving the problem of how extension work can effectively be carried out with rural women. Although women are one part of the two gender groups in the community, they have less benefit from the resources compared with men particularly in developing countries. Furthermore, indicators of rural women are much lower than women living urban area. This situation is also valid for Turkey. For this reason, extension training for adults in the framework of the adult education has been considered very important area for the people dealing with agricultural production with respect to develop qualifications of population, to provide new skills and to increase their efficiency.
The aim of this paper was to show some empirical evidence of sustainability and risk management i... more The aim of this paper was to show some empirical evidence of sustainability and risk management in banana production in Turkey. The study also included socio-economic characteristics, decision making, financial characteristics, sustainability issues, risk sources and risk management strategies related with banana farms. The main material of the study was obtained from the data collected by survey conducted in three villages in Anamur county of Mersin province. Within the context of the research 89 farmers were interviewed in the 2008 production season. Farmers' perceptions were studied using descriptive statistical analysis. Mean values were obtained in banana farming, and factor analysis was conducted on the data obtained in the questionnaires. In the research it was found that the decision of the farmer overweighs in decision making process for banana production, there is no regular record keeping in almost 90% of the farms and around 70% of the farmers will continue banana pr...
The aim of this study was to determine energy consumption of input and output used in pomegranate... more The aim of this study was to determine energy consumption of input and output used in pomegranate production in Antalya, Turkey. The data for the production of pomegranate were collected from 85 pomegranate farms by using a face-to-face questionnaire method in 2007 production period. In the study, energy values were calculated by multiplying the amount of inputs and outputs by the related energy conversion factors. The results indicated that total energy inputs were 53,764.63 MJ ha -1 . About 40% of this was generated by chemical fertilizers and 37% from chemicals. About 84% of the total energy inputs used was indirect and 89% of the total energy inputs used non-renewable energy in pomegranate production. The net energy and energy productivity values were estimated to be 2275.37 MJ ha -1 and 0.43 respectively, and the ratio of energy outputs to energy inputs was 1.04.
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