Papers by Felicia D'Auria
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Microbiological Research, Nov 1, 2006
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PubMed, 1988
Chlorhexidine increases the activity of itraconazole against Candida isolates; itraconazole-chlor... more Chlorhexidine increases the activity of itraconazole against Candida isolates; itraconazole-chlorhexidine combinations show synergistic activity in culture media. The activity of itraconazole is discussed.
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PubMed, 1989
The synthesis and antifungal activities of new 1,5-diarylpyrrole derivatives are reported. Antimi... more The synthesis and antifungal activities of new 1,5-diarylpyrrole derivatives are reported. Antimicrobial data in comparison with pyrrolnitrin show that N-methylpiperazinylamides exhibit very poor activity against Candida albicans and Candida sp. while acid and ester derivatives are inactive. Vice-versa many acid or amide derivatives show interesting antibacterial activity. The results obtained are discussed on the basis of structure-activity relationships.
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Journal of Chemotherapy, Apr 1, 1991
The aim of this investigation was to compare the contact action of econazole sulfosalicylate (E-S... more The aim of this investigation was to compare the contact action of econazole sulfosalicylate (E-SSA) on mycetes (Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus fumigatus, Trichophyton rubrum, T. cutaneum, Pityrosporum sp.), Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Citrobacter freundii) with that exerted by econazole nitrate (E-NIT). The results show E-SSA activity greater than E-NIT (in particular against mycetes and Gram-negative bacteria). The E-SSA contact activity trials illustrated certain properties of this imidazole sulfosolicylate such as: absence of latency time, antimicrobial activity proportional to its concentration, when a high concentration is used, given the limiting influence of pH and ionic strength of the medium. The higher E-SSA contact activity, in relation to E-NIT, can be correlated to its greater lipophylia considering also the lipophylic properties of SSA and the scarce dissociation of E-SSA.
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Chemotherapy, 1991
ABSTRACT Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate (SDSS), an anionic surfactant used at a non-antimicrobial ... more ABSTRACT Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate (SDSS), an anionic surfactant used at a non-antimicrobial concentration, increased the sensitivity of Candida albicans to fluconazole in complex media (such as Sabouraud). The conditions were assessed to determine the in vitro sensitivity to fluconazole. In this connection, the use of a liquid medium at a non-alkaline pH is important. The presence of SDSS in complex media does not seem to affect the neutralization of a particular substances but favours the activity of fluconazole.
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Journal of Chemotherapy, 2003
Abstract Propolis is a resinous substance collected by honeybees from plant sources. Its antimicr... more Abstract Propolis is a resinous substance collected by honeybees from plant sources. Its antimicrobial activity has been well documented but little is specifically known about its activity on virulence factors of Candida albicans. The aim of this work was therefore to evaluate in vitro the propolis effect on yeast-mycelial conversion (Y-M), extracellular phospholipase activity and fungal adhesion to epithelial cells. The two propolis samples used significantly inhibited the C. albicans strains tested, showing a rapid (between 30 seconds and 15 minutes), dose-dependent cytocidal activity and an inhibitory effect on Y-M conversion at a concentration of 0.22 mg/ml. Moreover, the hyphal length was reduced even at lower propolis concentration. Propolis also caused a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of phospholipase activity. No clear effect was shown on adherence to buccal epithelial cells and surface structure hydrophobicity, but damage to the plasma membrane structure was demonstrated with the Propidium Iodide test.
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Phytotherapy Research, Oct 13, 2016
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Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Sep 1, 2013
The aim of this study was to individuate, by bioassay-guided fractionation, promising antifungal ... more The aim of this study was to individuate, by bioassay-guided fractionation, promising antifungal fractions and/or constituents from Hypericum perforatum subsp. angustifolium in vitro roots. Treatments with chitosan, O-carboxymethylchitosan (CMC) and its derivatives were used to improve xanthone production in the roots. The bioassay-guided fractionation of CMC-treated roots led to the individuation of an ethyl acetate fraction, containing the highest amount of xanthones (6.8%) and showing the best antifungal activity with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 53.82, 14.18, and 36.52 μg/ml, against Candida spp., Cryptococcus neoformans and dermatophytes, respectively. From this fraction the prenylated xanthone, biyouxanthone D has been isolated and represented the 44.59% of all xanthones detected. For the first time in the present paper biyouxanthone D has been found in H. perforatum roots and tested against C. neoformans, dermatophytes, and Candida species. The xanthone showed the greatest antifungal activity against C. neoformans and dermatophytes, with MIC values of 20.16, 22.63 μg/ml. In conclusion, the results obtained in the present study demonstrated that CMC-treated Hpa in vitro root extracts represent a tool for the obtainment of promising candidates for further pharmacological and clinical studies.
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Journal of Chemotherapy, 2001
ABSTRACT The antifungal activity of Melaleuca alternifolia Maiden (Myrtaceae) essential oil again... more ABSTRACT The antifungal activity of Melaleuca alternifolia Maiden (Myrtaceae) essential oil against yeasts (Candida spp., Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Debaryomyces hansenii) and dermatophytes (Microsporum spp. and Tricophyton spp.) is reported. We focused on the ability of tea tree oil to inhibit Candida albicans conversion from the yeast to the pathogenic mycelial form. Moreover we carried out broth microdilution test and contact tests to evaluate the killing time. M. alternifolia essential oil inhibited the conversion of C. albicans from yeast to the mycelial form at a concentration of 0.16% (v/v). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranged from 0.12% to 0.50% (v/v) for yeasts and 0.12% to 1% (v/v) for dermatophytes; the cytocidal activity was generally expressed at the same concentration. These results, if considered along with the lipophilic nature of the oil which enables it to penetrate the skin, suggest it may be suitable for topical therapeutic use in the treatment of fungal mucosal and cutaneous infections.
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Infection, Sep 1, 1997
The in vitro activity of several antifungal agents (ketoconazole, miconazole, econazole, fenticon... more The in vitro activity of several antifungal agents (ketoconazole, miconazole, econazole, fenticonazole, itraconazole, fluconazole) in routine clinical use against Malassezia furfur infections has been studied with freshly isolated strains of M. furfur from pityriasis versicolor lesions. The results indicate that the drugs tested exert a good activity, and both ketoconazole and itraconazole appear very active (0.8 mg/l respectively). Hair samples from the beards of volunteer patients affected by pityriasis versicolor but otherwise healthy were examined to determine ketoconazole levels during oral therapy (one or two 200 mg tablets daily). It was shown that the drug progressively accumulates in the beard, reaching levels proportional to the dose administered, although blood levels did not increase in parallel. The study of drug concentration profile has evidenced a long ketoconazole persistence in the beard at therapeutic levels. In conclusion, the possibility of reaching high and lasting ketoconazole levels in the keratin layer of the epidermis indicates that systemic ketoconazole therapy could be useful for eradication of M. furfur in patients affected by pityriasis versicolor.
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ChemInform, Sep 19, 1989
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Journal of Microbiological Methods, Jun 1, 1994
ABSTRACT Itraconazole antifungal activity is investigated by agar diffusion tests. In this study ... more ABSTRACT Itraconazole antifungal activity is investigated by agar diffusion tests. In this study we have investigated the influence of sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, an anionic sufactant, in Sabouraud dextrose agar at different culture conditions on the itraconazole activity against Candida albicans. The results demonstrated that it is possible to obtain cleared and increased zones of inhibition and a good dosage/zone of inhibition correlation also in complex medium such as Sabouraud dextrose.
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European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug 1, 2014
A new series of 2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1-phenylethanol derivatives was synthesized. The antifungal ... more A new series of 2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-1-phenylethanol derivatives was synthesized. The antifungal activity was evaluated in vitro against different fungal species. The biological results show that the most active compounds possess an antifungal activity comparable or higher than Fluconazole against Candida albicans, non-albicans Candida species, Cryptococcus neoformans and dermathophytes. Because of their racemic nature, the most active compounds 5f and 6c were tested as pure enantiomers. For 6c the (R)-enantiomer resulted more active than the (S)-one, otherwise for 5f the (S)-enantiomer resulted the most active. To rationalize the experimental data, a ligand-based computational study was carried out; the results of the modelling study show that (S)-5f and (R)-6c perfectly align to the ligand-based model, showing the same relative configuration. Preliminary studies on the human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells (A549) have shown that 6c, 5e and 5f possess a low cytotoxicity.
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Plant Biosystems, Sep 1, 2013
The medicinal properties of the aerial parts of Hypericum perforatum subsp. angustifolium have be... more The medicinal properties of the aerial parts of Hypericum perforatum subsp. angustifolium have been extensively investigated, yet little is known about the chemical composition or potential uses of the root extracts. In this study, xanthone production in wild plants and plants grown under controlled conditions was investigated. Chemical analyses carried out on wild plants revealed that xanthones were mainly accumulated in the roots. We mainly detected 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone, paxanthone, 5-O-methyl-2-deprenylrheediaxanthone B, kielcorin. The roots of wild plants showed low xanthone accumulation. In the roots of plants grown under controlled conditions, xanthone accumulation was 27 times greater than that in the roots of wild-grown plants. Kielcorin was not detected in the roots of plants grown under controlled conditions. As xanthones are known for their antifungal activity, the extracts from both samples were tested against the human fungal pathogens Candida albicans, non-albicansCandida species, Cryptococcus neoformans, and dermatophytes. The root extracts from plants grown under controlled conditions showed greater antifungal activity, probably correlated with higher xanthone accumulation.
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Infection, 1997
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Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology, 2017
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Drug Investigation, 1991
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International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 2000
We looked at the in vitro effect of an antioxidant, propyl gallate (PG), on the antifungal activi... more We looked at the in vitro effect of an antioxidant, propyl gallate (PG), on the antifungal activity of miconazole sulphosalicylate, econazole sulphosalicylate and ketoconazole against 40 clinical isolates of Candida albicans. The combination of imidazole and PG gave MIC values 10-150 times lower than those of imidazole alone. The optimal conditions for this enhanced activity were pH 6.2-8.0 and a fungal cell concentration lower than 3 x 10(5) cells/ml. The mechanism of the interaction between imidazole and PG is not known but may be as a result of an effect of PG on the P-450 cytochrome. Theoretically this combination could reduce the side effects of long treatment with imidazoles and lower the risk of resistance to these antifungal drugs.
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Papers by Felicia D'Auria