Papers by Fotini Paliogianni
Infection, Mar 12, 2024
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Journal of Medical Mycology
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Journal of Fungi
The isolation of a pan-echinocandin-resistant Candida parapsilosis strain (anidulafungin, caspofu... more The isolation of a pan-echinocandin-resistant Candida parapsilosis strain (anidulafungin, caspofungin, micafungin and rezafungin EUCAST MICs > 8 mg/L) from urine of a patient following prolonged exposure to echinocandins (38 days of micafungin followed by 16 days of anidulafungin) is described. The isolate harbored the novel alteration F652S in the hotspot 1 region of fks1. Isogenic C. parapsilosis bloodstream isolates collected up to 1.5 months earlier from the same patient were susceptible to echinocandins (anidulafungin, caspofungin and micafungin EUCAST MICs 1–2, 1 and 1 mg/L, respectively) and contained wild-type FKS1 sequences. This is the first report of pan-echinocandin resistance in C. parapsilosis associated with an aminoacid change in hotspot 1 region of fks1.
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Molecular Immunology, Sep 1, 2012
Calcium (Ca2+) plays an essential role in lymphocyte activation and differentiation by affecting ... more Calcium (Ca2+) plays an essential role in lymphocyte activation and differentiation by affecting signaling pathways leading to cytokine production. Among the enzymes responding to calcium increase, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) has been involved in anergy with a still poorly characterized role. IL-10 produced by different T lymphocyte subpopulations is critical mediator of tolerance. We tested the hypothesis that CaMKII may be involved in IL-10 production. We report that CaMKII upregulates IL-10 production by primary human T lymphocytes stimulated through the antigen receptor or bypassing that. Overexpression of constitutively active mutant forms of Calcineurin or CaMKII specifically increase IL-10 protein product and IL-10 mRNA accumulation in T lymphocytes. By cotransfecting constitutively active CaMKII with luciferase reporter plasmids carrying specific fragments or the whole IL-10 promoter, we show that CaMKII specifically activates IL-10 promoter activity, whereas it inhibits IL-2 and IL-4 promoter. This effect is mediated by the first 500 bp fragment, which contains binding sites for Myocyte Enhancer Factor-2 (MEF2). A constitutively active mutant of CaMKII activated a luciferase reporter plasmid under the control of MEF2, when cotransfected in T lymphocytes stimulated by Ionomycin and PMA, whereas its inhibitor KN-62 inhibited MEF2 binding in cell lysates of the same cells. Moreover, overexpression of MEF2 enhanced by 2.5-fold IL-10 promoter activity. Our data for the first time suggest a distinct role of CaMKII in the induction of anergy in T lymphocytes, by differential regulation of IL-10 and IL-2 gene transcription suggest MEF2 as a molecular target which can integrate different calcium signals.
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Biosensors
Since the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, several COVID-19 detection methods, both commercially... more Since the onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, several COVID-19 detection methods, both commercially available and in the lab, have been developed using different biomolecules as analytes and different detection and sampling methods with high analytical performance. Developing novel COVID-19 detection assays is an exciting research field, as rapid accurate diagnosis is a valuable tool to control the current pandemic, and also because the acquired knowledge can be deployed for facing future infectious outbreaks. We here developed a novel gold-nanoparticle-based nucleic acid lateral flow assay for the rapid, visual, and quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2. Our method was based on the use of a DNA internal standard (competitor) for quantification and involved RT-PCR, the hybridization of biotinylated PCR products to specific oligonucleotide probes, and detection with a dual lateral flow assay using gold nanoparticles conjugated to an anti-biotin antibody as reporters. The developed test ...
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Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo, 2023
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Pathogens
Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) has evolved over the last decades as a major problem in carbapenem-r... more Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) has evolved over the last decades as a major problem in carbapenem-resistant gram-negative nosocomial infections, associated with high mortality rates especially in the intensive care unit (ICU). Recent reports highlight the increasing prevalence of resistance to colistin, a last resort therapeutic option for carbapenem-resistant AB. We retrospectively evaluated the characteristics, treatment regimens and outcomes of twenty patients with pan-drug resistant (PDR) AB primary bacteremia hospitalized in the ICU of the University General Hospital of Patras, during a two-year period (October 2020–September 2022). The 28-day mortality reached 50%. Between survivors and non-survivors, no differences were found regarding age, gender, and Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). However, non-survivors had higher APACHE II scores and higher prevalence of septic shock and COVID-19 infection. A significantly higher percentage in the survivor group received Fosfomycin as par...
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HemaSphere, 2019
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Στο Πανεπιστημιακό Μικροβιολογικό Εργαστήριο του Γενικού Νοσοκομείου Πατρών απομονώθηκαν στη διάρ... more Στο Πανεπιστημιακό Μικροβιολογικό Εργαστήριο του Γενικού Νοσοκομείου Πατρών απομονώθηκαν στη διάρκεια ενός έτους 70 στελέχη P. aeruginosa τα οποία τυποποιήθηκαν με καθιερωμένες και μη μεθόδους. Το αντιβιόγραμμα διεχώρισε αδρά σε ευαίσθητα και πολυανθεκτικά στελέχη αποκαλύπτοντας υψηλό ποσοστό πολυανθεκτικών στελεχών (18,5%). Η χρήση αντιορών του συστήματος IATS κατέταξε όλα τα στελέχη σε συγκεκριμένο ορότυπο χωρίς να παρατηρηθούν πολυσυγκολλώμενα ή μη τυποποιούμενα στελέχη. Τα πολυανθεκτικά στελέχη ανήκαν κατά πλειοψηφία στον ορότυπο 12. Επικρατούντες ορότυποι στο σύνολο των στελεχών ήσαν κατά σειρά συχνότητος 12, 6, 3, 11 και 7. Η ηλεκτροφόρηση λιποπολυσακχαριτών και ολικών πρωτεϊνών με αποδιατακτικούς παράγοντες (SDS-PAGE) δεν συνέβαλε στην ομαδοποίηση στελεχών του ιδίου οροτύπου λόγω ποικιλίας και πολυπλοκότητας της ηλεκτροφορητικής εικόνας. Η ηλεκτροφόρηση πλασμιδίων πριν και μετά την επίδραση με EcoR1, έδειξε κοινή ηλεκτροφορητική εικόνα σε όλα τα στελέχη, ένα πλασμίδιο 23kb πο...
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Rheumatology, 2019
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Rheumatology International
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Journal of Medical Mycology, 2021
Candida kefyr (Kluyveromyces marxianus), an ascomycetous environmental yeast, occasionally isolat... more Candida kefyr (Kluyveromyces marxianus), an ascomycetous environmental yeast, occasionally isolated from dairy products, represents an uncommon but emerging pathogen in immunocompromised patients. Herein, we present a case of C. kefyr pyelonephritis in a 41-year-old, previously immunocompetent, patient who was hospitalized in an COVID-19 ICU. Pyelonephritis was associated with caliectasis and obstruction due to possible fungus ball formation. Predisposing factors included ICU stay, use of broad spectrum antibiotics and steroids, central venous catheterization, mechanical ventilation and urologic manipulation. Susceptibility testing revealed high MIC values to amphotericin B. Infection was effectively controlled by prolonged administration of fluconazole without further surgical intervention. COVID-19 complicated with invasive candidiasis is an increasingly observed clinical situation that warrants high suspicion index and careful evaluation of laboratory data.
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Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), Jan 15, 1993
Transforming growth factors-beta (TGF-beta) modulate immune responses by inhibiting the prolifera... more Transforming growth factors-beta (TGF-beta) modulate immune responses by inhibiting the proliferation of normal T lymphocytes. To examine the mechanism(s) of this inhibition, we studied the effect of TGF-beta 1 on selected events associated with the initiation and progression of the T lymphocyte cell cycle. Human peripheral blood T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3 mAb, PHA, PMA, or ionomycin, alone or in combination. TGF-beta 1 (0.5 to 10 ng/ml) partially inhibited the tyrosine phosphorylation of a 100-kDa protein, but not the calcium influx when cells were stimulated via TCR. Nuclear transcription of early activation genes (c-fos, c-jun, and c-myc) as determined by nuclear run-off assays, and steady state mRNA levels and/or protein products of intermediate activation genes (IL-2, IL-2R alpha, IL-2R beta, and transferrin receptor) were not affected by TGF-beta 1. Total cellular RNA synthesis and cell size after T cell stimulation were also not affected by TGF-beta 1. However, TGF...
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Oncology, 2004
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Genes and Immunity, 2004
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Diabetologia, 2001
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Molecular Immunology, 2012
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Molecular Immunology, 2009
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Clinical Hematology International
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic with a high rate of hospitalization, admiss... more The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic with a high rate of hospitalization, admission to intensive care units, and mortality. Identifying patients at the highest risk for severe disease is important to facilitate early, aggressive intervention. High red blood cell distribution width (RDW) values are associated with increased mortality in the general population in patients suffering from several conditions, including cardiovascular disease, sepsis, acute kidney injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and hepatitis B. Our study aimed to determine whether RDW levels in all COVID-19 confirmed cases admitted to the Patras University Hospital, Greece, was an independent prognostic factor of hospitalization and disease outcome.
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Papers by Fotini Paliogianni