Partido Republikano (Estados Unidos)
Ti Partido Republikano ket maysa kadagiti dua a kangrunaan a politiko a partido idiay Estados Unidos, a kaduana ti Partido Demokratiko. Daytoy ket binangon dagiti kontra-tagabu nga aktibista idi 1854, daytoy ket kaaduan a nangituray kadagiti nailian a politika idi paset ti panawen ti 1860–1932. Agnanayon nga ammo iti Iggles a kas ti GOP (Grand Old Party), adda dagiti 18 a presidente ket Republikano.
Iti agdama ti plataporma ti partido ket sapsap a mangiballatek ti Amerikano a konserbatismo iti espektro ti politiko iti Estados Unidos.[1][2][3] Ti Amerikano a konserbatismo ti Partido Republikano ket saan a sibubukel a naibatay ti panaglikud ti politiko nga ideolohia iti liberalismo, a kaaduan kadagiti pamunganayan ti Amerikano a konserbatismo ket naibatayda ti klasiko a liberalismo.[4] Ngem ti panakakonserbatismo ti Partido Republikano ket kaaduan a naibatay par iti panangisuportana iti klasiko a pamunganayan a sumuppiat kadagiti moderno a liberalismo iti Partido Demokratiko a naikapanunotan nga Amerikano a liberalismo iti kontemporario nga Amerikano a diskurso.[4]
Iti maika-112 a Kongreso, a nabutosan iti 2010, ti Partido Republikano ket agtengtengngel kadagiti kaaduan a tugaw idiay Kamara dagiti Pannakabagi ken dagiti minoridad atugaw idiay Senado. Ti partido ket agdama nga agtengtengngel kadagiti kaaduan kadagiti panakagobernador ken ti pay kaaduan kadagiti estado a lehislatura.
Dagiti nota
[urnosen | urnosen ti taudan]- ^ Grigsby, Ellen (2008). Panagusig kadagiti Politika: Ti pangyuna ti Politiko a Siensia. Florence: Cengage Learning. pp. 106–7. ISBN 0-495-50112-3.
Idiay Estados Unidos, ti Partido Demokratiko ket agirepresenta kaniana ti alternatibo kadagiti Republikano, ngem ti panakaliberalismona ket para iti kaaduan a kinaudi a bersion iti liberalismo-moderno a liberalismo.
- ^ Arnold, N. Scott (2009). Panagipang-al kadagiti kapategan: ti maysa a salaysay iti liberalismo ken regulasion. Florence: Unibersidad ti Oxford a Pagmalditan. p. 3. ISBN 0-495-50112-3.
Ti Moderno a liberalismo ket sakupenna ti kanigid-sentro iti tinawtawid a espektro ti politiko ken nairepresenta babaen ti Partido Demokratiko idiay Estados Unidos.
- ^ Levy, Jonah (2006). Ti estado kalpasan ti statismo: dagiti baro nga aktibidad ti estado iti panawen ti liberalisasion. Florence: Unibersidad ti Harvard a Pagmalditan. p. 198. ISBN 0-495-50112-3.
Iti korporado a lugar ti pagiturayan, ti sentro-kanigid ket nangipuesto kaniana tapno agipandag para iti reporma.
- ^ a b Brian R. Farmer. Dagiti politiko nga ideolohia ti Amerikano: ti panagiyuna kadagiti kangrunaan a sistema iti kapanuinotan iti maika-21 a siglo. Jefferson, North Carolina, E.U.: McFarland & Company, 2006. Pp. 64.
Dagiti nagibasaran
[urnosen | urnosen ti taudan]- American National Biography (dagiti 20 a tomo, 1999) covers all politicians no longer alive; online at many academic libraries.
- Aistrup, Joseph A. The Southern Strategy Revisited: Republican Top-Down Advancement in the South (1996)
- Barone, Michael. The Almanac of American Politics 2010: The Senators, the Representatives and the Governors: Their Records and Election Results, Their States and Districts (2009).
- Black, Earl and Merle Black. The Rise of Southern Republicans (2002)
- Brennan, Mary C. Turning Right in the Sixties: The Conservative Capture of the GOP (1995)
- Conger, Kimberly H. The Christian Right in Republican State Politics (2010) 202 pages; focuses on Arizona, Indiana, and Missouri
- Crane, Michael. The Political Junkie Handbook: The Definitive Reference Books on Politics (2004) covers all the major issues explaining the parties' positions
- Critchlow, Donald T. The Conservative Ascendancy: How the Republican Right Rose to Power in Modern America (2nd ed. 2011)
- Donald, David. Lincoln (1999)
- Ehrman, John, The Eighties: America in the Age of Reagan (2005)
- Fried, J (2008). Democrats and Republicans—Rhetoric and Reality. New York: Algora Publishing.
- Frank, Thomas. What's the Matter with Kansas? How Conservatives Won the Heart of America (2005)
- Frum, David. What's Right: The New Conservative Majority and the Remaking of America (1996)
- Gould, Lewis (2003). Grand Old Party: A History of the Republicans. ISBN 0-375-50741-8.
- Jensen, Richard. Grass Roots Politics: Parties, Issues, and Voters, 1854–1983 (1983)
- Judis, John B. and Ruy Teixeira. The Emerging Democratic Majority (2004) two Democrats project social trends
- Kleppner, Paul, et al. The Evolution of American Electoral Systems (1983), applies party systems model
- Lamis, Alexander P. ed. Southern Politics in the 1990s (1999)
- Levendusky, Matthew. The Partisan Sort: How Liberals Became Democrats and Conservatives Became Republicans (Chicago Studies in American Politics) (2009)
- Mayer, George H. The Republican Party, 1854–1966. 2d ed. (1967)
- Perlstein, Rick. Before the Storm: Barry Goldwater and the Unmaking of the American Consensus (2002) broad account of 1964
- Perlstein, Rick. Nixonland: The Rise of a President and the Fracturing of America (2009)
- Reinhard, David W. The Republican Right since 1945 (1983)
- Rutland, Robert Allen. The Republicans: From Lincoln to Bush (1996)
- Sabato, Larry J. Divided States of America: The Slash and Burn Politics of the 2004 Presidential Election (2005)
- Sabato, Larry J. and Bruce Larson. The Party's Just Begun: Shaping Political Parties for America's Future (2001) textbook.
- Schlesinger, Arthur Meier, Jr. ed. History of American Presidential Elections, 1789–2000 (various multivolume editions, latest is 2001). Essays on the most important election are reprinted in Schlesinger, The Coming to Power: Critical presidential elections in American history (1972)
- Shafer, Byron E. and Anthony J. Badger, eds. Contesting Democracy: Substance and Structure in American Political History, 1775–2000 (2001), long essays by specialists on each time period:
- includes: "'To One or Another of These Parties Every Man Belongs;": 1820–1865 by Joel H. Silbey; "Change and Continuity in the Party Period: 1835–1885" by Michael F. Holt; "The Transformation of American Politics: 1865–1910" by Peter H. Argersinger; "Democracy, Republicanism, and Efficiency: 1885–1930" by Richard Jensen; "The Limits of Federal Power and Social Policy: 1910–1955" by Anthony J. Badger; "The Rise of Rights and Rights Consciousness: 1930–1980" by James T. Patterson; and "Economic Growth, Issue Evolution, and Divided Government: 1955–2000" by Byron E. Shafer
- Shafer, Byron and Richard Johnston. The End of Southern Exceptionalism (2006), uses statistical election data & polls to argue GOP growth was primarily a response to economic change
- Steely, Mel. The Gentleman from Georgia: The Biography of Newt Gingrich Mercer University Press, 2000. ISBN 0-86554-671-1.
- Sundquist, James L. Dynamics of the Party System: Alignment and Realignment of Political Parties in the United States (1983)
- Wooldridge, Adrian and John Micklethwait. The Right Nation: Conservative Power in America (2004).
Dagiti akinruar a silpo
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