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Beyond Nutrition and Organic Labels—30 Years of Experience With Intervening in Food Labels

Author

Listed:
  • Kuchler, Fred
  • Greene, Catherine
  • Bowman, Maria
  • Marshall, Kandice K.
  • Bovay, John
  • Lynch, Lori
Abstract
Consumers are increasingly interested in farming methods and the nutritional quality of food. Manufacturers, in turn, are adding more information to food labels. In 1990, Congress passed two watershed laws on food labeling, one requiring nutrition labels to be included on most processed foods and the other requiring organic foods to meet a national uniform standard. This report examines the economic issues involved in five labels for which the Federal Government has played different roles in securing the information and making it transparent to consumers. In addition to the nutrition and organic labels, the report scrutinizes three other labels—one advertising foods made without genetically engineered ingredients, another advertising products made from animals raised without antibiotics, and the Federal country-of-origin label, which is now required for fresh and frozen fruits and vegetables, some nuts, fish and shellfish, ginseng, and certain meats. As interest grows in process-based and other types of food labeling, findings from these five case studies illustrate the economic effects and tradeoffs in setting product standards, verifying claims, and enforcing truthfulness.

Suggested Citation

  • Kuchler, Fred & Greene, Catherine & Bowman, Maria & Marshall, Kandice K. & Bovay, John & Lynch, Lori, 2017. "Beyond Nutrition and Organic Labels—30 Years of Experience With Intervening in Food Labels," Economic Research Report 291967, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:uersrr:291967
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.291967
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. F. Kuchler & M. Bowman & M. Sweitzer & C. Greene, 2020. "Evidence from Retail Food Markets That Consumers Are Confused by Natural and Organic Food Labels," Journal of Consumer Policy, Springer, vol. 43(2), pages 379-395, June.
    2. Dohlman, Erik & Maguire, Karen & Davis, Wilma V. & Husby, Megan & Bovay, John & Weber, Catharine & Lee, Yoonjung, 2024. "Trends, Insights, and Future Prospects for Production in Controlled Environment Agriculture and Agrivoltaics Systems," Economic Information Bulletin 340508, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    3. Bovay, John & Alston, Julian M., 2018. "GMO food labels in the United States: Economic implications of the new law," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 14-25.
    4. Wencke Gwozdz & Lucia A. Reisch & John Thøgersen, 2020. "Behaviour Change for Sustainable Consumption," Journal of Consumer Policy, Springer, vol. 43(2), pages 249-253, June.
    5. Lin, Biing-Hwan & Guthrie, Joanne & Smith, Travis, 2023. "Dietary Quality by Food Source and Demographics in the United States, 1977-2018," USDA Miscellaneous 333757, United States Department of Agriculture.
    6. Jessica E. Todd & Lisa Mancino & Brandon J. Restrepo & Claudine Kavanaugh & Chris Dicken & Vince Breneman, 2021. "Food Away From Home And Caloric Intake: The Role Of Restaurant Menu Labeling Laws," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 59(1), pages 53-71, January.
    7. Carlson, Andrea & Greene, Catherine & Raszap Skorbiansky, Sharon & Hitaj, Claudia & Ha, Kim & Cavigelli, Michel & Ferrier, Peyton & McBride, William, 2023. "U.S. Organic Production, Markets, Consumers, and Policy, 2000-21," USDA Miscellaneous 333551, United States Department of Agriculture.
    8. Page, Elina T. & Short, Gianna & Sneeringer, Stacy & Bowman, Maria, 2021. "The Market for Chicken Raised Without Antibiotics, 2012–17," USDA Miscellaneous 315418, United States Department of Agriculture.
    9. Wei, Zhibiao & Zhuang, Minghao & Hellegers, Petra & Cui, Zhenling & Hoffland, Ellis, 2023. "Towards circular nitrogen use in the agri-food system at village and county level in China," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    10. Basso, Bruno & Jones, James W. & Antle, John & Martinez-Feria, Rafael A. & Verma, Brahm, 2021. "Enabling circularity in grain production systems with novel technologies and policy," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety;

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