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The Relationship between Credit Rating and Environmental, Social, and Governance Score in Banking

Author

Listed:
  • Dimitrios Vortelinos

    (Department of Accounting and Finance, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 71410 Heraklion, Greece)

  • Angeliki N. Menegaki

    (Department of Economic and Regional Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Amfissa Campus, 33100 Amfissa, Greece)

  • Spyros Alexiou

    (Department of Economic and Regional Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Amfissa Campus, 33100 Amfissa, Greece)

Abstract
The present paper investigates the relationship between stock prices, credit ratings, and ESG scores for banks internationally. First, it describes stock prices and ESG scores at an annual frequency, as well as stock price and credit risk at a daily frequency. The relationships between (a) stock price and credit rating returns with ESG score returns and (b) among ESG scores are examined by pairwise annual correlation, and daily correlations are examined between price and credit rating returns. Furthermore, Granger causality is used to examine the relationships between the following: (a) price and ESG score annual returns; (b) price and credit rating daily returns; and (c) total and pillar annual ESG scores. This study makes a significant contribution to the literature by providing a detailed temporal analysis using both annual and daily data frequencies, which is relatively rare in the field. There is evidence of statistically and empirically important relations in the form of pairwise correlations. The regressions reveal a low significance of few ESG score changes in explaining credit rating changes. A unique aspect of this paper is the comprehensive analysis of 16 granular ESG scores, including overall scores, pillar scores, and sub-scores, allowing for a multi-faceted understanding of how specific ESG factors impact financial metrics. We found evidence of the significance of COVID-19 in all research questions. Additionally, this paper highlights the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the relationships between ESG scores, credit ratings, and stock prices, offering timely insights into the heightened importance and volatility of ESG factors during crisis periods. Future research needs to shed more light on this relationship, however.

Suggested Citation

  • Dimitrios Vortelinos & Angeliki N. Menegaki & Spyros Alexiou, 2024. "The Relationship between Credit Rating and Environmental, Social, and Governance Score in Banking," Economies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-19, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jecomi:v:12:y:2024:i:6:p:152-:d:1415731
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Pineau, Edouard & Le, Phuong & Estran, Rémy, 2022. "Importance of ESG factors in sovereign credit ratings," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 49(C).
    2. Lutfi Abdul Razak & Mansor H. Ibrahim & Adam Ng, 2020. "Which Sustainability Dimensions Affect Credit Risk? Evidence from Corporate and Country-Level Measures," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-22, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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