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The New Keynesian Approach to Business Cycle Theory: Nominal and Real Rigidities

Author

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  • Monica Dobrescu

    (Bucharest University of Economic Studies)

Abstract
At the heart of the Neoclassical synthesis lies the assumption that prices do not adjust instantly to equilibrate supply and demand. Under these circumstances, once the synthesis failed, economists naturally started to investigate whether the imperfect adjustment of prices could be logically inferred from realistic assumptions regarding the microeconomic environment, and subsequent research led to a variety of new non-walrasian theories regarding the functioning of markets. Thus, the non-walrasian analyses of the labour market suggested that wages could perform other functions than to equilibrate labour supply and demand. For instance, in models focused on labour contracts, wages are regarded as an „insurance” provided by the employer to the workers, while in efficiency wage models, wages are determinants of labour productivity. Such models have the ability to account for unemployment, but they are not able to explain the failure of the classical dichotomy. The paper aims to investigate the theoretical progress achieved during the past 3 decades, to clarify nominal and real rigidities and evaluate their impact on the business cycle and finally, to evaluate the theoretical aspects which need further analyses and refinements.

Suggested Citation

  • Monica Dobrescu, 2012. "The New Keynesian Approach to Business Cycle Theory: Nominal and Real Rigidities," International Journal of Economic Practices and Theories, Academy of Economic Studies - Bucharest, Romania, vol. 2(1), pages 13-22, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:aes:ijeptp:v:2:y:2012:i:1:p:13-22
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Krume Nikoloski & Ognen Aleksoski & Borka Petrusheva, 2015. "Economic Thought Through The Prism Of New Keynesian Economics," Annals - Economy Series, Constantin Brancusi University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 1, pages 17-21, January.
    2. Kenny S, Victoria, 2019. "The effect of real shocks on business cycle fluctuations. A Bayesian panel vector autoregressive approach," MPRA Paper 95716, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Ignacio Escañuela ROMANA, 2016. "Randomness, Determinism and Undecidability in the Economic Cycle Theory," Journal of Economics and Political Economy, KSP Journals, vol. 3(4), pages 638-658, December.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    nominal rigidities; real rigidities; menu costs; efficiency wages; near rationality.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E30 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles

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