Pertempuran Ruspina

Pertempuran Ruspina
	Bagian dari Perang Saudara Caesar
Tanggal	4 Januari 46 SM
Lokasi	Ruspina, Afrika
Hasil	Kemenangan Optimates
Pihak terlibat
Optimates; Numidia	Populares
Tokoh dan pemimpin
Titus Labienus; Marcus Petreius (WIA); Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso	Gaius Julius Caesar; Publius Hostilius Saserna
Kekuatan
11,200+ 11,200 kavaleri; Sejumlah infanteri ringan	9,550 9,000 legiun di bawah kekuatan 30 Cohort; 400 kavaleri; 150 pemanah

Pertempuran Ruspina merupakan sebuah konflik yang berlangsung pada tanggal 4 Januari 46 SM di provinsi Romawi Afrika, antara pasukan Republik Optimates dan pasukan yang setia pada Yulius Kaisar. Pasukan Republik dipimpin oleh Titus Labienus, bekas pendukung Kaisar yang telah membelot ke pihak Republik pada permulaan perang saudara.

Kutipan

^ Goldsworthy 2006, hlm. 459, The action outside Ruspina – it is sometimes described as a battle – was without doubt a defeat for Caesar, who had been prevented from his aim of gathering the supplies that his army required..
^ Goldsworthy 2006, hlm. 457–458, including 9,600 Numidian and 1,600 Gallic and Germanic.
^ Goldsworthy 2006, hlm. 457–458.
^ Goldsworthy 2006, hlm. 456–457.
^ ^a ^b Goldsworthy 2006, hlm. 457.

Daftar pustaka

Goldsworthy, Adrian (2006). Caesar: Life of a Colossus. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-12048-6.

Pranala luar

Caesar Beats the Odds: The Battle of Ruspina

35°46′00″N 10°49′00″E / 35.7667°N 10.8167°E / 35.7667; 10.8167

[FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy2006459''The_action_outside_Ruspina_–_it_is_sometimes_described_as_a_battle_–_was_without_doubt_a_defeat_for_Caesar,_who_had_been_prevented_from_his_aim_of_gathering_the_supplies_that_his_army_required.''-1] Goldsworthy 2006, hlm. 459, The action outside Ruspina – it is sometimes described as a battle – was without doubt a defeat for Caesar, who had been prevented from his aim of gathering the supplies that his army required..

[FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy2006457–458including_9,600_Numidian_and_1,600_Gallic_and_Germanic-2] Goldsworthy 2006, hlm. 457–458, including 9,600 Numidian and 1,600 Gallic and Germanic.

[FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy2006457–458-3] Goldsworthy 2006, hlm. 457–458.

[FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy2006456–457-4] Goldsworthy 2006, hlm. 456–457.

[FOOTNOTEGoldsworthy2006457-5] Goldsworthy 2006, hlm. 457.

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