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content.go
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content.go
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/*
Copyright The containerd Authors.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/
package metadata
import (
"context"
"encoding/binary"
"fmt"
"strings"
"sync"
"sync/atomic"
"time"
"github.com/containerd/containerd/content"
"github.com/containerd/containerd/errdefs"
"github.com/containerd/containerd/filters"
"github.com/containerd/containerd/labels"
"github.com/containerd/containerd/log"
"github.com/containerd/containerd/metadata/boltutil"
"github.com/containerd/containerd/namespaces"
digest "github.com/opencontainers/go-digest"
ocispec "github.com/opencontainers/image-spec/specs-go/v1"
bolt "go.etcd.io/bbolt"
)
type contentStore struct {
content.Store
db *DB
shared bool
l sync.RWMutex
}
// newContentStore returns a namespaced content store using an existing
// content store interface.
// policy defines the sharing behavior for content between namespaces. Both
// modes will result in shared storage in the backend for committed. Choose
// "shared" to prevent separate namespaces from having to pull the same content
// twice. Choose "isolated" if the content must not be shared between
// namespaces.
//
// If the policy is "shared", writes will try to resolve the "expected" digest
// against the backend, allowing imports of content from other namespaces. In
// "isolated" mode, the client must prove they have the content by providing
// the entire blob before the content can be added to another namespace.
//
// Since we have only two policies right now, it's simpler using bool to
// represent it internally.
func newContentStore(db *DB, shared bool, cs content.Store) *contentStore {
return &contentStore{
Store: cs,
db: db,
shared: shared,
}
}
func (cs *contentStore) Info(ctx context.Context, dgst digest.Digest) (content.Info, error) {
ns, err := namespaces.NamespaceRequired(ctx)
if err != nil {
return content.Info{}, err
}
var info content.Info
if err := view(ctx, cs.db, func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
bkt := getBlobBucket(tx, ns, dgst)
if bkt == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("content digest %v: %w", dgst, errdefs.ErrNotFound)
}
info.Digest = dgst
return readInfo(&info, bkt)
}); err != nil {
return content.Info{}, err
}
return info, nil
}
func (cs *contentStore) Update(ctx context.Context, info content.Info, fieldpaths ...string) (content.Info, error) {
ns, err := namespaces.NamespaceRequired(ctx)
if err != nil {
return content.Info{}, err
}
cs.l.RLock()
defer cs.l.RUnlock()
updated := content.Info{
Digest: info.Digest,
}
if err := update(ctx, cs.db, func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
bkt := getBlobBucket(tx, ns, info.Digest)
if bkt == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("content digest %v: %w", info.Digest, errdefs.ErrNotFound)
}
if err := readInfo(&updated, bkt); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("info %q: %w", info.Digest, err)
}
if len(fieldpaths) > 0 {
for _, path := range fieldpaths {
if strings.HasPrefix(path, "labels.") {
if updated.Labels == nil {
updated.Labels = map[string]string{}
}
key := strings.TrimPrefix(path, "labels.")
updated.Labels[key] = info.Labels[key]
continue
}
switch path {
case "labels":
updated.Labels = info.Labels
default:
return fmt.Errorf("cannot update %q field on content info %q: %w", path, info.Digest, errdefs.ErrInvalidArgument)
}
}
} else {
// Set mutable fields
updated.Labels = info.Labels
}
if err := validateInfo(&updated); err != nil {
return err
}
updated.UpdatedAt = time.Now().UTC()
return writeInfo(&updated, bkt)
}); err != nil {
return content.Info{}, err
}
return updated, nil
}
func (cs *contentStore) Walk(ctx context.Context, fn content.WalkFunc, fs ...string) error {
ns, err := namespaces.NamespaceRequired(ctx)
if err != nil {
return err
}
filter, err := filters.ParseAll(fs...)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// TODO: Batch results to keep from reading all info into memory
var infos []content.Info
if err := view(ctx, cs.db, func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
bkt := getBlobsBucket(tx, ns)
if bkt == nil {
return nil
}
return bkt.ForEach(func(k, v []byte) error {
dgst, err := digest.Parse(string(k))
if err != nil {
// Not a digest, skip
return nil
}
bbkt := bkt.Bucket(k)
if bbkt == nil {
return nil
}
info := content.Info{
Digest: dgst,
}
if err := readInfo(&info, bkt.Bucket(k)); err != nil {
return err
}
if filter.Match(content.AdaptInfo(info)) {
infos = append(infos, info)
}
return nil
})
}); err != nil {
return err
}
for _, info := range infos {
if err := fn(info); err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
func (cs *contentStore) Delete(ctx context.Context, dgst digest.Digest) error {
ns, err := namespaces.NamespaceRequired(ctx)
if err != nil {
return err
}
cs.l.RLock()
defer cs.l.RUnlock()
return update(ctx, cs.db, func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
bkt := getBlobBucket(tx, ns, dgst)
if bkt == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("content digest %v: %w", dgst, errdefs.ErrNotFound)
}
if err := getBlobsBucket(tx, ns).DeleteBucket([]byte(dgst.String())); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := removeContentLease(ctx, tx, dgst); err != nil {
return err
}
// Mark content store as dirty for triggering garbage collection
atomic.AddUint32(&cs.db.dirty, 1)
cs.db.dirtyCS = true
return nil
})
}
func (cs *contentStore) ListStatuses(ctx context.Context, fs ...string) ([]content.Status, error) {
ns, err := namespaces.NamespaceRequired(ctx)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
filter, err := filters.ParseAll(fs...)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
brefs := map[string]string{}
if err := view(ctx, cs.db, func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
bkt := getIngestsBucket(tx, ns)
if bkt == nil {
return nil
}
return bkt.ForEach(func(k, v []byte) error {
if v == nil {
// TODO(dmcgowan): match name and potentially labels here
brefs[string(k)] = string(bkt.Bucket(k).Get(bucketKeyRef))
}
return nil
})
}); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
statuses := make([]content.Status, 0, len(brefs))
for k, bref := range brefs {
status, err := cs.Store.Status(ctx, bref)
if err != nil {
if errdefs.IsNotFound(err) {
continue
}
return nil, err
}
status.Ref = k
if filter.Match(adaptContentStatus(status)) {
statuses = append(statuses, status)
}
}
return statuses, nil
}
func getRef(tx *bolt.Tx, ns, ref string) string {
bkt := getIngestBucket(tx, ns, ref)
if bkt == nil {
return ""
}
v := bkt.Get(bucketKeyRef)
if len(v) == 0 {
return ""
}
return string(v)
}
func (cs *contentStore) Status(ctx context.Context, ref string) (content.Status, error) {
ns, err := namespaces.NamespaceRequired(ctx)
if err != nil {
return content.Status{}, err
}
var bref string
if err := view(ctx, cs.db, func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
bref = getRef(tx, ns, ref)
if bref == "" {
return fmt.Errorf("reference %v: %w", ref, errdefs.ErrNotFound)
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
return content.Status{}, err
}
st, err := cs.Store.Status(ctx, bref)
if err != nil {
return content.Status{}, err
}
st.Ref = ref
return st, nil
}
func (cs *contentStore) Abort(ctx context.Context, ref string) error {
ns, err := namespaces.NamespaceRequired(ctx)
if err != nil {
return err
}
cs.l.RLock()
defer cs.l.RUnlock()
return update(ctx, cs.db, func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
ibkt := getIngestsBucket(tx, ns)
if ibkt == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("reference %v: %w", ref, errdefs.ErrNotFound)
}
bkt := ibkt.Bucket([]byte(ref))
if bkt == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("reference %v: %w", ref, errdefs.ErrNotFound)
}
bref := string(bkt.Get(bucketKeyRef))
if bref == "" {
return fmt.Errorf("reference %v: %w", ref, errdefs.ErrNotFound)
}
expected := string(bkt.Get(bucketKeyExpected))
if err := ibkt.DeleteBucket([]byte(ref)); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := removeIngestLease(ctx, tx, ref); err != nil {
return err
}
// if not shared content, delete active ingest on backend
if expected == "" {
return cs.Store.Abort(ctx, bref)
}
return nil
})
}
func (cs *contentStore) Writer(ctx context.Context, opts ...content.WriterOpt) (content.Writer, error) {
var wOpts content.WriterOpts
for _, opt := range opts {
if err := opt(&wOpts); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
}
// TODO(AkihiroSuda): we could create a random string or one calculated based on the context
// https://github.com/containerd/containerd/issues/2129#issuecomment-380255019
if wOpts.Ref == "" {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("ref must not be empty: %w", errdefs.ErrInvalidArgument)
}
ns, err := namespaces.NamespaceRequired(ctx)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
cs.l.RLock()
defer cs.l.RUnlock()
var (
w content.Writer
exists bool
bref string
)
if err := update(ctx, cs.db, func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
var shared bool
if wOpts.Desc.Digest != "" {
cbkt := getBlobBucket(tx, ns, wOpts.Desc.Digest)
if cbkt != nil {
// Add content to lease to prevent other reference removals
// from effecting this object during a provided lease
if err := addContentLease(ctx, tx, wOpts.Desc.Digest); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("unable to lease content: %w", err)
}
// Return error outside of transaction to ensure
// commit succeeds with the lease.
exists = true
return nil
}
if cs.shared || isSharedContent(tx, wOpts.Desc.Digest) {
if st, err := cs.Store.Info(ctx, wOpts.Desc.Digest); err == nil {
// Ensure the expected size is the same, it is likely
// an error if the size is mismatched but the caller
// must resolve this on commit
if wOpts.Desc.Size == 0 || wOpts.Desc.Size == st.Size {
shared = true
wOpts.Desc.Size = st.Size
}
}
}
}
bkt, err := createIngestBucket(tx, ns, wOpts.Ref)
if err != nil {
return err
}
leased, err := addIngestLease(ctx, tx, wOpts.Ref)
if err != nil {
return err
}
brefb := bkt.Get(bucketKeyRef)
if brefb == nil {
sid, err := bkt.NextSequence()
if err != nil {
return err
}
bref = createKey(sid, ns, wOpts.Ref)
if err := bkt.Put(bucketKeyRef, []byte(bref)); err != nil {
return err
}
} else {
bref = string(brefb)
}
if !leased {
// Add timestamp to allow aborting once stale
// When lease is set the ingest should be aborted
// after lease it belonged to is deleted.
// Expiration can be configurable in the future to
// give more control to the daemon, however leases
// already give users more control of expiration.
expireAt := time.Now().UTC().Add(24 * time.Hour)
if err := writeExpireAt(expireAt, bkt); err != nil {
return err
}
}
if shared {
if err := bkt.Put(bucketKeyExpected, []byte(wOpts.Desc.Digest)); err != nil {
return err
}
} else {
// Do not use the passed in expected value here since it was
// already checked against the user metadata. The content must
// be committed in the namespace before it will be seen as
// available in the current namespace.
desc := wOpts.Desc
desc.Digest = ""
w, err = cs.Store.Writer(ctx, content.WithRef(bref), content.WithDescriptor(desc))
}
return err
}); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if exists {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("content %v: %w", wOpts.Desc.Digest, errdefs.ErrAlreadyExists)
}
return &namespacedWriter{
ctx: ctx,
ref: wOpts.Ref,
namespace: ns,
db: cs.db,
provider: cs.Store,
l: &cs.l,
w: w,
bref: bref,
started: time.Now(),
desc: wOpts.Desc,
}, nil
}
type namespacedWriter struct {
ctx context.Context
ref string
namespace string
db transactor
provider interface {
content.Provider
content.Ingester
}
l *sync.RWMutex
w content.Writer
bref string
started time.Time
desc ocispec.Descriptor
}
func (nw *namespacedWriter) Close() error {
if nw.w != nil {
return nw.w.Close()
}
return nil
}
func (nw *namespacedWriter) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
// if no writer, first copy and unshare before performing write
if nw.w == nil {
if len(p) == 0 {
return 0, nil
}
if err := nw.createAndCopy(nw.ctx, nw.desc); err != nil {
return 0, err
}
}
return nw.w.Write(p)
}
func (nw *namespacedWriter) Digest() digest.Digest {
if nw.w != nil {
return nw.w.Digest()
}
return nw.desc.Digest
}
func (nw *namespacedWriter) Truncate(size int64) error {
if nw.w != nil {
return nw.w.Truncate(size)
}
desc := nw.desc
desc.Size = size
desc.Digest = ""
return nw.createAndCopy(nw.ctx, desc)
}
func (nw *namespacedWriter) createAndCopy(ctx context.Context, desc ocispec.Descriptor) error {
nwDescWithoutDigest := desc
nwDescWithoutDigest.Digest = ""
w, err := nw.provider.Writer(ctx, content.WithRef(nw.bref), content.WithDescriptor(nwDescWithoutDigest))
if err != nil {
return err
}
if desc.Size > 0 {
ra, err := nw.provider.ReaderAt(ctx, nw.desc)
if err != nil {
w.Close()
return err
}
defer ra.Close()
if err := content.CopyReaderAt(w, ra, desc.Size); err != nil {
w.Close()
return err
}
}
nw.w = w
return nil
}
func (nw *namespacedWriter) Commit(ctx context.Context, size int64, expected digest.Digest, opts ...content.Opt) error {
ctx = namespaces.WithNamespace(ctx, nw.namespace)
nw.l.RLock()
defer nw.l.RUnlock()
var innerErr error
if err := update(ctx, nw.db, func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
dgst, err := nw.commit(ctx, tx, size, expected, opts...)
if err != nil {
if !errdefs.IsAlreadyExists(err) {
return err
}
innerErr = err
}
bkt := getIngestsBucket(tx, nw.namespace)
if bkt != nil {
if err := bkt.DeleteBucket([]byte(nw.ref)); err != nil && err != bolt.ErrBucketNotFound {
return err
}
}
if err := removeIngestLease(ctx, tx, nw.ref); err != nil {
return err
}
return addContentLease(ctx, tx, dgst)
}); err != nil {
return err
}
return innerErr
}
func (nw *namespacedWriter) commit(ctx context.Context, tx *bolt.Tx, size int64, expected digest.Digest, opts ...content.Opt) (digest.Digest, error) {
var base content.Info
for _, opt := range opts {
if err := opt(&base); err != nil {
if nw.w != nil {
nw.w.Close()
}
return "", err
}
}
if err := validateInfo(&base); err != nil {
if nw.w != nil {
nw.w.Close()
}
return "", err
}
var actual digest.Digest
if nw.w == nil {
if size != 0 && size != nw.desc.Size {
return "", fmt.Errorf("%q failed size validation: %v != %v: %w", nw.ref, nw.desc.Size, size, errdefs.ErrFailedPrecondition)
}
if expected != "" && expected != nw.desc.Digest {
return "", fmt.Errorf("%q unexpected digest: %w", nw.ref, errdefs.ErrFailedPrecondition)
}
size = nw.desc.Size
actual = nw.desc.Digest
} else {
status, err := nw.w.Status()
if err != nil {
nw.w.Close()
return "", err
}
if size != 0 && size != status.Offset {
nw.w.Close()
return "", fmt.Errorf("%q failed size validation: %v != %v: %w", nw.ref, status.Offset, size, errdefs.ErrFailedPrecondition)
}
size = status.Offset
if err := nw.w.Commit(ctx, size, expected); err != nil && !errdefs.IsAlreadyExists(err) {
return "", err
}
actual = nw.w.Digest()
}
bkt, err := createBlobBucket(tx, nw.namespace, actual)
if err != nil {
if err == bolt.ErrBucketExists {
return actual, fmt.Errorf("content %v: %w", actual, errdefs.ErrAlreadyExists)
}
return "", err
}
commitTime := time.Now().UTC()
sizeEncoded, err := encodeInt(size)
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
if err := boltutil.WriteTimestamps(bkt, commitTime, commitTime); err != nil {
return "", err
}
if err := boltutil.WriteLabels(bkt, base.Labels); err != nil {
return "", err
}
return actual, bkt.Put(bucketKeySize, sizeEncoded)
}
func (nw *namespacedWriter) Status() (st content.Status, err error) {
if nw.w != nil {
st, err = nw.w.Status()
} else {
st.Offset = nw.desc.Size
st.Total = nw.desc.Size
st.StartedAt = nw.started
st.UpdatedAt = nw.started
st.Expected = nw.desc.Digest
}
if err == nil {
st.Ref = nw.ref
}
return
}
func (cs *contentStore) ReaderAt(ctx context.Context, desc ocispec.Descriptor) (content.ReaderAt, error) {
if err := cs.checkAccess(ctx, desc.Digest); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return cs.Store.ReaderAt(ctx, desc)
}
func (cs *contentStore) checkAccess(ctx context.Context, dgst digest.Digest) error {
ns, err := namespaces.NamespaceRequired(ctx)
if err != nil {
return err
}
return view(ctx, cs.db, func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
bkt := getBlobBucket(tx, ns, dgst)
if bkt == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("content digest %v: %w", dgst, errdefs.ErrNotFound)
}
return nil
})
}
func isSharedContent(tx *bolt.Tx, dgst digest.Digest) bool {
v1bkt := tx.Bucket(bucketKeyVersion)
if v1bkt == nil {
return false
}
// iterate through each namespace
v1c := v1bkt.Cursor()
for nk, _ := v1c.First(); nk != nil; nk, _ = v1c.Next() {
ns := string(nk)
lbkt := getNamespaceLabelsBucket(tx, ns)
if lbkt == nil {
continue
}
if sharedNS := lbkt.Get([]byte(labels.LabelSharedNamespace)); sharedNS != nil && string(sharedNS) == "true" && getBlobBucket(tx, ns, dgst) != nil {
return true
}
}
return false
}
func validateInfo(info *content.Info) error {
for k, v := range info.Labels {
if err := labels.Validate(k, v); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("info.Labels: %w", err)
}
}
return nil
}
func readInfo(info *content.Info, bkt *bolt.Bucket) error {
if err := boltutil.ReadTimestamps(bkt, &info.CreatedAt, &info.UpdatedAt); err != nil {
return err
}
labels, err := boltutil.ReadLabels(bkt)
if err != nil {
return err
}
info.Labels = labels
if v := bkt.Get(bucketKeySize); len(v) > 0 {
info.Size, _ = binary.Varint(v)
}
return nil
}
func writeInfo(info *content.Info, bkt *bolt.Bucket) error {
if err := boltutil.WriteTimestamps(bkt, info.CreatedAt, info.UpdatedAt); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := boltutil.WriteLabels(bkt, info.Labels); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("writing labels for info %v: %w", info.Digest, err)
}
// Write size
sizeEncoded, err := encodeInt(info.Size)
if err != nil {
return err
}
return bkt.Put(bucketKeySize, sizeEncoded)
}
func readExpireAt(bkt *bolt.Bucket) (*time.Time, error) {
v := bkt.Get(bucketKeyExpireAt)
if v == nil {
return nil, nil
}
t := &time.Time{}
if err := t.UnmarshalBinary(v); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return t, nil
}
func writeExpireAt(expire time.Time, bkt *bolt.Bucket) error {
expireAt, err := expire.MarshalBinary()
if err != nil {
return err
}
return bkt.Put(bucketKeyExpireAt, expireAt)
}
// garbageCollect removes all contents that are no longer used.
func (cs *contentStore) garbageCollect(ctx context.Context) (d time.Duration, err error) {
cs.l.Lock()
t1 := time.Now()
defer func() {
if err == nil {
d = time.Since(t1)
}
cs.l.Unlock()
}()
contentSeen := map[string]struct{}{}
ingestSeen := map[string]struct{}{}
if err := cs.db.View(func(tx *bolt.Tx) error {
v1bkt := tx.Bucket(bucketKeyVersion)
if v1bkt == nil {
return nil
}
// iterate through each namespace
v1c := v1bkt.Cursor()
for k, v := v1c.First(); k != nil; k, v = v1c.Next() {
if v != nil {
continue
}
cbkt := v1bkt.Bucket(k).Bucket(bucketKeyObjectContent)
if cbkt == nil {
continue
}
bbkt := cbkt.Bucket(bucketKeyObjectBlob)
if bbkt != nil {
if err := bbkt.ForEach(func(ck, cv []byte) error {
if cv == nil {
contentSeen[string(ck)] = struct{}{}
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
return err
}
}
ibkt := cbkt.Bucket(bucketKeyObjectIngests)
if ibkt != nil {
if err := ibkt.ForEach(func(ref, v []byte) error {
if v == nil {
bkt := ibkt.Bucket(ref)
// expected here may be from a different namespace
// so much be explicitly retained from the ingest
// in case it was removed from the other namespace
expected := bkt.Get(bucketKeyExpected)
if len(expected) > 0 {
contentSeen[string(expected)] = struct{}{}
}
bref := bkt.Get(bucketKeyRef)
if len(bref) > 0 {
ingestSeen[string(bref)] = struct{}{}
}
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
return err
}
}
}
return nil
}); err != nil {
return 0, err
}
err = cs.Store.Walk(ctx, func(info content.Info) error {
if _, ok := contentSeen[info.Digest.String()]; !ok {
if err := cs.Store.Delete(ctx, info.Digest); err != nil {
return err
}
log.G(ctx).WithField("digest", info.Digest).Debug("removed content")
}
return nil
})
if err != nil {
return
}
// If the content store has implemented a more efficient walk function
// then use that else fallback to reading all statuses which may
// cause reading of unneeded metadata.
type statusWalker interface {
WalkStatusRefs(context.Context, func(string) error) error
}
if w, ok := cs.Store.(statusWalker); ok {
err = w.WalkStatusRefs(ctx, func(ref string) error {
if _, ok := ingestSeen[ref]; !ok {
if err := cs.Store.Abort(ctx, ref); err != nil {
return err
}
log.G(ctx).WithField("ref", ref).Debug("cleanup aborting ingest")
}
return nil
})
} else {
var statuses []content.Status
statuses, err = cs.Store.ListStatuses(ctx)
if err != nil {
return 0, err
}
for _, status := range statuses {
if _, ok := ingestSeen[status.Ref]; !ok {
if err = cs.Store.Abort(ctx, status.Ref); err != nil {
return
}
log.G(ctx).WithField("ref", status.Ref).Debug("cleanup aborting ingest")
}
}
}
return
}