dedicated to the traditional folksong

sounds-of-raine:

intheholler:

the appalachian murder ballad <3 one of the most interesting elements of americana and american folk, imo!

my wife recently gave me A Look when i had one playing in the car and she was like, “why do all of these old folk songs talk about killing people lmao” and i realized i wanted to Talk About It at length.

nerd shit under the cut, and it’s long. y'all been warned

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As a fellow lover of folk in general, and murder ballads specifically, I would love to offer some other recommendations for woman-friendly murder ballads. Most of these are very modern, but they are in the spirit of the ballads I grew up loving.

The River Knows-Molly Tuttle (A woman who knows she’s in a murder ballad turns things around)

Caleb Meyer- Gillian Welch (A woman gets assaulted and kills the man who attacked her)

Old Time Angels- Po Ramblin Boys (The women killed in murder ballads get vengeance)

Griesly Bride- McKain Lakey (A man who thought he’d married a sweet young girl has an unexpected wedding night)

And a selection of more classic ones (plus one modern) that are less happy for their female characters, but no less beautiful. I am sticking to female singers here, because OP is right that their versions usually hit better.

Well Below the Valley- Saya Novinger (This one is dark. Incest, child murder, and guilt abound)

Darlin Corey- Meredith Moon (The life and death of a moonshiner named Corey)

The Highwayman- Loreena McKennitt (A woman and her outlaw lover are killed by British soldiers)

The Cruel Brother- Maeve Mackinnon (A woman is murdered by her slighted brother on her wedding day)

Banks of the Ohio- Dolly Parton (A man recounts how he murdered his lover)

my niche interest! hello, I also have a lot to say about ballads!

Hm I’d like to suggest that folks not take these trends as hard rules, indicating omnidirectionality. I tend to think of ballads as open ammunition being tossed back and forth in the gender wars of oral tradition, flipping back and forth between viewpoints as different singers find ways to make them say different things.

Ballads were hardly a misogynist monolith-they were written by a range of individuals over a wide range of years, and many started out (far as we can tell) carrying women’s voices, or have older variants that told more complete and often more empowering versions of their tales that may contain acts of violence against women but that could not originally be condensed to just that feature. Not as a rule by any means, but they’re definitely a sizeable number of songs.

Some start out more feminist and lost their teeth over time, and some start out misogynist and gained more feminist frames. It’d be interesting to graph them all out over a timeline and see what trends emerge but also very difficult given the spiderwebbing of variants dating from different periods and going in different directions and the subjectivity of what counts as feminist or the reverse.

Anyhow here are some examples of songs that, far as I can tell, started out fairly feminist long before the 1940s:

Lady Isabel and the Elf Night: dates at least to the 17th c. Very similar to Pretty Polly and Omie Wise (okay also many others) plot wise but when Lady Isobel’s courting lover reveals all the other women he’s killed before, she kills him instead. Also there’s often a parrot.

Fair Annie, an adaptation of Marie de France’s late 12th c lai Le Fresne more. Where Annie, the mother of seven of her partner’s children, is told to step aside, put out the welcome mat, and feign maidenhood so that he can marry someone new and wealthy. Upon the new bride’s arrival she asks who Annie is and why she’s crying, then reveals “Oh, we’re sisters! Which means you can totally have my dowry and I’m not marrying that pos, you are, don’t worry, I’m going the hell home.” (emphasis mine but that’s basically it)

Broughty Wa’s, a Scottish song about outswimming your kidnapper while he sinks like a stone in your wake, known only from Amelia and Jane Harris, sisters who contributed to Child heavily and learned their repertoire from their mother who in turn learned them from “an aged nurse”. more

Lady of Loch Royan: most versions of Lord Gregory, as it’s known more often today, are the sad tale of a new mother knocking on her lover’s door in the rain asking to be let in, only to be turned away by his mother who tells her to jump in the sea, which she does and he wakes up and runs after her, but too late. The two very similar likely oldest versions are an Appalachian variant recorded by Jean Ritchie and the version aggregated by Sir Walter Scott in 1802, unlikely to have been contaminated by knowledge of each other, indicate, “we have here a truly remarkable instance of a unique version of a ballad appearing in two widely separated places 150 years apart” (source), which should serve to underline how often the Appalachian versions might well be the closer-to-original surviving versions of these songs rather than remaining English and Scottish ones, and how difficult they are to date.

Anyhow most of the modern versions of this I hear are highly truncated, just sad Annie crying sweet memories outside of Lord Gregory’s door then going off to drown, but the Sir Walter Scott version has her building a ship, meeting with robbers, breaking fairy charms, and being mistaken in her rain-soaked rage for a witch, warlock, or mermaid. I mean she still dies right soggily in despair (or in given how mad she seems in this version, possibly spite), but that’s something, surely. more

And not a child ballad but I want to note that the Pretty Polly linked above (there are a bunch of songs by that name, including Lady Isobel, confusingly) is descended from a longer murder ballad called The Cruel Ship’s Carpenter/ The Gosport Tragedy, which in it’s fuller form most often ends with Polly’s ghost appearing and tearing her killer into three pieces.

Ballads <3

*Also might I ask if it’s a typo on Twa Sisters going back to the 10th c rather than the 17th I’ve heard more often, or if I might learn more about that early source? I’m very curious (maybe the related folktale type goes back that far or farther?) Off the top of my head I think Judas is the earliest Child ballad in the 13th c so if there’s an earlier one I’d love to know.

(via softlyfiercely)