Lubna mo Kordoba

Ko seeɗa tan anndaa e nehdi Lubna, ko ɓuri heewde e nate gonɗe heen ɗee ko miijooji daartiyankooɓe e annduɓe tuugiiɗi e geɗe rewɓe wonɓe e darnde makko wootere e nder yontaaji teeminannde 11ɓiire to Al-Andalus.[4]

Lubna jibinaa ko e nder Madīnat al-Zahrā, e les laamu kaliifa Abd al-Rahman III, puɗɗinoongu e hitaande 929. E nder laamu makko, limoore maccuɓe e nder Kordoba ɓeydiima, Lubna ina jeyaa e maɓɓe gila e jibinannde mum.[2]. [5]

José Miguel Puerta Vílchez, mo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Granada, wiyi wonde baaba Lubna ko kaliifa Abdu Rahmaan III, ɗum noon ina addana mo wonde gooto e ɓiɓɓe makko rewɓe sappo e jeegom.[6] Hay so tawii binndanɗe ina kollita inɗe ɓiɓɓe makko worɓe 11, inɗe ɓiɓɓe makko rewɓe ɓee ina keddii e winndaade, so wonaa ɓiɓɓe rewɓe Hind e Wallada.[7] Ɓiɓɓe kaliifa ɓee ɓuri heewde ko yumma mum en maccuɓe e nder galle laamɗo oo; yeru gooto ko Al-Hakam II, ɓiy Abd al-Rahman III, ronooɓe jappeere laamu, jibinaaɗo e Marjan, mawni e nder galle laamorɗo, yahri yeeso e golloraade Lubna e nder defterdu.[8][9][1] 10]

Lubna ina sikka ina joginoo jaŋde moƴƴere e nder nguurndam mum fof ngam waawde wonde caggal ɗuum ganndo e ganndo e nder galle kaliifa.[5] Yanti heen, won heen ko diineeji mbaɗi ko ɓuri heewde e golle jannginde, rimɗinde, e gollinde maccuɓe e les njiimaandi juulɓe.[11]

Lubna fuɗɗii ko e binndol defterdu Al-Hakam II, ummiiɗo e laamu kaliifa e hitaande 961.[12]

E wiyde daartol aarabeeɓe[ko?], e jamaanu Kaliifa Al-Hakam II, ko ina ɓura 170 debbo jannguɗo ina mbaawi taweede e won e gure wuro ngoo ; ɓeen rewɓe ngonnoo ko e waɗde koppiiji binndanɗe nafooje.[13] Ɗuum ina rokka miijo e pinal e darnde rewɓe e laamu Kaliifa.[14]

Al-Hakam II rewi e laawol baaba mum, o woppi Lubna, o toɗɗii ɗum binndoowo makko jooɗiiɗo e ganndo.[5] Ina jeyaa e golle keewɗe, Lubna kadi ina joginoo defterdu, ndu o woni karallo sabu humpito makko e binndol binndanɗe ɗe o joginoo.[15]

Lubna ina jeyaa e ko famɗi fof 100 neɗɗo ɓe Al-Hakam II rimɗini e maccungaagu hade mum e caggal maayde mum. So tawiino o rokkaama kaayitaaji bayyinooji ndimaagu makko, o jeyaa ko e renndo "ndimaagu" (mawla, mawali) renndo juulɓe. E nder teeminannde 11ɓiire Al-Andalus, ko huunde nde heewaani yiyeede, wonnooɓe maccuɓe laamɗo ina keɓa darnde laamu, tee ina keewi hoolaade ko ɓuri politikaaji nokkuuji ɗii.[4][5]

E nder defterdu Córdoba, Lubna ina joginoo fijirde, winndude e firo binndanɗe keewɗe. O janngii ɗeen binndanɗe, o winndi heen firooji e teskuyaaji nafooji. Won e binndanɗe ɗee ina njeyaa heen binndanɗe Arkimedes e Euclid.[5] E wondude e Hasdai ibn Shaprut, ko kanko woni doole sosde defterdu lollundu Madiina Azahara, ndu ko famɗi fof 400 000 deftere.[16][17]

Doktoor Joyce E. Salisbury, mo duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Wisconsin, to Green Bay, siftinii jokkondiral Lubna e renndo ngo caggal mahe galle laamorɗo. O janngini sukaaɓe hiisa, nde o arti e nder galle laamorɗo, ɓe njokka e makko e janngude taƴe limto.[5]

O jeyaa kadi ko e saggitorde nguurndam annduɓe Espaañ lislaam, ‘Jokkude daartol ganndal al-Andalus’ (Kitāb al-ṣila fī taʾrīkh aʾimmat al-Andalus, Arab: كتفق وأحدلسدهم )اريخ أثائمة .[18] Ɗoo o siforaama ko "winndiyanke hakkille, ganndo grammar, jimoowo, ganndo hiisa, kuuɓtodinɗo e jaŋde makko; hay gooto e nder galle laamorɗo oo wonaano tedduɗo no makko nii...",[4] ko o jogiiɗo "ganndal mawngal e hiisa e gannde goɗɗe kadi",[11] e wonde ganndo gannde laaɓtuɗe, e mbaawka safrude "caɗeele joometiri e aljebra ɓurɗe saɗtude anndaaɗe e jamaanu makko."[19]

Naamne keewɗe ina ngoodi jowitiiɗe e ngonka Lubna e darnde mum e nder defterdu e galle laamorɗo Madīnat al-Zahrā.

Hay so tawii noon mbaydiiji innde makko ina tawee e nder daartol ceertungol, ina kawri no feewi to bannge sahaa, nokku, e darnde e nder galle laamorɗo.[4] Lubna tawaama kadi e inɗe Labna, Labanna/Labana,[19] Libana,[20] e Labona[21] e nder daartol ceertungol.

No winndiyanke Kamila Shamsie holliri nii, "Ko nanndi e laaɓal e Lubna mo Cordoba ko wonde o jokkondirii e galle laamorɗo oo e aduna defte ɗee fof e laamu al-Hakam II, kadi o wonnoo ko maantiniiɗo haa o siftortee e makko."

hakkille e janngude."[4] O hollitii kadi wonde Lubna ɓuri waawde wonde ko maccuɗo e nder galle laamorɗo, o seerti e miijo ngo Lubna woni Faatimiyanke noddaango e galle laamorɗo ngam heɓde defte keertiiɗe.

Ko o binndoowo keeriiɗo Al-Hakam II, daartol Lubna wonde kam e golle defterdu nduu e keɓgol defte to Kayhayɗi, Damas e Bagdaad, wonata ko huunde nde waawataa waɗde, sibu o foti ko yaltude defterdu nduu e ɓanndu makko e nder dumunna juutɗo e wakkati yahdu.[5]

Shamsie wiyi wonde Lubna ina waawi wonde rewɓe ɗiɗo ceertuɓe, Lubna e Faatima – ɓe kawri e debbo gooto sabu daartoowo toppitiiɗo oo waawaano faamde wonde ina woodi rewɓe ɗiɗo annduɓe e nder ñaawirdu wooturu.[22] Lubna e Faatima ina ciforee wonde yimɓe ɗiɗo ceertuɓe e nder daartol keewngol, ko wayi no e nder daartol Espaañ lislaam ngol Syed Azizur Rahmad winndi [23] e “La corteza de la letra” ngol Marietta Gargatagli winndi.

Laabi gooto to Kordoba inniraama e hitaande 2019, Avenida Escriba Lubna, ngam siftorde golle makko e koppi. O jeyaa ko e rewɓe capanɗe tato e tato anndiraaɓe e nder eɓɓoore porfeseer Inmaculada Serrano Hernández, "Mujeres en las Calles de Córdoba" (‘Rewɓe e nder laabi Kordoba’).[25] Eɓɓoore ndee sosaa ko e ballondiral e Casa Árabe, e Catal jannginooɓe Kordoba, e Duɗal Andaluz e Mujer, e Ayuntamiento Kordoba ƴelliti ɗum.[26][27]

Naalanke oo, hono Jose Luis Munoz, waɗii natal mum Lubna. Sereeji makko ina njokki e yimɓe jeegom teeŋtuɓe e jamaanu Al-Andalus.[28] Natal Lubna ina tawee e koolol duumingol La Casa de Sefarad to Kordoba.[29]

Essay to BBC Radio 3 hollirii yeewtere ko faati e yonta kaŋŋe lislaam. E nder yeewtere wootere, winndiyanke biyeteeɗo Kamila Shamsie ina yuurnitoo nguurndam Lubna mo Kordoba [30].

Daartoowo e winndiyanke Espaañnaajo biyeteeɗo Jorge Lorente Pérez ina siftina nguurndam Lubna mo Kordoba e nder daartol mum « Tablo keewal ngal alaa keerol » (LORENTE PÉREZ, Jorge : « La tabla de multiplicaire infinite », 101 relatos de la enseñanza, Vinatea, Valencia420 -48, 978-84-127468-6-0).

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