Europe PMC
Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

Europe PMC requires Javascript to function effectively.

Either your web browser doesn't support Javascript or it is currently turned off. In the latter case, please turn on Javascript support in your web browser and reload this page.

This website requires cookies, and the limited processing of your personal data in order to function. By using the site you are agreeing to this as outlined in our privacy notice and cookie policy.

Endocytosis is required for the growth of vacuolar H(+)-ATPase-defective yeast: identification of six new END genes.

Author information

Affiliations

  • 1. Department of Biochemistry, Biozentrum of the University of Basel, Switzerland.
      Authors
    • Munn AL 1
    (1 author)

ORCIDs linked to this article

The Journal of Cell Biology, 01 Oct 1994, 127(2):373-386
https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.127.2.373 PMID: 7929582 PMCID: PMC2120207

This article is in the Europe PMC Open access subset. Refer to the copyright information in the article for licensing details.
Free full text in Europe PMC

Abstract 

Yeast mutants that are defective in acidification of the lysosome-like vacuole are able to grow at pH 5.5, but not at pH 7. Here, we present evidence that endocytosis is required for this low pH-dependent growth and use this observation to develop a screen for mutants defective in endocytosis. By isolating mutants that cannot grow when they lack the 60-kD vacuolar ATPase subunit (encoded by the VAT2 gene), we isolated a number of vat2-synthetic lethal (Vsl-) mutant strains. Seven of the Vsl- mutants are defective in endocytosis. Four of these mutant strains (end8-1, end9-1, end10-1, and end11-1) show altered uptake of the endocytosed ligand, alpha-factor, and three (end12-1, end12-2, and end13-1) are probably defective in transfer of internalized material to the vacuole. Most of the mutations also confer a strong Ts- growth defect. The mutants defective in uptake of alpha-factor sort newly synthesized vacuolar proteins correctly, while those which may be defective in subsequent transport steps secrete at least a fraction of the newly synthesized soluble vacuolar proteins. The mutations that result in a defect in alpha-factor uptake are not allelic to any of the genes previously shown to encode endocytic functions.

Free full text 

Logo of jcellbiolLink to Publisher's site
J Cell Biol. 1994 Oct 2; 127(2): 373–386.
PMCID: PMC2120207
PMID: 7929582

Endocytosis is required for the growth of vacuolar H(+)-ATPase- defective yeast: identification of six new END genes

Copyright and License information Disclaimer

Abstract

Yeast mutants that are defective in acidification of the lysosome-like vacuole are able to grow at pH 5.5, but not at pH 7. Here, we present evidence that endocytosis is required for this low pH-dependent growth and use this observation to develop a screen for mutants defective in endocytosis. By isolating mutants that cannot grow when they lack the 60-kD vacuolar ATPase subunit (encoded by the VAT2 gene), we isolated a number of vat2-synthetic lethal (Vsl-) mutant strains. Seven of the Vsl- mutants are defective in endocytosis. Four of these mutant strains (end8-1, end9-1, end10-1, and end11-1) show altered uptake of the endocytosed ligand, alpha-factor, and three (end12-1, end12-2, and end13-1) are probably defective in transfer of internalized material to the vacuole. Most of the mutations also confer a strong Ts- growth defect. The mutants defective in uptake of alpha-factor sort newly synthesized vacuolar proteins correctly, while those which may be defective in subsequent transport steps secrete at least a fraction of the newly synthesized soluble vacuolar proteins. The mutations that result in a defect in alpha-factor uptake are not allelic to any of the genes previously shown to encode endocytic functions.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (2.8M).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
  • Adams AE, Botstein D, Drubin DG. Requirement of yeast fimbrin for actin organization and morphogenesis in vivo. Nature. 1991 Dec 5;354(6352):404–408. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Anderson RG, Brown MS, Goldstein JL. Role of the coated endocytic vesicle in the uptake of receptor-bound low density lipoprotein in human fibroblasts. Cell. 1977 Mar;10(3):351–364. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Banta LM, Robinson JS, Klionsky DJ, Emr SD. Organelle assembly in yeast: characterization of yeast mutants defective in vacuolar biogenesis and protein sorting. J Cell Biol. 1988 Oct;107(4):1369–1383. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Boeke JD, LaCroute F, Fink GR. A positive selection for mutants lacking orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase activity in yeast: 5-fluoro-orotic acid resistance. Mol Gen Genet. 1984;197(2):345–346. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Chvatchko Y, Howald I, Riezman H. Two yeast mutants defective in endocytosis are defective in pheromone response. Cell. 1986 Aug 1;46(3):355–364. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Davis NG, Horecka JL, Sprague GF., Jr Cis- and trans-acting functions required for endocytosis of the yeast pheromone receptors. J Cell Biol. 1993 Jul;122(1):53–65. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Davis TN. A temperature-sensitive calmodulin mutant loses viability during mitosis. J Cell Biol. 1992 Aug;118(3):607–617. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Dulić V, Riezman H. Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants lacking a functional vacuole are defective for aspects of the pheromone response. J Cell Sci. 1990 Nov;97(Pt 3):517–525. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Dulic V, Egerton M, Elguindi I, Raths S, Singer B, Riezman H. Yeast endocytosis assays. Methods Enzymol. 1991;194:697–710. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Griffiths G, Gruenberg J. The arguments for pre-existing early and late endosomes. Trends Cell Biol. 1991 Jul;1(1):5–9. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Griffiths G, Hoflack B, Simons K, Mellman I, Kornfeld S. The mannose 6-phosphate receptor and the biogenesis of lysosomes. Cell. 1988 Feb 12;52(3):329–341. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Hansen SH, Sandvig K, van Deurs B. Molecules internalized by clathrin-independent endocytosis are delivered to endosomes containing transferrin receptors. J Cell Biol. 1993 Oct;123(1):89–97. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Herman PK, Stack JH, Emr SD. An essential role for a protein and lipid kinase complex in secretory protein sorting. Trends Cell Biol. 1992 Dec;2(12):363–368. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Hiles ID, Otsu M, Volinia S, Fry MJ, Gout I, Dhand R, Panayotou G, Ruiz-Larrea F, Thompson A, Totty NF, et al. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase: structure and expression of the 110 kd catalytic subunit. Cell. 1992 Aug 7;70(3):419–429. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Ho MN, Hirata R, Umemoto N, Ohya Y, Takatsuki A, Stevens TH, Anraku Y. VMA13 encodes a 54-kDa vacuolar H(+)-ATPase subunit required for activity but not assembly of the enzyme complex in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 1993 Aug 25;268(24):18286–18292. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Hopkins CR, Trowbridge IS. Internalization and processing of transferrin and the transferrin receptor in human carcinoma A431 cells. J Cell Biol. 1983 Aug;97(2):508–521. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Horazdovsky BF, Busch GR, Emr SD. VPS21 encodes a rab5-like GTP binding protein that is required for the sorting of yeast vacuolar proteins. EMBO J. 1994 Mar 15;13(6):1297–1309. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Ito H, Fukuda Y, Murata K, Kimura A. Transformation of intact yeast cells treated with alkali cations. J Bacteriol. 1983 Jan;153(1):163–168. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Jenness DD, Spatrick P. Down regulation of the alpha-factor pheromone receptor in S. cerevisiae. Cell. 1986 Aug 1;46(3):345–353. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Klionsky DJ, Herman PK, Emr SD. The fungal vacuole: composition, function, and biogenesis. Microbiol Rev. 1990 Sep;54(3):266–292. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Kornfeld S, Mellman I. The biogenesis of lysosomes. Annu Rev Cell Biol. 1989;5:483–525. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Kübler E, Riezman H. Actin and fimbrin are required for the internalization step of endocytosis in yeast. EMBO J. 1993 Jul;12(7):2855–2862. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Laemmli UK. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Manolson MF, Wu B, Proteau D, Taillon BE, Roberts BT, Hoyt MA, Jones EW. STV1 gene encodes functional homologue of 95-kDa yeast vacuolar H(+)-ATPase subunit Vph1p. J Biol Chem. 1994 May 13;269(19):14064–14074. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Munn AL, Silveira L, Elgort M, Payne GS. Viability of clathrin heavy-chain-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae is compromised by mutations at numerous loci: implications for the suppression hypothesis. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Aug;11(8):3868–3878. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Murphy RF. Maturation models for endosome and lysosome biogenesis. Trends Cell Biol. 1991 Oct;1(4):77–82. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Nelson H, Nelson N. Disruption of genes encoding subunits of yeast vacuolar H(+)-ATPase causes conditional lethality. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 May;87(9):3503–3507. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Nelson H, Mandiyan S, Nelson N. A conserved gene encoding the 57-kDa subunit of the yeast vacuolar H+-ATPase. J Biol Chem. 1989 Jan 25;264(3):1775–1778. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Novick P, Botstein D. Phenotypic analysis of temperature-sensitive yeast actin mutants. Cell. 1985 Feb;40(2):405–416. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Panayotou G, Waterfield MD. Phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase: a key enzyme in diverse signalling processes. Trends Cell Biol. 1992 Dec;2(12):358–360. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Payne GS, Baker D, van Tuinen E, Schekman R. Protein transport to the vacuole and receptor-mediated endocytosis by clathrin heavy chain-deficient yeast. J Cell Biol. 1988 May;106(5):1453–1461. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Pearse BM, Robinson MS. Clathrin, adaptors, and sorting. Annu Rev Cell Biol. 1990;6:151–171. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Raths S, Rohrer J, Crausaz F, Riezman H. end3 and end4: two mutants defective in receptor-mediated and fluid-phase endocytosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Cell Biol. 1993 Jan;120(1):55–65. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Raymond CK, Howald-Stevenson I, Vater CA, Stevens TH. Morphological classification of the yeast vacuolar protein sorting mutants: evidence for a prevacuolar compartment in class E vps mutants. Mol Biol Cell. 1992 Dec;3(12):1389–1402. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Riezman H. Endocytosis in yeast: several of the yeast secretory mutants are defective in endocytosis. Cell. 1985 Apr;40(4):1001–1009. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Roberts CJ, Raymond CK, Yamashiro CT, Stevens TH. Methods for studying the yeast vacuole. Methods Enzymol. 1991;194:644–661. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Rothman JH, Yamashiro CT, Kane PM, Stevens TH. Protein targeting to the yeast vacuole. Trends Biochem Sci. 1989 Aug;14(8):347–350. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Schimmöller F, Riezman H. Involvement of Ypt7p, a small GTPase, in traffic from late endosome to the vacuole in yeast. J Cell Sci. 1993 Nov;106(Pt 3):823–830. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Silveira LA, Wong DH, Masiarz FR, Schekman R. Yeast clathrin has a distinctive light chain that is important for cell growth. J Cell Biol. 1990 Oct;111(4):1437–1449. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Singer B, Riezman H. Detection of an intermediate compartment involved in transport of alpha-factor from the plasma membrane to the vacuole in yeast. J Cell Biol. 1990 Jun;110(6):1911–1922. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Singer-Krüger B, Frank R, Crausaz F, Riezman H. Partial purification and characterization of early and late endosomes from yeast. Identification of four novel proteins. J Biol Chem. 1993 Jul 5;268(19):14376–14386. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Singer-Krüger B, Stenmark H, Düsterhöft A, Philippsen P, Yoo JS, Gallwitz D, Zerial M. Role of three rab5-like GTPases, Ypt51p, Ypt52p, and Ypt53p, in the endocytic and vacuolar protein sorting pathways of yeast. J Cell Biol. 1994 Apr;125(2):283–298. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Steinman RM, Mellman IS, Muller WA, Cohn ZA. Endocytosis and the recycling of plasma membrane. J Cell Biol. 1983 Jan;96(1):1–27. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Swanson JA, Yirinec BD, Silverstein SC. Phorbol esters and horseradish peroxidase stimulate pinocytosis and redirect the flow of pinocytosed fluid in macrophages. J Cell Biol. 1985 Mar;100(3):851–859. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Tan PK, Davis NG, Sprague GF, Payne GS. Clathrin facilitates the internalization of seven transmembrane segment receptors for mating pheromones in yeast. J Cell Biol. 1993 Dec;123(6 Pt 2):1707–1716. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Vida TA, Huyer G, Emr SD. Yeast vacuolar proenzymes are sorted in the late Golgi complex and transported to the vacuole via a prevacuolar endosome-like compartment. J Cell Biol. 1993 Jun;121(6):1245–1256. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Wichmann H, Hengst L, Gallwitz D. Endocytosis in yeast: evidence for the involvement of a small GTP-binding protein (Ypt7p). Cell. 1992 Dec 24;71(7):1131–1142. [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
  • Yamashiro CT, Kane PM, Wolczyk DF, Preston RA, Stevens TH. Role of vacuolar acidification in protein sorting and zymogen activation: a genetic analysis of the yeast vacuolar proton-translocating ATPase. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Jul;10(7):3737–3749. [Europe PMC free article] [Abstract] [Google Scholar]
Articles from The Journal of Cell Biology are provided here courtesy of The Rockefeller University Press

Full text links 

Read article at publisher's site: https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.127.2.373

Read article for free, from open access legal sources, via Unpaywall: https://rupress.org/jcb/article-pdf/127/2/373/1401415/373.pdfUnpaywall

Citations & impact 

Impact metrics

171
Citations
Jump to Citations
10
Data citations
Jump to Data

Citations of article over time

Smart citations by scite.ai
Smart citations by scite.ai include citation statements extracted from the full text of the citing article. The number of the statements may be higher than the number of citations provided by EuropePMC if one paper cites another multiple times or lower if scite has not yet processed some of the citing articles.
Explore citation contexts and check if this article has been supported or disputed.
https://scite.ai/reports/10.1083/jcb.127.2.373

Supporting
Mentioning
Contrasting
11
250
0

Article citations

Go to all (171) article citations

Data 

Similar Articles 

To arrive at the top five similar articles we use a word-weighted algorithm to compare words from the Title and Abstract of each citation.