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International Journal of Colorectal Disease
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Table 3
The major inflammatory pathways involved in colitis-associated colorectal cancer and their inhibitor drugs
Inflammatory pathway | Target molecules | Inhibitor drugs | References |
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IL-6/STAT3 pathway | IL-6, STAT3 | Tocilizumab, siltuximab, ruxolitinib | [99] |
NF-kB pathway | NF-kB, TNF-α | Infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab | [100, 101] |
COX-2 pathway | COX-2, PGE2 | Celecoxib | [102, 103] |
Wnt pathway | β-Catenin, APC | Wnt inhibitors (e.g., PRI-724, LGK-974) | [104] |
TGF-β pathway | TGF-β, SMAD | Galunisertib, LY2157299 | [105, 106] |
PI3K/Akt pathway | PI3K, Akt | PI3K inhibitors (e.g., GDC-0941, BKM120) | [107, 108] |
MAPK pathway | MEK, ERK | MEK inhibitors (e.g., trametinib, selumetinib) | [109, 110] |