vihma
See also: Vihma
Estonian
editNoun
editvihma
Finnish
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *vihma (“rain”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editvihma
Declension
editInflection of vihma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | vihma | vihmat | |
genitive | vihman | vihmojen | |
partitive | vihmaa | vihmoja | |
illative | vihmaan | vihmoihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vihma | vihmat | |
accusative | nom. | vihma | vihmat |
gen. | vihman | ||
genitive | vihman | vihmojen vihmain rare | |
partitive | vihmaa | vihmoja | |
inessive | vihmassa | vihmoissa | |
elative | vihmasta | vihmoista | |
illative | vihmaan | vihmoihin | |
adessive | vihmalla | vihmoilla | |
ablative | vihmalta | vihmoilta | |
allative | vihmalle | vihmoille | |
essive | vihmana | vihmoina | |
translative | vihmaksi | vihmoiksi | |
abessive | vihmatta | vihmoitta | |
instructive | — | vihmoin | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms
editcompounds
Further reading
edit- “vihma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04
Ingrian
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *vihma. Cognates include Finnish vihma and Estonian vihm.
Pronunciation
edit- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈʋihmɑ/, [ˈʋihm]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈʋihmɑ/, [ˈʋihmɑ]
- Rhymes: -ihm, -ihmɑ
- Hyphenation: vih‧ma
Noun
editvihma
- rain
- 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 30:
- Sattaa vihmaa.
- It's raining.
- (literally, “It is precipitating rain.”)
Declension
editDeclension of vihma (type 3/koira, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | vihma | vihmat |
genitive | vihman | vihmiin |
partitive | vihmaa | vihmia |
illative | vihmaa | vihmii |
inessive | vihmaas | vihmiis |
elative | vihmast | vihmist |
allative | vihmalle | vihmille |
adessive | vihmaal | vihmiil |
ablative | vihmalt | vihmilt |
translative | vihmaks | vihmiks |
essive | vihmanna, vihmaan | vihminna, vihmiin |
exessive1) | vihmant | vihmint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- Fedor Tumansky (1790) “вигма”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 677
- V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[2], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 82
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 665
Karelian
editNorth Karelian (Viena) |
vihma |
---|---|
South Karelian (Tver) |
vihma |
Etymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *vihma. Cognates include Finnish vihma and Estonian vihm.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editvihma (genitive vihman, partitive vihmua, diminutive vihmani/vihmane)
Declension
editViena Karelian declension of vihma (type 4/kala, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vihma | vihmat | |
genitive | vihman | vihmojen | |
partitive | vihmua | vihmoja | |
illative | vihmah | vihmoih | |
inessive | vihmašša | vihmoissa | |
elative | vihmašta | vihmoista | |
adessive | vihmalla | vihmoilla | |
ablative | vihmalta | vihmoilta | |
translative | vihmakši | vihmoiksi | |
essive | vihmana | vihmoina | |
comitative | — | vihmoineh | |
abessive | vihmatta | vihmoitta |
Tver Karelian declension of vihma (type 4/kala no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | vihma | vihmat | |
genitive | vihman | vihmoin | |
partitive | vihmua | vihmoida | |
illative | vihmah | vihmoih | |
inessive | vihmašša | vihmoissa | |
elative | vihmašta | vihmoista | |
adessive | vihmalla | vihmoilla | |
ablative | vihmalda | vihmoilda | |
translative | vihmakši | vihmoiksi | |
essive | vihmana | vihmoina | |
comitative | vihmanke | vihmoinke | |
abessive | vihmatta | vihmoitta |
Possessive forms of vihma | ||
---|---|---|
1st person | vihmani | |
2nd person | vihmaš | |
3rd person | vihmah | |
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses. |
Synonyms
edit- (North Karelian) šaje
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- A. V. Punzhina (1994) “vihma”, in Словарь карельского языка (тверские говоры) [Dictionary of the Karelian language (Tver dialects)], →ISBN
- P. Zaykov, L. Rugoyeva (1999) “vihma”, in Карельско-Русский словарь (Северно-Карельские диалекты) [Karelian-Russian dictionary (North Karelian dialects)], Petrozavodsk, →ISBN
Categories:
- Estonian non-lemma forms
- Estonian noun forms
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ihmɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/ihmɑ/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish kala-type nominals
- fi:Weather
- fi:Shrubs
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ihm
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ihm/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ihmɑ
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ihmɑ/2 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian nouns
- Ingrian terms with quotations
- izh:Weather
- izh:Water
- Karelian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Karelian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Karelian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Karelian lemmas
- Karelian nouns
- krl:Weather
- krl:Water