trom
Danish
editVerb
edittrom
- imperative of tromme
Dutch
editPronunciation
editAudio: (file)
Noun
edittrom f or m (plural trommen, diminutive trommetje n)
Synonyms
editDescendants
edit- Berbice Creole Dutch: trom
Anagrams
editFaroese
editPronunciation
editNoun
edittrom f (genitive singular tramar, plural tremur)
Inflection
editDeclension of trom | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
f9 | singular | plural | ||
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | trom | tromin | tremur | tremurnar |
accusative | trom | tromina | tremur | tremurnar |
dative | trom | tromini | tromum | tromunum |
genitive | tramar | tramarinnar | trama | tramanna |
Irish
editPronunciation
edit- (Munster) IPA(key): /t̪ˠɾˠoumˠ/, /t̪ˠɾˠɑumˠ/[1]
- (Galway) IPA(key): /t̪ˠɾˠuːmˠ/
- (Mayo) IPA(key): /t̪ˠɾˠʊmˠ/
- (Ulster) IPA(key): /t̪ˠɾˠʌmˠ/[2]
Etymology 1
editFrom Old Irish trom (“heavy”),[3] from Proto-Celtic *trummos (compare Welsh trwm).
Adjective
edittrom (genitive singular masculine trom, genitive singular feminine troime, plural troma, comparative troime)
Declension
editsingular | plural (m/f) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Positive | masculine | feminine | (strong noun) | (weak noun) |
nominative | trom | throm | troma; throma2 | |
vocative | throm | troma | ||
genitive | troime | troma | trom | |
dative | trom; throm1 |
throm | troma; throma2 | |
Comparative | níos troime | |||
Superlative | is troime |
1 When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
2 When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.
Antonyms
editDerived terms
editNoun
edittrom m (genitive singular trom, nominative plural troma)
- weight
- a weight; burden, oppression
- (abstract) weight
- bulk, preponderance
- importance
- blame, censure
Declension
edit
|
Etymology 2
editFrom Old Irish trom (“elder-tree”).[4]
Noun
edittrom m (genitive singular troim, nominative plural troim)
- elder (tree, bush)
Declension
edit
|
Derived terms
editMutation
editradical | lenition | eclipsis |
---|---|---|
trom | throm | dtrom |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
edit- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 199, page 100
- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 291, page 104
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “3 trom”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 trom”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Further reading
edit- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “trom”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Middle English
editNoun
edittrom
- Alternative form of trome
Old Irish
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Celtic *trummos (compare Welsh trwm).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
edittrom
- heavy (weight)
- heavy, severe, grievous, difficult
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 14d17
- coní árim-se peccad libsi uili, ꝉ ara·tart-sa fortacht dúibsi, arnap trom fuirib for n‑oínur
- so that I may not count sin with you all, or so that I may give aid to you lest it be heavy on you by yourselves
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 14d17
- (by extension) sad, sorrowful
- great, vast, powerful, mighty
Inflection
edito/ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | trom | trom | trom |
Vocative | truim* trom** | ||
Accusative | trom | truim | |
Genitive | truim | truime | truim |
Dative | trom | truim | trom |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
Nominative | truim | troma | |
Vocative | tromu troma† | ||
Accusative | tromu troma† | ||
Genitive | trom | ||
Dative | tromaib | ||
Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative |
Derived terms
editDescendants
editNoun
edittrom n
Inflection
editNeuter o-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | tromN | tromN | tromL, troma |
Vocative | tromN | tromN | tromL, troma |
Accusative | tromN | tromN | tromL, troma |
Genitive | truimL | trom | tromN |
Dative | tromL | tromaib | tromaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Derived terms
editMutation
editradical | lenition | nasalization |
---|---|---|
trom | throm | trom pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/ |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
Further reading
edit- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “3 trom”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Portuguese
editEtymology
editFrom Old Galician-Portuguese trõo, from trõar, or alternatively from Latin tonus (“thunderclap; sound, tone”), probably through a Late Latin or Vulgar Latin form *tronus, influenced by *tronitus < tonitrus. Compare Galician trono, Spanish trueno, Catalan tro, Occitan tron. See also tom, a possible doublet.
Pronunciation
edit
Noun
edittrom m (plural trons)
Scottish Gaelic
editEtymology
editFrom Old Irish trom, from Proto-Celtic *trummos (compare Welsh trwm).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
edittrom (comparative truime)
- heavy
- hard, difficult
- weighty, serious
- depressed, melancholy
- addicted
- Tha e trom air òl. / Tha e trom air an deoch. ― He's a heavy drinker.
- Tha mi trom air an tombaca. ― I'm a heavy smoker.
- (typography) bold
- clò trom ― bold type
- pregnant (with child)
Usage notes
edit- In connection with "love" can precede (and lenite) the noun:
- Ghabh e trom ghaol oirre. ― He fell madly in love with her.
Synonyms
edit- (pregnant): torrach
Antonyms
editDerived terms
editSerbo-Croatian
editPronunciation
editAdjective
edittrȍm (Cyrillic spelling тро̏м, definite trȍmī, comparative tromiji)
Declension
editsingular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | trom | troma | tromo | |
genitive | troma | trome | troma | |
dative | tromu | tromoj | tromu | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
trom troma |
tromu | tromo |
vocative | trom | troma | tromo | |
locative | tromu | tromoj | tromu | |
instrumental | tromim | tromom | tromim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | tromi | trome | troma | |
genitive | tromih | tromih | tromih | |
dative | tromim(a) | tromim(a) | tromim(a) | |
accusative | trome | trome | troma | |
vocative | tromi | trome | troma | |
locative | tromim(a) | tromim(a) | tromim(a) | |
instrumental | tromim(a) | tromim(a) | tromim(a) |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | tromi | troma | tromo | |
genitive | tromog(a) | trome | tromog(a) | |
dative | tromom(u/e) | tromoj | tromom(u/e) | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
tromi tromog(a) |
tromu | tromo |
vocative | tromi | troma | tromo | |
locative | tromom(e/u) | tromoj | tromom(e/u) | |
instrumental | tromim | tromom | tromim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | tromi | trome | troma | |
genitive | tromih | tromih | tromih | |
dative | tromim(a) | tromim(a) | tromim(a) | |
accusative | trome | trome | troma | |
vocative | tromi | trome | troma | |
locative | tromim(a) | tromim(a) | tromim(a) | |
instrumental | tromim(a) | tromim(a) | tromim(a) |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | tromiji | tromija | tromije | |
genitive | tromijeg(a) | tromije | tromijeg(a) | |
dative | tromijem(u) | tromijoj | tromijem(u) | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
tromiji tromijeg(a) |
tromiju | tromije |
vocative | tromiji | tromija | tromije | |
locative | tromijem(u) | tromijoj | tromijem(u) | |
instrumental | tromijim | tromijom | tromijim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | tromiji | tromije | tromija | |
genitive | tromijih | tromijih | tromijih | |
dative | tromijim(a) | tromijim(a) | tromijim(a) | |
accusative | tromije | tromije | tromija | |
vocative | tromiji | tromije | tromija | |
locative | tromijim(a) | tromijim(a) | tromijim(a) | |
instrumental | tromijim(a) | tromijim(a) | tromijim(a) |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | najtromiji | najtromija | najtromije | |
genitive | najtromijeg(a) | najtromije | najtromijeg(a) | |
dative | najtromijem(u) | najtromijoj | najtromijem(u) | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
najtromiji najtromijeg(a) |
najtromiju | najtromije |
vocative | najtromiji | najtromija | najtromije | |
locative | najtromijem(u) | najtromijoj | najtromijem(u) | |
instrumental | najtromijim | najtromijom | najtromijim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | najtromiji | najtromije | najtromija | |
genitive | najtromijih | najtromijih | najtromijih | |
dative | najtromijim(a) | najtromijim(a) | najtromijim(a) | |
accusative | najtromije | najtromije | najtromija | |
vocative | najtromiji | najtromije | najtromija | |
locative | najtromijim(a) | najtromijim(a) | najtromijim(a) | |
instrumental | najtromijim(a) | najtromijim(a) | najtromijim(a) |
Welsh
editPronunciation
editAdjective
edittrom
Mutation
editradical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
---|---|---|---|
trom | drom | nhrom | throm |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
- ^ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
- ^ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)[1], Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
- ^ Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937) The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
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