sa

sa

1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Sanskrit.

sa

1. woman

• transnewguinea.org, citing D. C. Laycock, Languages of the Lumi Subdistrict (West Sepik District), New Guinea (1968), Oceanic Linguistics, 7 (1): 36-66

From Proto-Chamic *sa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.

• IPA^(key): /sa/

sa

1. one

sa (Kana spelling サ)

1. elder sister

   Synonym: nanna

• John Batchelor (1905) An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language)‎^[3], Tokyo, London: Methodist Publishing House; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner Co., page 385
• Vovin, Alexander V. (2016) “On the Linguistic Prehistory of Hokkaidō”, in Gruzdeva Ekaterina, Janhunen Juha, editors, Crosslinguistics and Linguistic Crossings in Northeast Asia. Papers on the Languages of Sakhalin and Adjacent Regions (Studia Orientalia; 117), Helsinki, pages 29–38

From Proto-Albanian *si-a, a combination of two pronominal members, Proto-Indo-European *kʷih₂ and *h₂ew-/*h₂en-. Alternatively from Proto-Albanian *tšja^[1] or, as per Meyer, from Greek σαν (san, “when, whenever”).^[2]

sa

1. how much

• sasi

• IPA^(key): /sa/

sa

1. rain

• IPA^(key): /sʰa/

sa (Bengali script সা)

1. one

• rongsa
• wan
• eek

• van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.

From Proto-Bahnaric *caː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *caʔ (“to eat”); cognate with Halang cha, Koho saa, Semai ca, Pacoh cha, Khmer ស៊ី (sii) and Mon စ (ca).

• IPA^(key): /saː/

sa

1. to eat

sa

1. Romanization of ᬲ

Shortened form of asa, from Proto-Malayic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.

sa

1. one

• sa-

From Old Catalan sa~san, from Latin sānus, from Proto-Indo-European *swā-n- (“healthy; whole; active; vigorous”).

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [sə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [sa]
• Homophone: ça

sa (feminine sana, masculine plural sans, feminine plural sanes)

1. healthy

• sa i estalvi
• sanament
• sanejar

• insà
• malsà
• sanitat

From Latin ipsa.

sa f

1. (Balearic) nominative feminine singular of es

• “sa” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “sa”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “sa” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “sa” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

• 's — contraction, informal

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sa. Compare Tagalog sa, Bikol Central sa, Hiligaynon sa.

• IPA^(key): /sa/ [s̪ɐ]

sa

1. marks the indirect object or recipient of the verb: to

   Coordinate terms: kang, (colloquial) ni — used before personal names

   Gihatag na nako ang tanan sa akong amigo. ― I already gave everything to my friend.

2. refers to the location of something or some action: in; at; on

   Naa sa lamisa. ― On the table.

   Sa Pilipinas ko gipanganak. ― I was born in the Philippines.

3. refers to motion towards or away from a definite location:
   1. to the; towards the

      Synonym: padulong (sa)

      Moadto siya sa sinehan unya. ― He's going to the movies later.

   2. from the; away from the

      Synonym: gikan (sa)

      Mihawa ko sa balay. ― I went away from the house.

4. refers to a time period: at; on; in; during (of a year, month, day of the week, time of day, etc.)

   Synonyms: (colloquial) inig-, ig-

   Sa Lunes mi mouli. ― We're going home on Monday.

5. refers to accompaniment with a definite partner or object: with; together with; in company with

   Synonyms: uban (sa/ang), kuyog (sa/ang)

   Nikuyog si Juan sa iyang papa. ― Juan went with his father.

6. used in comparisons: than

   Synonym: kaysa (sa/kang)

   Mas paspas ang eroplano sa imong sakyanan. ― The airplane is faster than your car.

7. refers to the cause of action: due to; because of

   Synonyms: tungod sa, kay

   Namatay sila sa kagutom. ― They died of hunger.

8. refers to the definite tool or instrument used for doing: with, through, by

   Synonym: gamit (ang)

   Iyang gisagpa sa kamot. ― He slapped him with the hand.

9. refers to the basis of action: through, by, on the basis of

   Migawas ang estudyante sa pagsugot sa maestro. ― The student went out by the teacher's permission.

• Used in combination with other words to form more specific prepositional phrases:

  sa babaw (sa) ― on top (of)

  sa sulod (sa) ― within, inside (of)

  pinaagi sa ― by means of

  tungod sa ― due to, because of

• In senses where definiteness is encoded, sa is used in contrast with og, which refers to indefinite relations.

From earlier sang, conflating with sa (“to, in, at”). Compare Hiligaynon sang, Waray-Waray han, Tagalog ng.

sa

1. definite indirect marker for nouns other than personal names

   Coordinate term: og — for indefinite nouns

   Mikaon sa isda ang iring.

   The cat ate the fish.

   Gikaon sa iring ang isda.

   The cat ate the fish.

2. of, 's; marks possession

   luto sa inahan ― mother's cooking

   babaw sa lamisa ― on top of the table

   1. of the; with a definite possessor

      Coordinate term: og — see Usage notes

      anak sa hari ― son of the king

• In marking possession, the usage of sa is contrasted with that of og in certain possessive relations, such as kinship terms:

  inahan sa hari ― mother of the king

  inahan og hari ― mother of a king

• But this distinction does not apply to all possessive phrases:

  mga dahon sa punuan ― (a/the) tree's leaves

  mga dahon og punuan ― is ungrammatical

• However, the contrast is mostly unused in everyday speech, with sa used in all possessive phrases.

Compare Tagalog sina, Tausug hinda, Kinaray-a sanday.

sa

1. (archaic) direct marker for plural personal names

   Synonyms: sila ni, silang

From usa, isa.

• IPA^(key): /ˈsaʔ/ [ˈs̪aʔ]

sà

1. shortened form of usa, isa (“for now, before doing”)

Elision of the "l" in sala (“strain”), from Proto-Philippine *sáraʔ.

• IPA^(key): /ˈsa(ː)/ [ˈs̪a(ː)]

sa

1. (Cebu) shortened form of sala (“strain”)

Elision of the "l" in sala (“fault, sin”), from Inherited from Proto-Philippine *salaq.

• IPA^(key): /ˈsa(ː)ʔ/ [ˈs̪a(ː)ʔ]

sâ

1. (Cebu) shortened form of sala (“fault, sin”)

Compare South Slavey sa

sa

1. sun
2. watch

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/p-wa.

sa

1. tooth

Ross Perlin (2019) A Grammar of Trung‎^[4], Santa Barbara: University of California

sa

1. water

• Cornelis L. Voorhoeve, Languages of Irian Jaya Checklist (1975, Canberra: Pacific Linguistics)

sa

1. fire

• Duungooma ABC (alphabet duun), page 26

• ꨧ
• ꩑

From Proto-Chamic *sa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.

• IPA^(key): /saː/

sa

1. one

• Sa (optional capitalization)

Short form of sina

sa (genitive su, partitive sind, long form sina)

1. you, thou (in unstressed positions)

   Mis sa teed seal? ― What are you doing there?

• “sa”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
• “sa”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
• sa in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)

See sinä; developed through contraction.

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɑ/, [ˈs̠ɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): sa

sa

1. (personal, archaic, poetic) you (second-person singular pronoun)

Other forms than the nominative generally align with sä.

• sinä (standard Finnish; see it for full list)

• “sa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[5] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

• -as, as

sa

1. feminine singular of son

From Old French sa, from Latin sua feminine form of suus.

• IPA^(key): /sa/

• Audio:

  (file)

sa f sg

1. (possessive) his, her, its, their, one's

   Emma est allée chez sa sœur.

   Emma went to her sister's house.

   Pierre a perdu sa carte d’identité.

   Pierre has lost his identity card.

   Sa voiture est blanche.

   Their car is white.

• “sa”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

• as

From Proto-Polynesian *saqa.

sa

1. bad
2. ugly

Either from Proto-Germanic *saliz (“house, hall”),^[1] or from Proto-Germanic *sēaną (“to sow”).^[2]

• IPA^(key): /ˈsaː/

sa f (plural sas)

1. generation, litter
2. sowing season

• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “sa”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tjak ~ g-t(j)ik. Cognate with Tibetan གཅིག (gcig), Burmese တစ် (tac).

sa

1. one

sa

1. Romanization of 𐍃𐌰

sa

1. (cardinal number) one hundred

• IPA^(key): /sa/

sa

1. to rain

sa

1. the form of sako or its inflections after a determiner

From French ça.

• IPA^(key): /sa/

sa

1. can, to be able to

sa

1. this
2. these
   • 2019 March 19, “Rankont ann Itali ant Anvwaye Espesyal Etazini ak Larisi sou Kriz Venezuela a”, in Lavwadlamerik‎^[6]:

     Dapre Misey Guaido, 2 peyi sa yo ap defann sèlman enterè biznis yo ak Venezuela.

     According to Mr. Guaido, these two countries are only defending their business interests in Venezuela.

3. that
4. those

sa

1. (demonstrative) this
2. (demonstrative) these
3. (demonstrative) that
4. (demonstrative) those
5. (interrogative) what
6. (relative) what

• kisa

From Proto-Austronesian *sa (locative marker).

• IPA^(key): /ˈsa/ [ˈsa]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: sa

sa (Hanunoo spelling ᜰ)

1. to

   Synonym: (literary) kan

2. on; at; in
3. by
4. for
5. from

• For personal names, kan (or kana if plural) is used instead.

• Conklin, Harold C. (1953) Hanunóo-English Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics), volume 9, London, England: University of California Press, →OCLC, page 232
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*sa₂”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

From Proto-Chamic *sa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.

sa

1. one

Generally thought to be from Proto-Chadic (compare Proto-Central Chadic *ɬa, whence Mbuko slā, Uldeme slà, Bana slá, Muyang ɬà, Moloko ɬa, Zulgo-Gemzek sla, Podoko sla, Daba zlà, Lagwan nsla), but Newman dissents and considers it a possible borrowing.

• IPA^(key): /sâː/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [sâː]

sâ m (feminine sānìyā, plural shānū, possessed form sân)

1. bull, ox, cattle

sa

1. of

sa

1. short form for satu, often pronounced as se-.
2. combine with a verb in nasal form e.g. se +‎ kayoh (kayoh means "paddle") to form a noun sengayoh (a paddle).
3. combine with a verb in nasal form and a prefix pe- e.g. sa +‎ pe +‎ san (san means "a load") to form a noun sapenyan (as much as one can carry) and sa +‎ pe +‎ temu (temu means "opinion") to form sapenemu (as much as one knows).

• Richards, Anthony. An Iban-English Dictionary, Volume 1 Clarendon Press. 1981.

• IPA^(key): /sa/

sa

1. (archaic) Alternative form of sua.
   • 1909-1910, Progreso – duesma yaro, page 40:

     Segun sa opiniono la max (maxim) importanta neceso por I.L. esas la max granda perfekteso, e ne la amaso di adheranti, [...]

     According to his opionion the most important necessity for an I.L. is the perfection, and not the amount of adherents, [...]

• (inherent tone): IPA^(key): /sá/

sá

1. to wash, to scrub.

   Ana m asa efere.

   I am washing plates.

Clipping of saya.

• IPA^(key): /sa/
• Hyphenation: sa

sa

1. (Papuan) I (first person singular prononun)

From Middle Irish (i)sind, (i)sin, from Old Irish isin(d/t) (“in the m or f or n sg dative”), isin (“into the m or f sg accusative”), isa (“into the n sg accusative”), from Proto-Celtic *in sindū/sindai (“in the m sg/f sg dative”), *in sindom/sindam (“into the m sg/f sg accusative”).

• IPA^(key): /sˠə/

sa

1. Contraction of i + an.

   Tá an fear sa bhád. ― The man is in the boat

   Tá na páistí ag súgradh sa tsráid. ― The children are playing in the street.

   Táimid inár suí sa seomra (or) tseomra. ― We are sitting in the room.

This contraction is obligatory, i.e. *i an never appears uncontracted. Used before consonant sounds only; otherwise, san is used. Triggers:

• lenition of b, c, f, g, m, p and changes initial s to ts in Ulster varieties,
• lenition of b, c, g, m, p, changes initial s to ts, and triggers eclipsis of f in Munster varieties,
• eclipsis and changes initial s to ts in feminine nouns while not affecting s in masculine nouns in Connacht varieties,
• in An Caighdeán Oifigiúil causes lenition of b, c, f, g, m, p and changes initial s to ts in feminine nouns (An Córas Lárnach) or all nouns (Córas an tSéimhithe).

Often understood to be a contraction of ins an, but the forms san, sa were in common use by the 12th century and accepted in Classical Gaelic poetry while ins is a later innovation with the -n- reintroduced by analogy.

• Osborn Bergin (1916) “Irish Grammatical Tracts (Introductory)”, in Ériu, volume 8, Supplement, Royal Irish Academy, →DOI, →JSTOR, §67, page 17
• McKenna, Lambert, editor (1944), Bardic Syntactical Tracts, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, page 113: “Before pl. art. i n- gives is na, ’sna; in such cases a h- gives as na. (…) Before sg. art. i n- is isin, san (often sa before consonants).”
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “i”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gramadach na Gaeilge: An Caighdeán Oifigiúil‎^[7], Seirbhís Thithe an Oireachtais, 2017, pages 8–10, 15–18

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “sa”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “sa”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “sa”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

• sà (misspelling)

• IPA^(key): /ˈsa‿|| ˈsa/

sa

1. third-person singular present indicative of sapere

   Giovanni sa dov'è Laura. ― Giovanni knows where Laura is.

• sa in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

sa

1. The hiragana syllable さ (sa) or the katakana syllable サ (sa) in Hepburn romanization.

From Proto-Chamic *sa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa, Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.

sa

1. one

From Proto-Berber.

• IPA^(key): /sa/

sa (feminine sat)

1. seven

   Synonym: sebɛa

• zan (Kamakan)

sa

1. (Kotoxo) water

• Chestmir Loukotka, La família lingüística Kamakan del Brasil
• Márcio Silva Martins Andérbio, Revisão da família lingüística Kamakã proposta por Chestmir Loukotka (thesis, Université de Brasilia, 2007 page 52)

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-hjwəj-t (“water; liquid; body fluid”). Cognate with Lashi suid" and Burmese သွေး (swe:).

sa

1. blood

• Dr. Ola Hanson, "A Dictionary of the Kachin Language" (1906).

sa

1. third-person singular present indicative of savéi

• sinā

A shorter form of sinā.

sa

1. you; second person pronoun, referring to the addressee

• minā, ma
• tämā, ta

Renāte Blumberga, Tapio Mäkeläinen, Karl Pajusalu (2013), Lībieši: vēsture, valoda un kultūra, Rīga: Līvõ Kultūr sidām, →ISBN

Inherited from French sera (“will be”) or similar (e.g., seras), an inflection of French être (“to be”).

• IPA^(key): /sa/
• Rhymes: -a
• Homophones: ça, sâ

sa

1. (auxiliary, copulative) will be

sa

1. Obsolete spelling of za.

Reduced form of sua. Semantically derived from Cantonese 嘅 (ge³, possessive marker).

• sua

sa

1. particle appended after pronouns to denote ownership: -'s

   iou-sa filo ― my child

   êle-sa ― his; her; their (sg.)

   ilôtro-sa casa ― their (pl.) house

   uví mai-sa ladínha ― to listen to mother's scolding

• According to native speakers, sa is more commonly used than sua.
• The particle is not inflected for gender.
• Almost always spelt connected using a hyphen in the vast majority of writings, but not mandatory.

• su

#: dated.
*: rare.

Uncertain. Possibly from Portuguese sabe (“know”), thus a doublet of sábi.

• sa', sá

sa

1. expletive particle expressing confirmation or explanation

   Sâm diabo? Nunca, sâm tacho-sa!

   Is it the devil? No, it's a pot!

• https://www.macaneselibrary.org/pub/english/uipatua.htm
• Batalha, Graciete Nogueira (1988) “sa”, in Glossário do dialecto macaense: notas linguísticas, etnográficas e folclóricas [Glossary of the Macanese dialect: linguistic, ethnographic and folkloric notes], Macau: Instituto Cultural de Macau, page 525

sa

1. (1924-1972) Obsolete spelling of se.

Probably from Arabic حَتَّى (ḥattā, “until; as far as; even”). The form, though without doubt unusual, might be explained from earlier *ħta by assimilation in fast speech. Compare Moroccan Arabic حتى (ḥta). Compare also Spanish hasta, which, if related, might point to the existence of an obsolete Maghrebi variant *ḥastā. Joseph Aquilina preferred to derive the Maltese form from a contraction of Italian sino a, variant of fino a (“until; as far as”). Both may also have reinforced each other.

• IPA^(key): /sa/

sa

1. until

   Se nħobbok sal-aħħar nifs ta’ ħajti. ― I’ll love you until the last breath of my life.

2. as far as

sa (sa⁵／sa⁰, Zhuyin ˙ㄙㄚ)

1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 𠮿

sa

1. Nonstandard spelling of sā.
2. Nonstandard spelling of sǎ.
3. Nonstandard spelling of sà.

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

sa

1. tea

• A Maranao Dictionary, by Howard P. McKaughan and Batua A. Macaraya

sa

1. water

• Timothy Leffel, Focus constructions in Masalit (New York University, 05/31/2011)

Likely from Proto-Chadic *sa (“to drink”).^[1] Cognate with Mpade se (“to drink”).

sa

1. to drink

   Kà uwana may azà à gi, kavàw à gi tatak may, nəlay akə̀s à gi, katə̀ɗàw gi iyaw gəsà, gəgà məlok gà, kakə̀sàw gi la ahàl səla. (Mata 25:35)^[2]

   For I was hungry and you gave me something to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink (lit: so I drank), I was a stranger and you welcomed me as a guest. (Matthew 25:35)

   Kəla uwabeyuwi uwana asà iyaw aŋa suwa uwanay, nəlay adàkəsay aya (Yuhana 4:13)^[3]

   Everyone who drinks of this water will be thirsty again.(John 4:13)

Likely from Proto-Chadic *(-)sə (“to come”).^[4]

sa

1. to come

   La kità Yuhana asà à waŋ, azùw aw, asà aw, ŋgaha azladza tagòɗ kà: 'Masla la masasəɗok mawisiga.' (Mata 11:18)^[5]

   For John came neither eating nor drinking, and they say, ‘He has a demon!’ (Matthew 11:18)

   La mavakay uwatà Yesu asà à uda la kay, ŋgaha ahàd adzà madzay la gay dərəv kà matapla tatak à azladza. (Matthew 13:1)^[6]

   ​On that day Jesus came out of the house and was sitting by the sea. (Matthew 13:1)

   "Sà à waŋ, sà à waŋ", tagòɗ à mamətsay, ama mamətsay ahòy atà à ahàl. (Mafətala 9:6)^[7]

   Come here, come here, they said to the death, but the death flew from them (Revelation 9:6)

From Proto-Malayic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.

sa

1. one

• ciek

• sa-

From Proto-Chamic *sa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.

sa

1. one

sa

1. simple past of si

sa

1. past of seia

sa

1. emphasis marker

   Mii sa go ozhiitaawaad igo.

   They were getting ready.

• The Ojibwe People's Dictionary https://ojibwe.lib.umn.edu/main-entry/sa-pc-disc

From Latin sua, feminine of suus.

sa f (masculine son, plural ses)

1. his/hers/its (third-person singular possessive)

• French: sa

From Proto-Germanic *swa.

sā

1. so
2. as
3. or

sa

1. Alternative spelling of so

sa

1. he, it

sa

1. masculine nominative singular of ta (“that”)

sa

1. vocative singular of san (“dog”)

From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *isa, *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *isa, *əsa, *asa.

sa

1. one

• sabi (synonym)

From Portuguese saber and Spanish saber and Kabuverdianu sabe.

sa

1. to know

• IPA^(key): /sá/, [sá]

sa

1. water

• Phonological Considerations of Pawaia, in Oceania Linguistic Monographs, issues 14-15 (1971)
• Transnewguinea.org, citing both D. Trefry, A comparative study of Kuman and Pawaian (1969) and G. E. MacDonald, The Teberan Language Family, pages 111-121, in The Linguistic Situation in the Gulf District and Adjacent Area, Papua New Guinea (editor K. J. Franklin) (1973)

• (Greater Poland):
  • (Kuyavia) IPA^(key): /ˈsa/
  • (Northern Greater Poland) IPA^(key): /ˈsa/
  • (Eastern Greater Poland) IPA^(key): /ˈsa/

sa (not comparable)

1. (Northern Greater Poland, Eastern Greater Poland, Kuyavia) Alternative form of sam (“here”)

• Oskar Kolberg (1867) “sa”, in Dzieła wszystkie: Kujawy (in Polish), page 276
• Oskar Kolberg (1877) “sa”, in “Rzecz o mowie ludu wielkopolskiego”, in Zbiór wiadomości do antropologii krajowéj (in Polish), volume 1, III (Materyjały etnologiczne), page 35

From Proto-Chamic *sa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.

sa

1. one

• IPA^(key): /sɑ˧/

sa

1. to wait.

sa

1. bird; fowl.

sa

1. all

From Vulgar Latin *sa, from Latin sua, the feminine form of suus.

• IPA^(key): /sa/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a

sa f

1. feminine singular of său: his/her

sa f (possessive pronouns)

1. (preceded by "a") his/hers (that which is his or hers)

• s' (apocopated, used before vowels)

From Latin ipsa (“herself”), feminine of ipse (“himself”).

• IPA^(key): /su/

sa f (plural (Logudorese, Nuorese) sas or (Campidanese) is, masculine su)

1. (Logudorese, Campidanese, Nuorese) the (feminine singular definite article)

• Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes
• Wagner, Max Leopold (1960–1964) “ísse”, in Dizionario etimologico sardo, Heidelberg

• sa'

From Middle Irish (i)sind, (i)sin, from Old Irish isin(d/t) (“in the m or f or n sg dative”), isin (“into the m or f sg accusative”), isa (“into the n sg accusative”).

sa

1. in the

   sa bhliadhna de dh'aois Chrìost ― in the year of our Lord, anno domini

• Triggers lenition.
• This form is used before nouns beginning with b, c, g, m or p; otherwise san is used instead.
• Often understood to be a contraction of anns a', but the forms san, sa were in common use by the 12th century and accepted in Classical Gaelic poetry while anns is a later innovation with the -n- reintroduced by analogy.

• ann an
• anns

• Osborn Bergin (1916) “Irish Grammatical Tracts (Introductory)”, in Ériu, volume 8, Supplement, Royal Irish Academy, →DOI, →JSTOR, §67, page 17
• McKenna, Lambert, editor (1944), Bardic Syntactical Tracts, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, page 113: “Before pl. art. i n- gives is na, ’sna; in such cases a h- gives as na. (…) Before sg. art. i n- is isin, san (often sa before consonants).”
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “i”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

sa (Cyrillic spelling са)

1. Alternative form of s; used instead of s when the following word or group of words start with sibilants s, z, š or ž and before instrumental form of first-person pronoun ja (mnom).

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sę, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sen, from Proto-Indo-European *swé.

• IPA^(key): [sa]

sa

1. accusative of seba

   Vidím sa v zrkadle. ― I see myself in the mirror.

   Koho vidíš v zrkadle? Seba. ― Whom do you see in the mirror? Myself.

• In regular sentences, it must take the 2nd position.

  Modlím sa. ― I am praying.

• In the past tense, it takes the third 3rd while the inflected form of the verb byť takes the 2nd position.

  Modlil som sa. ― I was praying.

• In the conditional mood, it takes the 4th position of the sentences with the inflected form of byť occupying the 3rd position and the pronoun by taking the 2nd position.

  Modlil by som sa, keby... ― I would pray, if ...

• “sa”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024

From Proto-Athabaskan *x̯ʷa. Cognates include Navajo shá and Dogrib sa.

• IPA^(key): [sà(ʔ)]
• Hyphenation: sa

sa (stem -za-)

1. sun
2. month

• Keren Rice (1989) A Grammar of Slave, Berlin, West Germany: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 215

-sa^?

1. to take

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

• IPA^(key): /sa/

From English shall or borrowed from Dutch zal.

sa

1. Verbal marker for modal aspect.
2. Verbal marker for the future tense.

   Synonym: o

   • 1975, “Basya Adyuku koni”, in Ursy M. Lichtveld, Jan Voorhoeve, editors, Creole drum. An Anthology of Creole Literature in Surinam‎^[8], New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 86:

     A krabdagu taki: - Angri e kiri mi ba. A di mi si yu e nyan, ne mi kon.
     Adyuku taki: - We san mi e nyan, mi no sabi efu yu sa nyan en. Na kasaba dokun mi tyari. Efu yu sa nyan en, dan mi sa gi yu.

     The crab-eating raccoon said: 'I'm starving, brother. When I saw that you're eating, I came over immediately.
     Adyuku said: 'I say, I don't know whether you'll [want to] eat what I'm eating. I brought cassava duckanoo. If you'll eat it, then I'll give it to you.

   • 1999, Hillary de Bruin, “Liederen uit de praktijk van de duman [Songs from the Winti priest's practice]”, in OSO. Tijdschrift voor Surinaamse taalkunde, letterkunde en geschiedenis‎^[9], Instituut ter Bevordering van de Surinamistiek, →ISSN, page 152:

     Blesi sa kon bogobogo, Masra pramis' m'anga yu, Lek'wan alen a sa wiki, Kraf' den di bribi fu tru, Sula fu seigi, wan dei sa was' kon na gron, now wan tu dropu de spiti, ma sibibusi sa kon

     Blessing will come abundantly / the Lord promised to me and you / like a rainshower it will awaken / strengthen those who truly believe / With cataracts of blessing / one day the ground will be awash / now a few droplets are spitting / but torrential rains will come

From English saw.

sa

1. A saw (tool with a serrated blade, used for sawing).

sa

1. Romanization of 𒊓 (sa)

-sá

1. to dawn

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Apocopic form of sade

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɑː/
• Rhymes: -ɑː

sa

1. (somewhat informal) past indicative of säga

• -as, as

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *sa. Compare Bikol Central sa, Cebuano sa, Hiligaynon sa, Waray-Waray ha, Tausug ha, and Gorontalo ta.

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /sa/ [sɐ]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: sa

sa (Baybayin spelling ᜐ)

1. indirect object marker: to

   Binigay ko na ang lahat sa kaibigan ko. ― I already gave everything to my friend.

2. used to refer to the location of something or some action: in; at; on (not used in a positive equational sentence)

   Sa Pilipinas ako ipinanganak. ― I was born in the Philippines.

   Wala siya sa opisina. ― He's not at the office.

3. used to refer towards a location: to; toward

   Pupunta siya sa sinehan mamaya. ― He's going to the movies later.

4. used to refer to accompaniment: with; together with; in company with

   Sumama si Juan sa tatay niya. ― Juan went with his father.

5. used to refer to a time period: at; on; in; during (of a year, month, day of the week, time of day, etc.)

   Sa Lunes kami uuwi. ― We're going home on Monday.

6. used in comparisons: than

   Synonym: kaysa

   Mas mabilis ang eroplano sa kotse mo. ― The airplane is faster than your car.

7. used to refer to a place of origin or where one comes from: from; of (usually with galing or tubo)

   Tubo siya sa Cebu. ― He is a native from Cebu.

8. a prescribed point in time when something occurred: upon; on; at the time of

   Sa pagpasok niya sa bahay, tumunog ang telepono. ― Upon his entrance to the house, the telephone rang.

9. used to refer to the cause: due to; from; of

   Namatay sila sa gutom. ― They died of hunger.

10. used to refer to the basis: on the basis of; on

    Lumabas ang estudyante sa pahintulot ng guro. ― The student went out based on the permission from the teacher.

11. used to refer to one's dependence on or use of: on; through the use of

    Nabuhay sila sa tubig at tinapay lamang. ― They lived only on water and bread.

12. used in combination with other words to form more specific prepositional phrases

    sa pamamagitan ng ― by means of

    mula sa ― from

• This is not used with names of people or other living beings, where kay or kina is used instead.
• For positive equational sentences, to refer to a location of something, nasa, na kay, or na kina is used instead.