malum

From Latin malum.

• enPR: mälʹəm, IPA^(key): /ˈmæ.ləm/

malum (plural malums)

1. (formal) An evil or wrongdoing.

• mal
• malus
• malum in se
• malum prohibitum

• “malum”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• “malum”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

Related to Arabic مُعَلِّم (muʕallim, “teacher”).

malum (plural malums)

1. (India, nautical, historical) The mate serving on a ship with English officers and native crew.

• malumi

• Henry Yule, A[rthur] C[oke] Burnell (1903) “malum”, in William Crooke, editor, Hobson-Jobson […] , London: John Murray, […].

• Mulam

From malus (“evil, wicked”).

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈma.lum/, [ˈmäɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈma.lum/, [ˈmäːlum]

malum

1. inflection of malus:
   1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular
   2. accusative masculine singular

malum n (genitive malī); second declension

2. evil, adversity, hardship, misfortune, calamity, disaster, mischief

   Synonyms: plāga, īnfortūnium, calamitās, cāsus, cruciātus, miseria, vulnus, nūbēs, pestis

3. punishment, harm, injury, torment, misery

   Synonyms: cruciātus, pūnītiō, mercēs, poena, supplicium, vindicātiō, vindicta, animadversus, exemplum, sānctiō, pretium, noxa

   • 8 CE – 12 CE, Ovid, Sorrows 1.40:

     nūbila sunt subitīs tempora nostra malīs

     my days are clouded by sudden miseries

4. disease, illness, infirmity

   Synonyms: aegritūdō, morbus, pestis, valētūdō, labor, infirmitas, incommodum

   Antonyms: salūs, valētūdō

5. wrong-doing

   Synonyms: culpa, dēlictum, peccātum, scelus, vitium, noxa, crīmen, facinus, iniūria, error, dēlinquentia, maleficium

   Antonyms: bonum, rēctum, virtūs

6. (in the plural) bad words

Second-declension noun (neuter).

• French: mal
• → English: malum
• Spanish: malo

malum

1. damn!, fuck!, alas!, misery!
   • c. 200 BCE, Plautus, Menaechmi 2.3.389.390:

     Erotium: Certo, tibi et parasito tuo.
     Sosicles: Quoi, malum, parasito? Certo haec mulier non sana est satis.

     Certainly you did, for yourself and your parasite."
     "For whom? Fuck, parasite? Surely this woman isn't quite right in her senses.

• malē
• malus

 

Perhaps borrowed from Doric Greek μᾶλον (mâlon, “apple”). Alternatively but less likely from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂lom. The Proto-Indo-European word in fact regularly give both mālum in Latin and μῆλον in Ancient Greek, but such reconstruction is dubious due to the fact that it is only found in some Indo-European languages. It is more likely that the Greek word was borrowed from a pre-Indo-European subratum and later borrowed into Latin. See μῆλον for more details.

• mēlum (Late Latin)

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈmaː.lum/, [ˈmäːɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈma.lum/, [ˈmäːlum]

mālum n (genitive mālī); second declension

2. apple (fruit)
3. any tree fruit with a fleshy exterior, e.g. quinces, pears, peaches, etc.
4. the plant Aristolochia

Second-declension noun (neuter).

• mālum discordiae
• mālum pūnicum

• mālus
• mēlum
• mēlō
• mēlopepō

• “malum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “malum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• malum in Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
• malum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• malum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • (ambiguous) to be broken down by misfortune: in malis iacere
    
  • (ambiguous) to be hard pressed by misfortune: malis urgeri
    
  • (ambiguous) to deserve ill of a person; to treat badly: male mereri de aliquo
    
  • (ambiguous) to have a good or bad reputation, be spoken well, ill of: bene, male audire (ab aliquo)
    
  • (ambiguous) to have a good or bad reputation, be spoken well, ill of: bona, mala existimatio est de aliquo
    
  • (ambiguous) to inculcate good (bad) principles: bene (male) praecipere alicui
    
  • (ambiguous) moral science; ethics: philosophia, in qua de bonis rebus et malis, deque hominum vita et moribus disputatur
    
  • (ambiguous) my mind forebodes misfortune: animus praesāgit malum
    
  • (ambiguous) my mind forebodes misfortune: animo praesagio malum
    
  • (ambiguous) a guilty conscience: conscientia mala or peccatorum, culpae, sceleris, delicti
    
  • (ambiguous) a guilty conscience: animus male sibi conscius
    
  • (ambiguous) to be tormented by remorse: conscientia mala angi, excruciari
    
  • (ambiguous) a moral (immoral) man: homo bene (male) moratus
    
  • (ambiguous) to bless (curse) a person: precari alicui bene (male) or omnia bona (mala), salutem
    
  • (ambiguous) to manage one's affairs, household, property well or ill: rem bene (male) gerere (vid. sect. XVI. 10a)
    
  • (ambiguous) from beginning to end: ab ovo usque ad mala (proverb.)
    
  • (ambiguous) to buy dearly: magno or male emere
    
  • (ambiguous) to win, lose a fight (of the commander): rem (bene, male) gerere (vid. sect. XII. 2, note rem gerere...)
    
  • (ambiguous) I am sorry to hear..: male (opp. bene) narras (de)
    

From Ottoman Turkish معلوم (ma'lum), from Arabic مَعْلُوم (maʕlūm).

• IPA^(key): /maː.ˈlum/
• Hyphenation: ma‧lum

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malum

1. known, certain
2. (algebra, obsolete) known

• malumat

malum

1. as you know

malum (definite accusative malumu, plural malumlar)

1. (grammar, obsolete) active voice

• meçhul

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “malum”, in Nişanyan Sözlük