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See also: LER, lèr, lêr, and -ler

Danish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /leːˀr/, [ˈleˀɐ̯], [ˈleɐ̯ˀ]

Etymology 1

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From Old Norse leir, from Proto-Germanic *laizą, cognate with Norwegian leir, Swedish ler. Probably from the Indo-European root *h₂leyH- (to smear).

Noun

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ler n (singular definite leret, not used in plural form)

  1. clay
Declension
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See also
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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ler

  1. present tense of le

Galician

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese leer, from Latin legere. Compare Portuguese ler.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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ler (first-person singular present leo, first-person singular preterite lín, past participle lido)
ler (first-person singular present leio, first-person singular preterite lim or li, past participle lido, reintegrationist norm)

  1. to read

Conjugation

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References

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Japanese

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “whence r?”)

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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ler(ラー) (-rā

  1. Alternative form of er (ā)

Derived terms

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Mirandese

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Latin legere.

Verb

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ler

  1. to read

Norwegian Bokmål

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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ler

  1. present of le

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Verb

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ler

  1. present of le

Old Galician-Portuguese

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Alternative forms

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  • lez (likely a misspelling)

Etymology

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Unknown. Likely from Proto-Celtic *liros.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ler m (plural lers)

  1. sea, beach, shore

Usage notes

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  • Do not confuse with leer (to read).

Old Irish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *liros, either borrowed from an unknown substrate language or from Proto-Indo-European *leyH-.[1] Cognate with Welsh llŷr.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ler m or n (genitive lir)

  1. (masculine) sea, ocean
  2. (neuter) a lot, multitude, large number

Inflection

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As a masculine noun meaning "sea, ocean":

Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ler lerL lirL
Vocative lir lerL liruH
Accusative lerN lerL liruH
Genitive lirL ler lerN
Dative liurL leraib leraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

As a neuter noun meaning "a lot, large number, multitude":

Neuter o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative lerN lerN lerL, lera
Vocative lerN lerN lerL, lera
Accusative lerN lerN lerL, lera
Genitive lirL ler lerN
Dative liurL leraib leraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

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  • Irish: lear
  • Scottish Gaelic: lear

Mutation

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Mutation of ler
radical lenition nasalization
ler
also ller after a proclitic
ending in a vowel
ler
pronounced with /l(ʲ)-/
unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*liro-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 241

Further reading

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Portuguese

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese leer, from Latin legere (to read). Compare Galician ler and Spanish leer.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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ler (first-person singular present leio, first-person singular preterite li, past participle lido)

  1. to read (to look at and interpret written information)
  2. to read (to speak aloud written information)
  3. (computing) to read (to fetch data from)
  4. (reflexive, of text) to read (to be interpreted or read in a particular way)

Conjugation

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Quotations

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For quotations using this term, see Citations:ler.

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Macanese:
  • Makalero: leh (to read)

Romansch

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Etymology 1

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From Latin legō, legere.

Verb

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ler

  1. (Puter) to read
Alternative forms
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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ler

  1. (Sutsilvan) Alternative form of vuler

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology

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From German leer.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /lêːr/
  • Hyphenation: ler

Noun

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lȇr m (Cyrillic spelling ле̑р)

  1. (regional, automotive) neutral

Declension

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References

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  • ler”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Swedish

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Noun

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ler c

  1. clay; Contraction of lera., in the expression ler och långhalm

Verb

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ler

  1. present indicative of le

Anagrams

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