leap

 

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leap

Wikipedia

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: lēp, IPA^(key): /liːp/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /lip/

• Audio (General American):

  (file)

• IPA^(key): /lɛp/ (obsolete, up to 19th c.)^[1]
• Rhymes: -iːp

From Middle English lepen, from Old English hlēapan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan, from Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną. Doublet of lope, lowp, elope, gallop, galop, interlope, and loop.

Cognate with West Frisian ljeppe (“to jump”), Dutch lopen (“to run; to walk”), German laufen (“to run; to walk”), Danish løbe (“to run”), Norwegian Bokmål løpe (“to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *klewb- (“to spring, stumble”) (compare Lithuanian šlùbti ‘to become lame’, klùbti ‘to stumble’).

leap (third-person singular simple present leaps, present participle leaping, simple past leaped or leapt or (archaic) lept or (archaic) lope, past participle leaped or leapt or (archaic) lept or (archaic) lopen)

1. (intransitive) To jump.
   • c. 1450, anonymous author, Merlin:

     It is grete nede a man to go bak to recouer the better his leep

   • 1600, anonymous author, The wisdome of Doctor Dodypoll, act 4:

     I, I defie thee: wert not thou next him when he leapt into the Riuer?

   • 1783, Hugh Blair, from the “Iliad” in Lectures on Rhetoric and Belles Lettres, lecture 4, page 65

     Th’ infernal monarch rear’d his horrid head, Leapt from his throne, lest Neptune’s arm should lay His dark dominions open to the day.

   • 1999, Ai, Vice: New & Selected Poems, page 78

     It is better to leap into the void.

2. (transitive) To pass over by a leap or jump.

   to leap a wall or a ditch

   • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto XL, page 62:

     ⁠Deep folly! yet that this could be—
     ⁠That I could wing my will with might
     ⁠To leap the grades of life and light,
     And flash at once, my friend, to thee: […]

3. (archaic, transitive) To copulate with (a female beast)
4. (archaic) To copulate with (a human)
   • 1616–1619 (first performance), John Fletcher, Philip Massinger, Nathan Field, “The Knight of Malta”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):

     go leap her, and engender young devilings

5. (transitive) To cause to leap.

   to leap a horse across a ditch

The choice between leapt and leaped is often generally a matter of regional differences: leapt is preferred in British English whereas leaped is somewhat more common in American English (although this is not to say that leapt is not used in American English, especially in areas with historical ties to England). According to research by John Algeo (British or American English?, Cambridge, 2006), leapt is used 80% of the time in UK and 32% in the US.

• (jump from one location to another): bound, hop, jump, spring
• (jump upwards): bound, hop, jump, spring

leap (plural leaps)

1. The act of leaping or jumping.

   He made a leap across the river.

   • 1692, Roger L’Estrange, “ (please specify the fable number.) (please specify the name of the fable.)”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists: […], London: […] R[ichard] Sare, […], →OCLC:

     Leaps from one Extream to Another , are Unnatural Motions in the Course of our lives and Humours

   • 1877, Henry Sweet, A Handbook of Phonetics

     Changes of tone may proceed either by leaps or glides.

2. The distance traversed by a leap or jump.
3. A group of leopards.
   • 1970, The Calcutta Review‎^[2], page 373:

     Manikanta returned to the palace riding on a royal tiger accompanied by a leap of leopards to the utter surprise of the inhabitants of Pantalam.

   • 2005 July 23, Next Windows to be named "Vista".‎^[3]:

     I can see it now... a leap of Leopards eating the carcass of a Longhorn out in the Vista....

   • 2009, Cooper, The President's Dilemma: A Novel‎^[4], page 131:

     Without the Chop Chop Chop Chop Cowville seems almost normal: no hover of helicopters, no leap of leopards.

   • 2017, Sandra Evans, This Is Not a Werewolf Story‎^[5], page 22:

     I felt like the only one of my kind, and all around me were the other kids in their groups like herds of wildebeests and prides of lions and crashes of rhinos and unkindnesses of ravens and leaps of leopards and wrecks of sea hawks.

4. (figuratively) A significant move forward.
   • 1969 July 20, Neil Armstrong, as he became the first man to step on the moon:

     That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.

   • 2024 May 30, Germano Vera Cruz, Elias Aboujaoude, Magdalena Liberacka-Dwojak, Monika Wiłkość-Dębczyńska, Lucien Rochat, Riaz Khan, Yasser Khazaal, “How much online pornography is too much? A comparison of two theoretically distinct assessment scales”, in Archives of Public Health, volume 82, →DOI:

     Since the arrival of mainstream pornography platforms in the early 2000’s and the rise in smartphone use, online pornography consumption has shown considerable year on year leaps.

5. (figuratively) A large step in reasoning, often one that is not justified by the facts.

   It's quite a leap to claim that those cloud formations are evidence of UFOs.

6. (mining) A fault.
7. Copulation with, or coverture of, a female beast.
   • 1865, British Farmer's Magazine, number 48, page 8:

     Much difference of opinion exists as to the number of bullings a cow should receive. Here, I think, good judgment should be used. If the bull is cool and quiet, and some time has intervened since he had his last cow, one good leap is better than more […]

8. (music) A passing from one note to another by an interval, especially by a long one, or by one including several other intermediate intervals.
9. A small cataract over which fish attempt to jump; a salmon ladder.
   • 1837, The New Sporting Magazine, volume 12, page 358:

     He unfortunately persevered, and the cot veered round towards the fall of the leap, and was running fast towards the rapids, when Mr. Craven lost his self-possession, and jumped out to gain a rock within a length of him, but did not succe[e]d, and he sunk in a part of the river over the leap called the dancing-hole, from which he was never more seen to rise. The cot was dashed with violence against another rock […]

   • 1868, John Marius Wilson, The Imperial Gazetteer of Scotland, page 24:

     […] where the Esk divides it in the middle, and forms a linn or leap, is named the How burn; […]

leap (not comparable)

1. (calendar) Intercalary, bissextile.

From Middle English lep, from Old English lēap (“basket”), from Proto-West Germanic *laup, from Proto-Germanic *laupaz (“container, basket”). Cognate with Icelandic laupur (“basket”).

• leep

leap (plural leaps)

1. A trap or snare for fish, made from twigs; a weely.
2. Half a bushel.

• seed-leap

• Alep, Lape, Peal, e-pal, pale, pale-, peal, pela, plea

From Proto-West Germanic *laup, from Proto-Germanic *laupaz (“container, basket”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ-, *lewb- (“to peel, break off, damage”), from Proto-Indo-European *lew-, *lewH- (“to cut, divide, separate, release”). Cognate with Old Frisian lēpen (“vessel, grain measure”), Middle Low German lôp and lö̂pen (“measuring vessel, small bushel, grain measure”), Old Norse laupr (“basket”).

• IPA^(key): /læ͜ɑːp/

lēap m

1. basket
2. container, vessel
3. (measurement) basketful
4. a weel for catching fish; weely

• sǣdlēap

• loft
• lyft

• Middle English: lep, lepe, leep
  • English: leap, leep
  • Scots: leip
    • ⇒ Scots: leipie, lippie